The "black technology" in the Olympic Games, with the continuous investment in sports and more and more scientific training, the current world record is basically close to the human limit, and it is more and more difficult to break the world record. High-tech sports equipment has attracted more and more attention.
"Black Technology" in the Olympic Games 1 Beijing time 13 In the early morning, China won the track cycling women's team racing championship. Two girls from China, wearing Chinese-style sports helmets, won the first gold medal in the history of cycling in China.
In addition to helmets, there are bicycles under the feet of girls to attract the attention of the audience. This kind of bicycle has only one gear, no brakes and high technology content. The purpose is to make athletes "fly fast".
High-tech sports equipment has attracted more and more attention. Dr. Huang Xifa, associate researcher of the Sports Science Research Institute of the State General Administration of Sport and general manager of Beijing National Sports Science and Technology Development Service Center, has been paying attention to the "black technology" in the Olympic Games. His most urgent expectation is that more China enterprises can participate in the research and development of competitive sports science and technology products.
More high-tech equipment is used for daily sports training.
In this Olympic Games, Hawkeye system was used in volleyball competition to solve possible disputes. Under the swimming pool of long-distance swimming competition, tell the athletes how long it will be before they reach the finish line with LED display screen. The laser electronic target system is used in the shooting field, and the data accuracy is further improved ... Before and after the Olympic Games, all kinds of cool gadgets appeared. If all of them are collected, we can probably hold another science fair by the way.
Of course, these are just the tip of the iceberg of competitive sports technology products.
More and more "ruthless" scientific and technological means have been applied to the daily training of athletes. As the saying goes, "Know yourself and know yourself, and win every battle", athletes should know the strength of themselves and their opponents; The coaching team should also master the technical characteristics and physical condition of athletes and make scientific training plans. Behind a medal is a set of scientific training system.
"What we use most is video analysis technology." Huang said that the current mainstream video acquisition frequency is 50 frames per second. If we analyze specific behavior points, we can use a high-speed camera with 500- 1000 frames per second to capture and collect athletes' movements and analyze the technical indicators of athletes' details. He remembered that Liu Xiang's coaching staff photographed its dynamics with a camera, and photographed Liu Xiang running in 1 10 meter hurdles training. They looked at the full picture of Liu Xiang and analyzed whether the actions of key nodes were in place.
Development trend of sports equipment: intelligence and invisibility
The progress of science and technology has indeed brought great improvement to sports performance. 1963, due to the use of FRP poles, the pole vault performance has improved more than the sum of the past 20 years. But today, the improvement of sports equipment in material improvement and ergonomic design optimization has reached the limit. It is difficult to make revolutionary changes unless new materials are used.
At the same time, intelligence has become a new trend in the field of sports equipment. In recent years, wearable devices have become assistants for professional athletes' training. Huang Xifa introduced that in football training, athletes will wear vests with built-in sensors, and the coaching team can monitor their running distance, running speed, running track and heart rate.
Huang Xifa judged that in the future, wearable devices will be more invisible and even become part of clothes. In the future, these devices can not only "passively record" data, but also "actively stimulate" athletes to enhance their excitement.
In sports science and technology, China is also "holding back big moves".
For example, the emergence of laser electronic targets in this Olympic Games is nothing new. Domestic companies have developed a laser electronic target system with international intellectual property rights. Another example is swimming, which always uses Omega's video image timing judgment system. Huang Xifa revealed that the Institute of Physical Education and the National Sports Science and Technology are cooperating to develop a video image collision timing judgment system and a swimming underwater action analysis system. The related software and hardware can be tested and run in the swimming team by the end of this year.
The development of mass sports can also improve the scientific and technological model of competitive sports.
The picture comes from the internet.
He Cong, marketing manager of Beijing National Sports Science and Technology Development Service Center, said frankly that China enterprises have indeed developed good products in wearable devices. However, in terms of algorithm, foreign companies are better. "They have more than 300 indicators that can be analyzed by one device; It would be nice if domestic companies could analyze more than 40 items. " Technically, there is no gap between China and foreign countries.
