Hedyotis diffusa [Hedyotis diffusa. )Roxb。 ] belongs to Willd. Rubiaceae. The taste is bitter and sweet, and it is warm and non-toxic. Into the heart, liver and spleen. Medically, it has the functions of clearing away heat and toxic materials, inducing diuresis to reduce swelling, promoting blood circulation and relieving pain. Indications for malignant tumor, appendicitis, hepatitis, bronchitis, tonsillitis, laryngitis, urinary system infection, pelvic inflammatory disease, adnexitis and other diseases; Topical treatment of sores, furuncles, carbuncles and poisonous snake bites. Modern Chinese medicine is clinically used to treat gastric cancer, esophageal cancer, intestinal cancer, uterine cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer and other cancers. Edit this paragraph | Go back to the top and dry the whole grass and twist it into a ball, grayish green to grayish brown. There are taproots, about 2 ~ 4 mm thick, slender fibrous roots, light grayish brown; The stem is thin and curly, brittle and easily broken, with white pith in the center. Leaves are broken, extremely dry and easy to fall off; Stipules, 1 ~ 2 mm long. Flowers are axillary. A slight breath, a faint taste. Harvest in summer and autumn, dry or use sparingly. Location: Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi and other places. There are still users of Hedyotis diffusa in Fujian and Guangxi, who belong to the same genus (see "Hedyotis diffusa"), Hedyotis filiformis (see "shrimp grass") and Hedyotis diffusa (see "tiger tongue"). Edit this paragraph | Back to the top, the taste is bitter with sweet and cold. ① Western medicine and Chinese medicine records: "It tastes bitter and sweet, but it is warm and nontoxic." ② Minnan Folk Herbs: "Bitter, flat and non-toxic." 3 "Quanzhou Materia Medica": "Sweet and slightly sour, cold in nature." ④ Guangdong Traditional Chinese Medicine II: "pungent, cold and non-toxic. "Edit this paragraph | Go back to the top of Guangxi TCM book:" Into the heart, liver and spleen. "Edit this paragraph | The function of clearing away heat, promoting diuresis and detoxifying is back to the top. Treat lung heat, asthma and cough, tonsillitis. Pharyngolaryngitis, appendicitis, dysentery, urinary tract infection, jaundice, hepatitis, pelvic inflammatory disease, adnexitis, carbuncle, furuncle, snake bite, tumor. It can also be used for digestive tract cancer. (1) Chaozhou annals and products annals: "Stem and leaf juice can cure appendicitis and all intestinal diseases." ② Guangxi TCM records: "Treating infantile malnutrition, poisonous snake bite and cancer. External use for treating white water blister sore and snake furuncle sore. ③ Minnan Folk Herbs: "Clearing away heat and toxic materials, diminishing inflammation and relieving pain." ④ Quanzhou Materia Medica: "Clearing away heat and removing blood stasis, eliminating carbuncle and detoxifying. Treat carbuncle, sore and abscess. It can also clear lung fire and purge lung heat. Treat lung heat, dyspnea, cough and chest tightness. ⑤ Guangxi Chinese herbal medicines: clearing away heat and toxic materials, promoting blood circulation and diuresis. Treat tonsillitis, pharyngolaryngitis, appendicitis, hepatitis, dysentery, urinary tract infection and infantile malnutrition. "Usage and dosage: decoction, 1 ~ 2 Liang; Or mash the juice. External use: tamping. Should avoid "Guangxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Records": "Pregnant women should use it with caution. "Edit this paragraph | Return to the top botany. This product is the whole grass of Hedyotis diffusa. [Hedyotis diffusa. )Roxb。 ] Hedyotis of Rubiaceae. Harvesting in summer and autumn, washing, fresh use or drying. Synonyms: Hedyotis diffusa, Hedyotis diffusa Bunge (Guangxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Records), Ophiopogon japonicus Hedyotis diffusa (Minnan Folk Herbal Medicine), Phyllostachys pubescens, Cynanchum bungeanum (Quanzhou Materia Medica), Eupatorium odoratum, Cynanchum bungeanum (Guangdong Traditional Chinese Medicine II), Snake Manager, Crane. Shuang Ye cymbal is the whole grass of the root of Hedyotis diffusa, a kind of madder. Annual herb, 15 ~ 50 cm tall. The stem is slender, slightly square or cylindrical, bald and hairless. Leaves opposite, shortly stipitate or sessile; Leaf blade linear to linear-lanceolate, length1~ 3.5cm, width1~ 3mm, leathery; Stipules membranous, sheath-like at the base, 1 ~ 2 mm long, with fine teeth at the top. Flowers solitary or 2 in leaf axils, sessile or subsessile; Calyx tubular, 4-lobed, with short bristles at the edge of lobes; Corolla funnelform, ca. 3 mm long. Pure white, apex 4-parted, bald and clean; Stamens 4; Ovary 2-loculed, stigma 2-lobed and hemispherical. Capsule, oblate, 2 ~ 3 mm in diameter, ventral dehiscence, persistent calyx. The seeds are brown and small. The flowering period is from July to September. Fruit-bearing period: August ~ 65438+ 10. Born on hillsides, roadsides and streams. Distributed in Yunnan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Anhui and other places. Because of the large dosage and the decrease of wild resources, artificial cultivation should be developed to meet the needs of drug use. Location: Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Anhui and other provinces. Note: Hedyotis corymbosa. [Hedyotis diffusa] belongs to the same plant and is also used as medicine for Hedyotis diffusa, with similar effects. Edit this paragraph | Go back to the top and separate the chemical constituents of the whole plant, such as decane, stigmasterol, ursolic acid, oleanolic acid, β-sitosterol, β-sitosterol -D- glucoside, p-coumaric acid, etc. Edit this paragraph | pharmacological action of huiding ① Anti-tumor effect has a strong inhibitory effect on acute lymphocytes, granulocytes, monocytes and chronic granulocyte tumor cells in vitro (methylene blue test tube method); When measured with Valsalva respirator, the first two drugs also have strong inhibitory effects. The extract has been used in the experimental treatment of S- 180 mice, Ehrlich ascites carcinoma and Yoshida sarcoma in rats, but it has no obvious anticancer effect. 0.5 ~ 1 g crude drug /ml can inhibit Yoshida sarcoma and Ehrlich ascites carcinoma in vitro (methylene blue test tube method), but the author thinks this is nonspecific. (2) Antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects In vitro, the antibacterial effect is not significant, but only has a weak effect on Staphylococcus aureus and Shigella. To observe the effects of decoction on phagocytosis of reticuloendothelial system and leukocyte in normal and artificial appendicitis rabbits, and think that its anti-inflammatory effect is caused by stimulating the proliferation of reticuloendothelial system and enhancing phagocytosis. Edit this paragraph | Back to the top to choose prescription ① Treatment of dysentery urethritis: Hedyotis diffusa one or two. Decoct with water. ("Fujian Chinese Herbal Medicine") 2 Treatment of jaundice: Hedyotis diffusa one to two. Get juice and honey. (Xiamen) ③ Treatment of acute appendicitis: Hedyotis diffusa, Ranunculus buttercup and Zanthoxylum nitidum. Decoct with water. (Guangdong's "Selected Prescriptions of Chinese Herbal Medicine") ④ Treatment of fever and insomnia in children: take a tablespoon of fresh snake tongue juice. ("Minnan Folk Herbs") ⑤ Treatment of sores, swelling, heat and pain: Wash the fresh snake tongue, mash it, and replace it after drying. ("Minnan Folk Herbs") 6 Treatment of poisonous snake bites: one to two ounces of fresh Hedyotis diffusa. Mash the juice or decoct it with water, and apply the residue to the wound. (Fujian Chinese Herbal Medicine) Edit this paragraph | Clinical application of huiding ① Hedyotis diffusa injection is used to treat children's pneumonia. Each time, 2ml (including 4g of crude drug active ingredient) is injected intramuscularly, and the baby is halved, twice a day, and the course of treatment is 5-7 days. After treatment 1 12 cases, 52 cases were cured, 25 cases were basically cured, 7 cases were improved 12 cases were ineffective, 6 cases died, and the average hospitalization time was 7.98 days. ② Appendicitis is decocted with fresh Hedyotis diffusa 65438 0 Liang (dry 5 yuan) twice a day. Children should be reduced. Severe symptoms can be increased to 2 ~ 3 levels. Individual patients with severe abdominal distension were treated with water needle or new needle, and those with severe poisoning symptoms were treated with rehydration and fasting. 