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Rose (scientific name: rose. ): China origin. It belongs to a deciduous shrub of Rosaceae, with many needles on its branches, odd pinnate compound leaves, 5-9 leaflets, oval shape and lateral thorns. Petals obovate, double to semi-double, purplish red and white. The fruit period is from August to September, and it is oblate. Branches are weak, drooping and prickly, and only bloom once a year, so they are rarely used for breeding. Recently, their main characteristics are disease resistance and cold tolerance.

As a cash crop, roses are mainly used for food and extracting rose oil, and rose oil is used in cosmetics, food, fine chemicals and other industries.

In European languages, rose, rose and Chinese rose all use the same word, such as rose in English and Die Rose in German. Rose is the national flower of Britain. "Rose" in the popular sense has become a general term for many Rosa plants. In fact, hybrid roses are also produced by cross breeding of various species under roses. Please see the word "rose" for this content. Erect shrubs, up to 2 meters high; Stems are thick and tufted; Branchlets densely villous, with needles and glandular hairs, erect or curved yellowish prickles, covered with villi. [ 1]

Leaflets 5-9, petiole 5- 13 cm long; Leaflets are ovoid or ovoid-obovate, with a length of1.5-4.5cm and a width of1-2.5cm. The apex is acute or obtuse, the base is round or broadly wedge-shaped, the edge is sharply serrated, the upper surface is dark green, hairless, the veins are sunken and wrinkled, the lower surface is grayish green, the midvein is prominent, and the reticulate veins are obvious and densely covered. Petiole and leaf axis are densely covered with villi and glandular hairs; Stipules are mostly adnate to petioles, free parts are ovate, the edges are glandular serrate, and the lower part is tomentose. [ 1]

Flowers are solitary in leaf axils, or clustered, with ovate bracts, glandular hairs on the edges, and outer tomentose; Pedicel 5 -22 mm long, densely covered with villi and glandular hairs; Flower diameter 4-5.5 cm; Sepals are ovate-lanceolate, the apex is caudate, usually pinnate lobes expand into leaves, with sparse hairs at the top and dense hairs and glandular hairs at the bottom; Petals obovate, double to semi-double, fragrant, purple to white; Style free, hairy, slightly out of calyx tube mouth, much shorter than stamens. [ 1]

The fruit is oblate, 2-2.5 cm in diameter, brick red, fleshy and smooth, with persistent sepals. The flowering period is May-June and the fruiting period is August-September. According to the classification of Flora of China, rose, Chinese rose and rose all belong to Rosaceae, Rosaceae and Rosaceae subgenus. It is not difficult for ordinary scientific and technological workers engaged in plant taxonomy or related to scientifically distinguish roses, Chinese roses and roses from the perspective of plant taxonomy. But it is really a problem for ordinary amateurs. Western roses are usually called roses and roses in the west, but when they were introduced to China, western roses were translated into roses, while traditional rose varieties were translated into roses, and grapevines were translated into roses.

rose

Taxonomically speaking, roses in China generally mean that they have a strong rose fragrance and bloom once or several times a year (most rose varieties only bloom once a year, except a few varieties such as Fenghua series roses in pingyin rose, China, which can bloom many times a year). Usually, most roses are flourishing and have many flowers in one bud. After the branches are cut, the flowers will wither soon, and the longest will not exceed half an hour. So roses are not suitable for fresh cut flowers. In addition, most rose varieties have a strong rose fragrance. Roses in China can only be used to extract rose essential oil, make rose tea, rose wine, rose sauce and make medicines. It is also the so-called traditional (ancient or traditional) rose in the world.

At present, there are only a dozen varieties of traditional roses commonly cultivated in China, such as Bitter Water Rose (Bitter Water Town, Yongdeng County, Gansu Province), pingyin rose (Pingyin County, Shandong Province), Damascus Series Rose, Venetian Rose (French variety) and so on. There are only 7-8 varieties cultivated on a large scale in production.