In the field of mass fitness, the performance of China enterprises is remarkable. However, due to the relative limitations of the audience, the pace of development of competitive sports equipment in China is indeed not as good as that of foreign countries.
"We used to play our own games. Sports people play sports by themselves, engage in scientific research by themselves, and social forces participate relatively little. Now advocating' internet plus', some big companies are also involved, and the situation of going it alone is changing. " Huang Xifa said.
He Cong said that when sports is a "game" for a few people, few enterprises are willing to bother to study sports equipment; When sports are truly popular and business opportunities are identified, enterprises are willing to invest. The results of this investment can be applied to mass sports and upgraded, and can also be used for competitive sports. Of course, you can also take the "top-down" route. Enterprises must first gain a place in competitive sports, and then "reduce the allocation" of sports equipment and then promote it.
"With the development of sports industry and the east wind of this Olympic Games, it is believed that more and more enterprises will enter the field of sports equipment research and development, forming a blowout development trend." Huang looks forward to development.
"Black Technology" 2 in the Olympic Games With the continuous investment in sports and more and more scientific training, the current world record is basically close to the limit of mankind, and it is more and more difficult to break the world record.
In order to achieve better results, besides efforts, we also seek other ways, such as high-tech equipment.
Let's take a look at some high-tech equipment that appeared in the Olympic Games in recent years.
doping
Stimulant, a notorious thing, although it belongs to "high technology", is not strictly equipment, but it has to be mentioned.
In the 1920s, doping appeared in the Olympic Games. At that time, athletes used to be proud of using stimulants.
During the Cold War, the US-Soviet hegemony also extended to the Olympic Games. In order to achieve results, American and Soviet athletes competed to use stimulants, and the use of stimulants reached its peak. This makes the competition unfair and seriously violates the Olympic spirit. More and more people of insight have realized this, and 1988 Seoul Olympic Games became a turning point in anti-doping. Since then, doping detection technology has made great progress, reaching 202 1, and anti-doping work has also made great achievements, but it has not been completely eliminated.
Shark-skin swimsuit
Shark skin swimsuit first appeared in Sydney Olympic Games in 2000, and Australian star Thorpe won three gold medals with this swimsuit. It is said that this kind of swimsuit can improve the speed of swimmers by 3%, and this is only the first generation of shark skin swimsuit, and it will be developed to the fourth generation in the future.
Shark skin swimsuit is a successful case of bionics application. Scientists have found that rough V-shaped wrinkles on the surface of shark skin can greatly reduce the friction of water flow, make the water around the body flow more efficiently, and sharks can swim quickly. The ultra-stretched fiber surface of shark skin swimsuit is made by completely imitating the surface of shark skin.
During the popularity of shark skin swimsuit, the century record of swimming was repeatedly broken, among which the biggest beneficiary was American legendary swimmer Phelps, who won 23 Olympic gold medals with the blessing of shark skin swimsuit, which is unprecedented, and I believe it is difficult for anyone to come.
The turning point was in 20 19. On July 28th, Phelps was defeated by Bidderman, a German swimmer wearing a more advanced shark skin swimsuit, and the myth of Phelps was ended. Later, under the pressure of strong public opinion, FINA made a decision at the end of July 2009: "From 20 10, it is forbidden to use high-tech swimsuits in competitions".
Special competition clothes
Marion jones in the United States, Cathy Freeman in Australia and other sprinters all use special sportswear developed by Nike. This kind of running suit is very sleek and has a hood, which can cover all parts of the sprinter except the face, hands and feet. This can keep the muscles warm and compressed, and improve the performance of sprinters.
Steve Moneghetti, an Australian marathon runner, took part in the competition in shorts and vest made of recycled soft drink bottles. According to the manufacturer Nike, this material is cooler than other fabrics.