19 cases were all cured, including acute appendicitis 12 cases and appendix abscess in 3 cases. Fever decreased in 8-9 days, with an average of 1.9 days and 3.3 days. Symptoms and signs disappeared in 3.2 days and 6 days respectively. 1 case recurred after 4 months of cure and was still cured by the same method. It is reported that fresh whole grass is used for 4 Liang (dry product 1 ~ 2 Liang) and decocted daily for 1 ~ 2 doses; Or make 100% injection for intramuscular injection, 2ml each time, twice a day, and 6 hours/kloc-0 in severe cases. Treating more than 50 cases of appendicitis (including acute appendicitis, subacute appendicitis and appendicitis complicated with peritonitis). Generally, the clinical symptoms disappeared within 2-3 days after taking the medicine, and she was discharged after 1 week. Acute appendicitis is the best. The curative effect of decoction is better than that of injection. It is also reported that 30 cases of acute and chronic appendicitis were treated with decoction orally. For simple patients with mild symptoms, Hedyotis diffusa was used only 1 ~ 2 days after onset. For those with severe symptoms and obvious systemic and local symptoms, Lygodium japonicum, Flos Chrysanthemi Indici or Eucalyptus leaves can be used together. Except for 2 cases of chronic appendicitis who were admitted to hospital for operation again, they all recovered and were discharged. The average hospitalization time was 4.2 days. ③ The treatment of accessory epididymal stasis after vasectomy can be improved by adding Hedyotis diffusa (decocted twice a day for 1, usually 3-4 weeks as a course of treatment, and the longest time is more than 10 weeks) on the basis of common spermatic cord blocking and traditional Chinese and western medicine treatment. Especially for simple epididymal stasis, the effect is more obvious. Preliminary observation 19 cases were treated by various methods, such as spermatic cord occlusion, physical therapy, intramuscular injection of chymotrypsin, analgesics, new needles, traditional Chinese medicine, antibiotics and hormones. Among them, 6 cases underwent vasectomy, 1 case underwent unilateral epididymectomy, and 2 cases underwent painful nodule resection, with unsatisfactory results. After adding Hedyotis diffusa, 3 cases of simple blood stasis in 10 basically disappeared, accessory testis became soft, and tenderness was reduced or disappeared. Symptoms improved in 7 cases, and accessory testicular tenderness was relieved; 9 cases were complicated with spermatic cord and epididymal inflammation, of which 6 cases were improved and 3 cases were ineffective. It is believed that Hedyotis diffusa can inhibit spermatogenesis, relieve epididymal stasis and eliminate inflammation, so it can receive therapeutic effect. However, the curative effect is not good for cases such as spermatic cord adhesion and accessory testicular granuloma. ④ To treat snake bite, take 5 yuan, boil it with half a catty of Chinese liquor for 3-5 minutes, remove the residue, take it orally for 2/3 times (1, 2-3 times a day), and apply it externally to the wound. When applying medicine, the poisonous blood of the wound should be sucked out first, then covered with sterile cotton pad after cleaning and disinfection, and then the dressing should be moistened with medicated wine (to keep it moist). If you can't drink, you can boil it with clear water, and then add a proper amount of white wine after boiling, but it is generally better to cook it with white wine. For patients with persistent edema, serious illness and wound infection, other Chinese herbal medicines and antibiotics should be added appropriately; For mild to moderate cases, this method can be used alone. According to the observation of 19 cases, it is generally cured after taking 3 ~ 6 doses. ⑤ Treatment of pelvic inflammatory disease and adnexitis: Hedyotis diffusa 1.5, Ardisia japonica 3. (Zanthoxylum nitidum), or Dioscorea