Triangle maple is widely used in bonsai production because of its strong adaptability to the environment. With more and more people playing with triangle maple, it is difficult to find traces of ancient piles growing in the wild, and people with conditions begin to sow or cut down in their own open spaces to cultivate triangle maple. Playing with saplings is not only beneficial to environmental protection, but also can cultivate various types and shapes of bonsai because of its fast growth and large plastic space.
Triangle maple likes warm and humid climate and acid neutral soil. It is a tree species in warm area, with light and shade resistance, water and humidity resistance, strong germination and pruning resistance. On the surface, Acer truncatum grows fast, is easy to maintain and forms quickly, but in actual cultivation, "fast growth" also shows its disadvantages in some places. It takes at least 4 to 5 years to cultivate an excellent Acer negundo bonsai, and the longest is 10 year. The reason is that Acer negundo grows faster than other natural piles, and it takes more time and energy to control the growth of piles. Therefore, it is better to cultivate Acer negundo bonsai by diligent hands than by careful maintenance. If you want to cultivate an excellent Acer truncatum bonsai, you must take good care of it according to its characteristics, be diligent in coordination and control, broaden your thinking in creation and be meticulous in production.
First, the maintenance and management of triangle maple.
Triangle maple likes warm and humid climate and deep fertile soil with good drainage, and the requirements for soil are not strict. It is very important to establish an ideal place for the conservation of Acer truncatum Bunge. The maintenance site should be located in a place with relatively flat terrain or relatively high humidity, with good ventilation and sunshine, but avoid western sunshine. Planting Acer truncatum Bunge on the roof (it is not recommended to play Acer truncatum Bunge on the closed balcony) can be considered to be planted in a slightly larger pot, with more drainage at the bottom, and directly maintained in the sunny sand after planting. On the one hand, humidity can prevent Acer truncatum from dehydration in the roof environment, on the other hand, wet sand can induce "illegal roots" from the bottom of the pot and accelerate the growth of Acer truncatum. Regarding the cultivation of roof bonsai, I published an article entitled "Maintenance and Management of Roof Bonsai" in the headline, and introduced in detail the precautions and countermeasures for the maintenance of roof bonsai. Interested basin friends can learn about it.
The maintenance and management of bonsai is not limited to daily watering, fertilization, pest control and so on. And it is also very important for the early selection, pruning and rooting culture of some bonsai materials.
1, material selection in Acer truncatum cultivation. The purpose of material selection is to directionally cultivate and create different types of Acer truncatum bonsai materials. For example, when the root system of Acer truncatum seedlings is selected before planting, the root system characteristics of annual seedlings are basically revealed. The seedlings with uniform roots and good grounding are cultivated as bonsai types such as big trees and jungles, and some of them with partial roots and bent stems can be considered as bonsai types such as cliff basin and waterside. In short, the diversity of types should be considered in the selection of materials, which should be suitable for materials and cultivated for types.
2. Pruning in the cultivation of triangle maple. Early pruning is to speed up the growth of Acer truncatum, and some branches that affect the growth of Acer truncatum should be cut off in time, such as the thick side branches in the big tree. Early cutting can reduce the scar surface and correct the deviation of growth direction after stereotypes. In the seedling stage, the setting can also be controlled by hanging. For example, when making cliff bonsai, the angle between the root and the pole can be hung and fixed with aluminum wire at seedling stage. It is not recommended to use aluminum wire for seed dressing, because the triangle maple grows fast and is easy to entangle the wire, which affects the growth and hurts the bud point.
3. Root regulation in Acer truncatum cultivation. No root can make a scene, but a good root can make the tree stand. Describe the position and importance of roots in bonsai. The cultivation of triangle maple is first of all the cultivation of roots, but a potted triangle maple with good appearance finally has irreparable root defects, which is very regrettable. The root growth of Acer truncatum is very prominent in the cultivation period, so it is necessary to adjust the root growth in time during the two-year seedling rooting period, especially for bonsai with high rooting requirements. In March and April, Acer truncatum, which has been planted for more than two years, is selectively dug up, and the roots are appropriately shortened, and the fork roots and overlapping roots are cut off. After multiple cropping, more roots can grow at the incision, or new roots can be forced out at the rootless place. Although the method is troublesome, it is worthwhile for the follow-up practice to leave no future trouble.