The uniforms of the American football team and volleyball team even borrowed the technology of NASA. This kind of sportswear has a built-in grid structure, which can absorb heat and quickly discharge it into the air.
Nike also provides many athletes with anti-air resistance sportswear to help sprinters reduce air resistance and improve their performance. The design process uses new technologies such as wind tunnel testing and 3D printing.
Of course, our China team is not without its merits. The uniform of the national track and field team adopts Nike's AeroBlades technology, and a "small triangle" is added to the legs and arms of the sportswear. When athletes exercise, these small triangles can "adjust the aerodynamic environment around people, thus reducing human resistance."
In addition, the China team's sportswear is said to adopt black technology-the material of this sportswear can effectively improve venous return, reduce congestion, accelerate metabolism, and realize short-term human energy recovery.
Special running shoes
Donovan bailey, Olympic 100 meter champion, put on Adidas special running shoes. It is said that this special running shoe has a hard metal plate, which can make human toes as stiff as jaguar claws when running.
American sprinter Trayvon Bromell wears running shoes with New Balance 3D printed on them, and Kenyan sprinter David Rudisha wears Adidas Adizero MD running shoes. These running shoes are lighter and stronger, which can improve the stability and speed of running.
LumiWave wearable therapeutic instrument
LumiWave is an infrared wearable therapeutic instrument, which can help patients to relieve pain by low light therapy, especially for strain, sprain and joint inflammation, and patients can recover quickly after use. As early as 2004, LumiWave became popular within the Olympic team.
Specifically, the equipment is equipped with 50 infrared LED lights. When an athlete wears LumiWave, the device will send out a pulse signal to promote the blood circulation of the injured part of the athlete, further enhance the release of nitric oxide in the human body, and finally accelerate the recovery of individual cells.
Solos smart glasses
Solos Smart Glasses This is a smart device similar to Google Glass. Very popular with cyclists, cycling teams have also become popular in the United States.
Specifically, this kind of ordinary glasses is adjusted for cyclists, with a built-in heart rate sensor, which can monitor athletes' heart rate and calories burned, and also provide real-time navigation and telephone functions. Like Google Glass, the display screen of Solos will be directly projected on the lens of the glasses to quantify the movement, and then give personalized suggestions according to the athlete's state, thus helping the athlete to adjust the rhythm and speed.
Jelly headdress
Synchronized swimming is one of the most pleasing events in the Olympic Games, and the image of athletes is very important. If the hair is unfortunately scattered as soon as it enters the water, it will damage the image. The effect of using ordinary hair gel is not obvious, but it is not difficult for smart athletes to use jelly!
The "jelly" used by girls is actually jelly powder without sugar gum. Gel is a semi-solid viscous substance with no fluidity. Before the game, stir the hair gel with warm water, and then brush it on your head layer by layer with a brush until each hair is completely fixed by the hair gel.
"freezer"
The "freezing room" can gradually reduce the temperature to-140 degrees Celsius. Athletes should put on special socks, underwear and earmuffs and enter a small room. The small room was gradually moved into a colder and then coldest cabin. Extreme low temperature narrows athletes' blood vessels and slows down their blood flow and metabolism. When athletes leave the freezer in two minutes, their blood vessels will expand four times as much as usual. Blood circulates in the body with more oxygen, and damaged or overworked tissues and joints can be treated. At the same time, endorphins are inhibited at low temperature, which has a very good analgesic effect. Because of its remarkable effect on physical recovery, freezing recovery method has been applied to some endurance events such as long-distance running and swimming.
"plateau tent"
"Plateau tent" is a kind of big tent that can play a role similar to hyperbaric oxygen chamber. This big tent has an oxygen circulation system. When electrified, the oxygen content in the tent is lower than the external environment. This big tent can simulate the plateau training environment on the plain. Altitude training can strengthen the heart and lung function of athletes, but usually after returning to the plain for about three weeks, the athletes' state will decline to varying degrees. The way to ensure the quality of altitude training and avoid the decline of state is to use "altitude tent".