Brief introduction of Kirin
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Kirin, also known as "Kirin" or "Lin" for short, is an animal in the ancient legend of China, which is also called "four spirits" with phoenix, turtle and dragon. Known as the sacred beastmaster. It is the mountain of God.
Kirin, an animal, was created by mixing thoughts according to the way of thinking of China people. Judging from its external shape, it is characterized by moose body, oxtail, horseshoe shape (called "wolf's hoof" in history books), fish scale skin, horns with meat at the corners and yellow. This model is a new combination after dismembering many real animals. It concentrates all the advantages of these precious animals on Kirin, a fictional god beast, which fully embodies the concept of "Jimei" of China people.
"Kirin" takes "deer" as the radical. When the ancients coined the word, they clearly told people that Kirin evolved from deer, but it was by no means a deer, with more parts and equipment than deer. It is said that its body is like a raccoon, and it can also be written as an owl, which is called roe for short in ancient books; There is a cow's tail, a round head, but only one horn. Some say that Qi is a man and Lin is a woman, and their shapes are slightly different. But it is said that the beginning of Qijia is roughly like a deer. It was regarded as a god beast and a benevolent beast by the ancients. Its life span is very long, it can live for two thousand years. Can spit fire, sound like thunder. Caterpillar 360, unicorn long.
Related records
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Han Xu Shen's "Shuo Wen Jie Zi" X: "Qi, benevolence and beast, oxtail corner; Hey (Lin), hey. " Duan Yucai wrote a cloud: "Like a owl, it has horns, wears meat, and is prepared for danger, so it is benevolence." ..... According to the method of Ji Xiang: "The unicorn is called Qi, and the scorpion is called Lin. ..... Xu Yunren's beast, said by the ram, does not breed insects or break grass. " The ancient unicorn or Jane Lin Yue was salty and auspicious. "Book of Rites" Li Yun: "The unearthed pottery cart, hippopotamus map and phoenix unicorn are all in the suburbs." He also said, "When the wind blows, the dragon returns, which is called the Four Spirits."
Related customs
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Kirin is an auspicious animal. It is peaceful and long-lived. Deer itself is an animal trainer, strong and good at running, which is of great benefit to people. The legendary special god of Bailuyuan. There is a folk saying that Kirin sends children. Kirin is mainly deer, which has the characteristics of cattle, sheep and horses. Its comprehensive aspects are not as extensive as those of Longfeng, but its reputation is not small. The study of Kirin is not as popular as that of Longfeng culture. It is not clear who its original author is and where it came from. Some scholars speculate that it may be the ancestor of Zhou people, because Zhou people originally lived in the northwest, when the northwest was rich in aquatic plants and suitable for the growth of deer.
In slave society and feudal society, the dragon and phoenix were seized by the supreme ruler, losing the original meaning of totem synthesis and becoming the symbol of the emperor and queen of the supreme ruler. Kirin, with good nature, has been squeezed into the people in the power competition, and the people expect it to bring good years, good fortune, long life and beauty.
14 19, Zheng He returned to Nanjing with a giraffe presented by King Marin. Because the giraffe looks like the auspicious thing in China folklore: Kirin, and the people of China knew little about giraffes at that time, everyone agreed that the giraffe given by King Marin was Kirin.
Lin is also used as the official costume of the imperial court. The boudoir emblem of Yipin Guan in Qing Dynasty is decorated with Kirin, which shows that its position is second only to that of dragon. In the Qing Dynasty, only royalty were qualified to wear the dragon symbol. The emperor was Huanglong and Zilong, and the prince, elder brother, Baylor and Beizi were all dragons.
1, Kirin is a mythical animal in legend and may not exist in real life;
Kirin is second only to dragon in all animals. In the ancient legend of China, Kirin, dragon and phoenix, and tortoise were combined into four spirits, and they were the king of the hairy beast.
Kirin is a godsend of ordinary people. There is a folk saying that "Kirin sends a child". It is said that Confucius was sent by Kirin.