Second, coordination and control in the cultivation of Acer truncatum
There is a lot of rain in spring, and Acer truncatum will enter a crazy period after winter dormancy. Triangle maple needs a lot of water in the growth process, but if the buds appear in early spring, too much rain or watering will be counterproductive. Too much water will make the branches of primary buds grow too long. Triangle maple, like docking Bai La, only germinates from the branches, and the long branches are not conducive to the future bonsai production and molding. Therefore, before germination in spring, it is necessary to control the amount of water on the ground or in the basin, and coordinate the relationship between conservation and control, that is, to ensure the healthy growth of Acer truncatum, and to suppress the unfavorable factors in growth. After the temperature begins to warm up in early spring, water as little as possible or not, and maintain proper humidity to make the triangle maple produce strong buds and short buds. In case of continuous rainy days when spring buds appear, it is necessary to do a good job of picking the bud heads of triangle maple. Shooting head is very effective for controlling the length of branches, and the operation is relatively simple. The key is to clip off the bud head with tweezers (ignoring the original short bud) when the bud just grows out and the new leaves are about to spread out, leaving only a pair of leaves for it to germinate again, and the new growth technology will be obviously shortened. Other seasons can also be used to pinch buds, but this operation should not be repeated in pursuit of short knots. Pinch buds according to tree type, tree potential and timing. Excessive inhibition is not conducive to the healthy growth of triangle maple.
Third, pruning in the cultivation of Acer truncatum bonsai.
In the whole cultivation of Acer truncatum Bunge, it is very important to trim branches in time. If you prune early, the cultivation time will increase. If the branches are cut late and the thickness exceeds the ideal thickness, they should be thinned. Sometimes, branches are completely cut off because they are too thick and will be reared again. When do you cut it? Personally, I think the pruning time of triangle maple should be different with different cultivation types. For example, cutting the jungle basin should be done sooner rather than later, because the branches of the jungle exceed the thickness, which will make the whole become uncoordinated and there is no more room for compensation. The only way is to cut down the main stem and raise it again. For some branches that grow slowly and take a lot of time to raise, such as big floating branches on big trees, branches on cliffs and near water can be pruned as late as possible to give them enough growth time. Pruning in the cultivation of Acer truncatum should also consider the influence of different environments and seasons on pruning. Trim the triangle maple as soon as possible during the crazy period and trim it in place at one time. After pruning in this period, the branches will sprout new branches quickly, and will drive the big branches to grow together and continue to thicken. Therefore, pruning should consider the subsequent growth factors, sooner rather than later, and generally cut off when the branches reach 2/3 of the ideal thickness. When Acer negundo enters the slow growth period or stops growing, pruning of big branches, especially the main branches and unsustainable branches, should be minimized.
Pruning or not is the result of comprehensive consideration in the cultivation of triangle maple. The cultivation of triangle maple needs to design or anticipate the formation of bonsai, including the type and size of bonsai, the direction and thickness of branches, etc. In the process of training, we should be aware of it, control it and try not to go back. For example, when the basic part of the main stem reaches the ideal thickness, the upper part is cut off at the transition position, and then cut to the upper part of the main stem for transitional cultivation. In this process, we should leave as many side branches as possible, most of which are used as sacrificial branches. When the main stem reaches the basic transitional thickness, it will be cut off and stored, and cut back and forth until the main stem is cultivated. In this process, the lateral branches should be maintained according to the design, and the growth of the lateral branches should be controlled in synchronization with the main stem. If it thickens too fast, it should be trimmed in time.
The key to pruning Acer truncatum bonsai is to master the coordination and control of Acer truncatum cultivation. In practice, we should be diligent in practice and accumulate more practical experience. Therefore, in a sense, Acer truncatum is a bonsai played by "hardworking" people, and "lazy people should not approach.
Fourth, the creative types and production methods of triangle maple bonsai.
Triangle maple is widely used in bonsai creation because of its fast growth, strong healing ability and developed root system. Ancient and strange piles excavated in Shan Ye are often made into big trees because of their beautiful trees. Their shapes are naturally mottled, giving people a far-reaching artistic conception. However, due to the limitation of resources and environmental protection, Shan Ye has been unable to adapt to the long-term development direction of bonsai. Playing with the saplings of Acer truncatum provides me with a broad space, which can broaden my creative thinking on bonsai.
There are many creative types of Acer truncatum bonsai. This paper only briefly introduces several common types of bonsai for seedling cultivation.