nipponica 3 Liang. (Polygonum cuspidatum. ) for decoction, daily 1 dose. Of the 77 patients, 4 were ineffective and the rest were cured. In addition, 100% Hedyotis diffusa injection was injected intramuscularly, 2 ml each time, three times a day, to treat cervical cancer, gastric cancer and liver cancer 1 case, and the symptoms were improved to varying degrees. Hedyotis diffusa, Herba Artemisiae Scopariae and Herba Lysimachiae Christinae were used to treat cholelithiasis and other biliary diseases 10 cases, including abdominal pain, jaundice and fever in 9 cases, with an average remission of 2.2 days. After choledocholithotomy in 3 cases, the bile volume doubled, a large number of bile sediments were discharged, and the jaundice index gradually decreased, suggesting that Lidan mixture has obvious gallbladder-promoting and stone-removing effects. For intestinal carbuncle, it can be combined with Sargentodoxa and Patrinia herb. It can be combined with Flos Lonicerae and Fructus Forsythiae to treat sores, furuncles, swelling and toxicity. This product is used together with Gardenia, Cortex Phellodendri and Herba Artemisiae Scopariae to treat damp-heat jaundice. It can be used with cogongrass rhizome, plantain seed and tuckahoe to treat dysuria. Edit this paragraph | Back to the top to cultivate Hedyotis diffusa, which likes warm and humid environment; Not tolerant of drought, but also afraid of waterlogging. The requirements for soil are not strict, and loam with loose, fertile, good drainage and rich humus is better. Not suitable for planting in places that are too sticky or sandy and low-lying and easy to accumulate water. Generally, it is sown from early March to early April, and harvested from September to 65438+ 10. Dry products yield about 300 kilograms per mu. At present, the wholesale price of medicinal materials in the market is 60 ~ 7 yuan, and the converted output value per mu is about 1.5 million yuan. The key to cultivation is weeding, with less pests and diseases. It is estimated that the benefit per mu is more than RMB 1000. Practice point: 1. Seed propagation, direct seeding or seedling transplantation. The row spacing is15 ~ 20cm, and the plant spacing is10 ~15 ~ 20cm. Because the seeds are small, they are often mixed with soil when sowing. 2. Because the seeds are small and the top soil strength is weak, the seedlings grow slowly. After all the seedlings are planted or transplanted, 1 time should be used to loosen the soil and weed, but be careful not to damage the root system. After loosening the soil, dilute human and animal manure 1 times, per mu 1500 kg or urea 15 kg should be applied to promote the healthy growth of seedlings. Pay attention to weeding before closing the line, and always keep the field free of weeds to avoid grass shortage. Combine loosening soil at seedling stage with proper topdressing until the plants are densely planted. After the bank is closed, stop loosening the soil and fertilizing. 3. Water frequently after sowing to keep the soil moist, so as to facilitate the emergence of seedlings. In the rainy season and after each irrigation, excess water must be removed in time. The water demand at seedling stage is large, so it can be watered in sunny evening or early morning, and attention should be paid to drought resistance and seedling protection. It's time to stop watering the fruit. 4. Generally, after the fruit ripens in autumn from September to10, cut off the stems and leaves on the ground to remove impurities and dirt. When the fruit is semi-dry, it is tied into small bundles, and the product is obtained after the fruit is continuously and completely dried. The quality is dry, the stems and branches have fruit ears, and the color is green. Edit this paragraph | Return to the top therapeutic effect Hedyotis diffusa is bitter, slightly sweet and slightly cold; Entering lung, liver and stomach meridians; Has the effects of clearing away heat, promoting diuresis, detoxicating and resisting cancer; Indications: cough due to lung heat, sore throat, damp-heat jaundice, heat stranguria, edema, dysentery, enteritis, carbuncle, sore, poisonous snake bite and cancer.