Kirin is produced by scattered stars, so the main auspicious animal is one of the most famous auspicious animals. Kirin contains benevolence and righteousness. In the ancient culture of China, there are many legends about the rise and fall of emperors and Kirin.
Kirin, like phoenix, is hermaphrodite and Qi is male. The forest is female, and the moose's body, oxtail, fish scales and feet are even-hoofed (but there is also the saying that Kirin has five toes). She has a horn on her head and meat on it.
6. Kirin was a common mascot in ancient China. Historically, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty built the Qilin Pavilion in Weiyang Palace, painted heroic images as a reward, and showed the world his love for talents.
7. Kirin is also widely used in official clothes. The boudoir emblem of Yipin Guan in Qing Dynasty is decorated with Kirin, which shows that its position is second only to that of dragon. In the Qing Dynasty, only royalty were qualified to wear the dragon symbol. The emperor was Huanglong and Zilong, and the prince, elder brother, Baylor and Beizi were all dragons.
8. Kirin may be a giraffe? In the Ming Dynasty, Zheng He brought back giraffes from Africa after returning from the Western Ocean. At that time, the Ming people had never seen such a large animal that only produced in savanna, and thought it was a unicorn! This is why the friends above say that Kirin is a giraffe! The word "Kirin" means giraffe in Japan.
9. Kirin is also found in the western world, but it looks like a horse with long horns. In the Old Testament, unicorns are often mentioned in Hebrew legends. Many people have seen the famous Japanese cartoon "saint seiya the Saint", in which there is a bronze warrior who looks like saint seiya, the guardian warrior of Tianma constellation, and has similar armor, that is, the Kirin constellation.
10, you can still see the image of Kirin. At present, the most famous unicorn image in China is the unicorn in the tomb of Nanjing Southern Dynasties. There are many kinds of god beasts guarding Xiangrui in the tombs of the Southern Dynasties, but they all evolved from the image of unicorns. Outside the Zhongshan Gate in Nanjing, there is a sculpture, which is a symbol of Nanjing and is based on the Xiaoling Mausoleum of the Southern Dynasties outside Nanjing. This sculpture is luxuriantly decorated, and its body tends to the image of liger. It is carved from huge stones, and its height is about 3 meters. The sculpture has a chest and a waist, the eyes are really open, the neck is short and wide, and the animal's body decoration is very decorative, with a strong sense of body and thick. On the basis of attaching importance to the whole sense, it pays more attention to exaggeration and deformation, making it look magnificent and lively.
1 1. Kirin, because of its profound cultural connotation, has been made into various ornaments for underage children to wear in traditional folk etiquette in China. Have the intention of blessing and security. For example, in the thirty-first and thirty-second chapters of the classic Dream of Red Mansions, there is a lot of space to write "Because of Kirin, Whitehead and Double Star". The Kirin here is not only the amulet of Shi Xiangyun, but also the token of her marriage. In Huangmei Opera "Female Ma Xu", a pair of jade kylins also represent the testimony of love. The heroine and the hero were blocked by the decision of the woman's parents. The heroine gave the hero a jade unicorn, vowing that "life and death will remain the same, as evidenced by the cool breeze and bright moon, a pair of jade unicorns will be separated." This unicorn will be given to you, and this unicorn will stay in the body. Unicorns are paired and are not allowed to relax. " When the two sides broke through many obstacles, they finally got married, "Kirin in pairs, Wan Nianhong, bloom". On that big night, Kirin finally became a couple.