1, production of Acer truncatum jungle bonsai. According to the layout of the dense forest, choose Acer truncatum seedlings to plant together. You can use 3-5 trees in a cluster, and control the size and thickness of the trees during cultivation. After the basic molding, you can directly take the whole plant to the pot, and then buy the layout according to the designed jungle type. The advantage of this is that Acer truncatum seedlings can grow closer to the natural form, and the trees follow the law of the jungle. "Dense" means that trees depend on each other, "sparse" means that roots are connected, and trees set off each other and cooperate tacitly. Moreover, the root system of a single tree is independent and complete, which tends to be more natural as a whole, and its aesthetic feeling is difficult to achieve after a single tree is formed and combined. In addition, you can also tie the seedlings of Acer truncatum together and shape them. Within half a year, the roots of the triangle maple will grow together into a whole. After several years of careful cultivation, a pot of multi-pole Acer truncatum bonsai will be presented to you.
2. Rooting production of triangle maple. The root system of Acer truncatum is very developed, the most prominent performance is that the main root is thick and straight down, and the lateral roots are horizontally distributed. Roots dug out for more than 2 years are basically lignified and hardened. Therefore, the piles excavated in Shan Ye are common in octagonal roots, which are used for big trees, but rarely used for root lifting. It is the best way to cultivate bonsai with Acer truncatum seedlings. There are many ways to cultivate and raise roots, the most common one is to cultivate with pvc water pipes. The specific cultivation method is to plant 1- 12-year-old seedlings in water pipes. Before planting, break the north pipe and seal it with iron wire (convenient for adjusting the root system in the future). The length of the water pipe depends on the height of the potted plant that needs to be rooted. Before planting, the water pipe is filled with the mixed humus soil, and the seedlings are planted in it, and then the water is poured enough. When watering, hold the seedlings with your hands to replenish the soil falling with the water. The water pipes for planting Acer truncatum can be buried underground (buried 10- 15 cm) or in flowerpots. This method is simple in cultivation and quick in rooting, but the disadvantage is that the roots grow too stiff in the tube and lack natural beauty. Generally, the roots of the seedlings planted in spring have basically been planted in the ground or flowerpots in that year 10, and the roots are still soft at this time. The water pipe can be removed to adjust the root for the first time, so that the root becomes flexible and natural. After 2 13 years, the root length will be coarsely formed, and the water pipes will be completely dismantled, but the soil cannot be dismantled immediately. If you rush, too many capillary roots will be exposed, which will cause damage to the stump. In order to gradually adapt the root system to the external environment, it is best to let it fall off naturally in rain or water erosion. After the roots are completely exposed, the roots should be trimmed, redundant or necrotic roots should be removed, and the roots should be adjusted again according to the trend of roots (stems) and tops. It is simple and effective to cultivate triangle maple with water pipes, but it takes time to sharpen a pot of triangle maple with roots into a good bonsai with roots.
Most types of root lifting are roots rather than rods, and roots rather than rods need a transition and smooth posture change.
It is necessary to constantly trim and adjust the upper and lower roots (poles) in order to achieve the unity of the top roots (poles) and make the tree elegant and natural.
3. The attached stone production of triangle maple. There are similarities and differences between Tiegen bonsai and Attached Stone bonsai. The shape of the stone-attached bonsai is dominated by trees, and at the same time, the strange stones are appreciated, which embodies the beauty of combining rigidity with softness and the perfect beauty of combining dynamic and static. Teagen mainly embodies the beauty of the strength of roots and the elasticity of music. The main feature of stone bonsai is that trees and stones are closely combined, integrated, and set each other off. Triangle maple has strong healing ability, so it has obvious advantages to use triangle maple in the modeling of stone-pasted bonsai. The shape of triangle maple sticking to stone is very ideal from the beginning of seedling, because triangle maple is soft in seedling stage. First, the envisaged trend of combining trees and stones can be completed. Second, it completely simulates the process of sticking stones in the natural state, with few artificial traces; Third, the growth process is conducive to the control of local modeling. The actual modeling operation of bougainvillea can be carried out from April to July every year, because this stage is the time when bougainvillea has the fastest juice flow and the strongest healing ability, and the success rate of bougainvillea is relatively high. In the operation, the triangle maple is bound with the selected stone according to the idea of sticking stones, and it is best to choose hemp rope as the binding material (hemp rope does not damage the bark, and the tree can naturally fall off when it grows up), choose a semi-shady position, and properly shade it at the beginning of planting. When the triangle maple grows obviously, it can be watered and fertilized normally. In the early days, the management of bonsai of bougainvillea was mainly to thicken the trees and make them closely combined with stones. In cultivation, more sacrificial branches can be left, and some branches with key shapes should be controlled diligently, leaving room for future shapes.
Compared with other bonsai with stones, the combination of trees and stones is more perfect and natural, especially the colorful colors of leaves against the strange stones.