Xi harvest forest
The "Western Expedition for Forest Hunting" took place in Konosawa, the western border of Shandong Province, at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period. Its written history can be found in the earliest chronicle Spring and Autumn Annals in China during the Warring States Period, and it is also recorded in Gong Yanggao's Biography of Ram and Gu Liangchi's Biography of Gu Liangchi. Zuo Qiuming, a contemporary of Confucius, wrote in Volume 12 of Zuo Zhuan: In the spring of the fourteenth year of Ai Gong, he went hunting in Xiao Ye, and his uncle got a car key dealer, who thought it was unlucky to give it to others. Zhong Ni said, "Ye Lin". "History of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty" contains: In the thirty-ninth year of the week, when he took office in Xiao Ye, his uncle, a minister and key businessman, got a beast, including a deer body, an oxtail and a horseshoe, with meat horns on his head, so he killed it strangely. Confucius sighed: "The benevolent beast, the forest also, it also comes", so that his disciples were buried. Although the History of Eastern Zhou Dynasty is a historical novel, the contents recorded are basically the same as those in historical books, and it is by no means empty. "Historical Records Confucius Family" contains: In the spring of Lu Aigong's fourteenth year, his uncle Sun Shi's car dealer got a beast, which was considered ominous. Zhong Ni thought it was "Yelin" and took it. He also noted in Xie Ji and Justice: "Xiao Ye, the name of Mi, is a common land paved by Lutian, and it is also right to build this giant field." "Yanzhou Fu Li Zhisheng Zhi" contains: "In the spring of the thirty-ninth year of the week (the fourteenth year of mourning for the public), I went west to hunt in Xiao Ye. Uncle's key dealer won Lin. " "Fold his left foot to return it. Uncle Sun Shi thought it was ominous, so he gave up the country and asked Confucius, "Who has elk and horns? "? Confucius said to the viewer: Ye Lin, Hu Wei is coming! Wipe your face back and you will cry. Uncle Sun Shi smelled it and took it away. Zi Gong asked, Master, why are you crying? Confucius said: Lin is a wise man. When I see harm, I will harm it. "
199 1 published the article "Talking about Kirin with Knowledge of Literature and History", which recorded that "Lin" was first recorded in ancient books in China, including the Spring and Autumn Annals and the Book of Songs. "Spring and Autumn Annals is famous for its rigorous records, and its speech is never bizarre, powerful or chaotic, or there is nothing that God does not have, let alone nonsense. Another example is Compilation of Chronicles, Zhi Yi Zhi Outline, Cao Nan Wen Shu Zhi, Cao Zhou Fu Zhi and Juye County Zhi. " Hunting in the West took place in the year 39 of Gengshen, Zhou (the 14th year of Spring and Autumn), and Confucius' book Spring and Autumn was just published in this year. At this time, Confucius was seventy-one years old and had stopped writing books. This fully proves that the story of "Confucius alone" that Juye is still circulating is true. Objectively speaking, Confucius is old and has poor energy. But subjectively speaking, being worried is also an important reason. According to legend, in 55 BC1year (in the 22nd year of Lu Aigong), Yan Zai, the mother of Confucius, was pregnant, prayed at Niqiu Mountain and met Kirin to give birth to Confucius. When Confucius was born, his head looked a bit like a mud hill, so he was named Zhong Ni, the word Kong Qiu. Confucius was born in the forest and died in it. He thought it was ominous and immediately wrote an elegy for Kirin: "Tang Yu's world is full of happiness, so what else can he ask for now?" "I'm worried about Linlin." Confucius was very sad because of his anxiety and the early death of his only son, Kong Li. Finally, in the sixteenth year of Lu Aigong (BC
In 479), died. After the death of Confucius, the story of Lin Daizuo winning the prize was widely circulated. Li Bai, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote a poem in "Ancient Poetry", which said, "I hope the saints will stand still, and I won't get it again."
Later, in order to commemorate the story of "Hunting the Forest in the Western Expedition", people built the Kirin Terrace, also known as Lintai, which was called Delin Tomb in ancient times. The building is located in Dawa, seven kilometers east of Juye City, east of Chenhuzhuang in Qilin Town and north of Houfeng Bridge. It is a key cultural relic protection unit at the county level. Located in Lu Aigong, this station is 73 meters long from east to west and 52 meters wide from north to south, covering an area of 3,800 square meters. There were several original Tang Dynasty stone tablets here, which were destroyed by years of oblivion. In the 14th year of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty, Jining Prefecture sentenced Zhang Jiuxu to rebuild a unicorn monument and stand beside Caoji Highway. The inscription and date signature on the monument still exist. "Hunting for Forest in the Western Expedition" is famous all over the country. Some states, counties, townships and villages were named after this, such as Linzhou in the Tang Dynasty, Jiaxiang County to the east of Juye, Baolinbao (township) and Jilin Ji to the east of Juye.
In ancient times, dragons, phoenixes, turtles and forests were regarded as gods, and capturing them in the west became an important content of literati's works. Du Yu, a general and historian in Jinnan, wrote "Notes on Zuo Zhuan in the Spring and Autumn Period": "Lin is a benevolent beast and Jia Rui is a holy king". Han Yu, a great writer in the Tang Dynasty, said in "Discussion" (Note): "There is meat in one corner of the forest, so you should be prepared without harming it." "You must swim in the mud, and you will be behind. You won't live in insects or practice grass. The king has a position, and the phoenix, turtle and dragon are also called the four spirits. " Because Kirin is one of the Four Spirits, some historical stories, such as Qilin Shu, Story, Lin Tai Story in Song Dynasty, and Qilin Pavilion of Li Yu in Qing Dynasty, all take Kirin as the title or content. Another example is the year number of ancient emperors or ancient buildings and place names, and the word Erh Lin is often used as an auspicious symbol. Liu Bang, Emperor Gaozu, called Weiyang Palace Qilin Hall, and Xuan Di, Emperor Gaozu, called Qilin Pavilion. In the fourth year of Tang Gaozu's military service, taking advantage of the Western Expedition, he set up Linzhou in Juye. Tang Gaozong called it "Linde" and Wuhou called it "Lin Tai". In the four years of Tang Dezong's Dali period, Kirin Terrace erected a monument. In the seventh year after Jin Dynasty, Jiaxiang County was established in Shankou Town, Juye County (now Dashantou area of Jiaxiang County). In the sixteenth year of Zhiyuan, Lin Feng Pavilion was built in the north of Juye County. In the second year, from Yuan Wenzong to Shunshun, Fan Xun wrote Juye County and rebuilt Lin Fengting. In the Ming Dynasty, Fang Shifen, the magistrate of Juye, built Rui Lin Temple in Qilintai. Rui Lin Temple is built on a grand scale. According to local legend, the whole temple occupied an area of 100 mu, with 100 monks and dozens of tenants. There are shops, stone mills, vegetable gardens, salt beds and car workshops near the temple, which is obviously a self-sufficient economic unit. In the south of Rui Lin Temple, there is a small river called Bali River, which flows from east to west. There are Liu Chengxing, flowing water and countless fish on the shore. There is a ferry on the south bank of the river, which is "crossing the ancient forest" mentioned in Juye County Records. Every spring, the weather is warm, birds are singing and flowers are fragrant, and noble businesses, men, women and children come here for sightseeing in an endless stream. Unfortunately, due to the war at the end of Chongzhen in Ming Dynasty, the whole temple became a virtual market. Today, what we can see is this grassy earthen platform.
In the thirty-first year of the Southern Song Dynasty (after the first year of Yan Hongyong), Xin Qiji, a 21-year-old patriotic poet, took part in the anti-gold war and improvised a five-character poem:
Beginning in the Spring and Autumn Period, the brushwork is a classic old record. The barren platform once built Lu, but the weeds did not burn Qin.
The lush mountains and rivers are beautiful, and the lush scenery is new. Bian Wei continued? The book tape has been infected.
Sun Bin, a poet in Ming Dynasty, wrote a five-character poem when he swam to Lingudu, saying:
Old friends have accumulated cold smoke, and they are ashamed to shine. The spring and autumn are sad, and the world cries for several years.
Lu's change, encounter obstacles, and the cycle will decline unexpectedly. It is a masterpiece so far, and the real meaning is more about inheritance.
Kirin culture is a traditional folk culture in China. For example, having children with Kirin is an ancient fertility folk custom in China. According to legend, Kirin is a kind beast, a symbol of good luck and can bring children to people. According to legend, on the eve of Confucius' birth, a unicorn spat a jade book at his home, which said "the watery son is the king of decline", meaning that he has the virtue of an emperor and does not occupy his position. Although it is said in latitude, it is actually the basis of "Kirin sending a child", which is contained in Wang Chong's Lun Heng Ding Xian and Jia's Notes on Picking Up the Legacy. Folks have the reputation of "son of Kirin" and "son of forest". In the Northern and Southern Dynasties, people often called smart and lovely boys "my Kirin". Since then, "Kirin has sent pictures." As a woodcut, it is a good omen to engrave the couplet "Kirin in the sky, Lang on the ground as the champion". It is generally believed that worshipping Kirin can give birth to children. Tang Du Fu's Song of Summer Xu's Two Sons: "Don't you see Summer Xu's two sons?" Inducing auspicious dreams followed. Confucius gave the stone family, not the unicorn in the sky. China's national customs recorded in Hu Pu 'an. "Hunan" quoted "Changzhi New Age Folk Poetry": "It is also strange for a woman to be surrounded by dragons. A real dragon is not as good as a paper dragon, but it can send a child to the forest. " Original note: "If a woman is barren for many years, every time a dragon lantern comes home, she will be given a seal instrument to surround her with a dragon body once, and the dragon body will be shortened and she will ride around the hall once, which is called the gift of Qi Lin." According to Lin Qiqi, it belongs to the dragon, that is, the person who replaces Qijia with the dragon lantern.
Juye is the hometown of Kirin, and Juye people have a special liking for Kirin. In Juye, there are many folk relics about Kirin. Poems and songs depicting Kirin, calligraphy and paintings depicting Kirin, and carved inscriptions commemorating Kirin are numerous among Juye folk. There are countless people and things named after Lin in Juye in past dynasties. In 2007, Juye was named as the hometown of Kirin culture in China, and Juye ushered in an opportunity to develop Kirin culture.
Qilin songzi
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China's ancient fertility folk custom. A way to pray for children. According to legend, Kirin is a kind beast, a symbol of good luck and can bring children to people. According to legend, on the eve of Confucius' birth, there was a jade book written by Kirin at home, which said, "The watery son is declining, but he is king", meaning that he has the virtue of an emperor and does not occupy his position. Although it is said in latitude, it is actually the basis of "Kirin sending a child", which is contained in Wang Chong's Lun Heng Ding Xian and Jia's Notes on Picking Up the Legacy. Folks have the reputation of "son of Kirin" and "son of forest". In the Northern and Southern Dynasties, people often called smart and lovely boys "my Kirin". Since then, "Kirin has sent pictures." As a woodcut, it is a good omen to engrave the couplet "Kirin in the sky, Lang on the ground as the champion". It is generally believed that worshipping Kirin can give birth to children. Don Du Fu's Song of Summer Xu's Two Sons: "It's strange that you haven't seen Summer Xu's two sons?" Inducing auspicious dreams followed. "Confucius, Shi Shi, gave him a hug, not a unicorn in the sky." Hu Pu 'an's Records of China Ethnic Customs. "Hunan" quoted "Changzhi New Age Folk Poetry": "It is also strange for a woman to be around dragons." A real dragon is not as good as a paper dragon. It can be a forest to send children. "Original note:" If a woman is barren for many years, every time a dragon lantern comes home, she is given a seal to surround her with a dragon body, and the dragon body is shortened, and she rides a child around the hall for a week, which is called the gift of Qi Lin. "According to Lin Qiqi, it belongs to the dragon, and it is this person who replaced the terms with dragon lanterns.
Forever mascot
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Kirin, also known as "Kirin", is an ancient legendary animal in China. Together with phoenix, turtle and dragon, it is also called "four spirits", ranking first among the four spirits. In the Book of Rites, there are "pottery carts, hippos and phoenix kylins unearthed in the suburbs" ("coconut" is the same as "marsh"). Among the numerous folklores in China, although there are not many stories about Kirin, they truly reflect its unique preciousness and spirituality everywhere in people's lives.
Although Kirin is an imaginary animal created by ancient people in China, it is always so vivid and deeply rooted in people's hearts in real life. Whether as an ideological form or as a materialized form, Kirin has long been shown as an auspicious image, which not only reflects the psychological status of Kirin in the hearts of China people, but also embodies the profound thought of "the unity of man and nature". This belief in supernatural things is far from the development of fetishism. Kirin will be the eternal mascot of China people's life.
Qilin culture
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First, the creation of Kirin and China people's thought of "Jimei"
Kirin, an animal, was created by mixing thoughts according to the way of thinking of China people. Judging from its external shape, it is characterized by moose body, oxtail, horseshoe shape (called "wolf's hoof" in history books), fish scale skin, and meat at one corner and corner end, which is yellow. This model is a new combination after dismembering many real animals. It concentrates all the advantages of these precious animals on Kirin, a fictional god beast, which fully embodies the concept of "Jimei" of China people.
The so-called "Jimei", in layman's terms, is the embodiment of concentrating all the beautiful things on one thing. This concept is the goal and desire that China people have been pursuing in the spiritual and material world for thousands of years. Therefore, it makes sense for Kirin to combine deer, cattle, horses, fish and other auspicious animals.
Deer worship belongs to primitive animal worship in China and was a symbol of emperors in ancient times. At the same time, it is also included in the category of theology and political science. "Song Shu Fu Ruizhi" says: "Bailuyuan, Wang will benefit from it." "Ruiying Picture" also said: "If Wang inherits the teachings of sages and has nothing to lose, White Deer will come." Later, when people worshipped immortals, white deer was regarded as a sacred animal in the immortal family. Mongolians in ancient China worshipped white deer. In the Secret History of Mongolia, there are myths and legends about the birth of Bailuyuan God. Manchu has a myth of deer god. Among the Oroqen, Ewenki and Hezhe who raise reindeer, deer is often the god of shaman wizards, who think shaman often appears in the shape of deer. Even shaman witchcraft firmly believes that the true soul of shaman can be turned into a battle between deer and body. If the deer wins, the life of shaman will be over. In the folk, deer also appears as a long-lived beast, which is used to express the theme of celebrating and praying for life on many occasions. In addition, deer and "deer" are homophonic, symbolizing good luck.
Cattle went to the altar in ancient times and became an indispensable sacred object in sacrificial activities. According to folklore, cattle are gods sent by heaven to help mankind. It cultivated silently in the fields, bringing material wealth to mankind, and its dedication also gave human spiritual wealth. Cattle worship is very common among people of all ethnic groups in China. There is bull worship in the northwest and many buffalo worship in the south. According to historical records, during the Warring States period, there was a Nut Temple in Qin State, which was the earliest recorded worship of cattle in ancient times. China's Naxi, Tajik, Uygur, Kazak, Kirgiz, Salar, Hani and other ethnic minorities regard cows as creatures. Miao, Tujia, Buyi, Dong, Bai, Ewenki and Dai also have the custom of offering sacrifices to sacred cows.
Horses are regarded as intelligent, loyal, brave and hardworking animals with noble, elegant and noble temperament. In the Book of Changes, the horse symbolizes heaven, that is, "doing things for heaven". Horse worship is popular among nomadic people and hunting people whose main motive force is horses in northern China. There are many records about the ritual of offering sacrifices to the horse god and the construction of Ma Chong Temple in the literature of Qing Dynasty. In addition, in ancient times, white horses were often sacrificed to heaven, and the teacher swore an oath. They think that the white horse belongs to Yang and is driven by the gods. The green ox belongs to yin and is enjoyed by the land god. Mongolian, Oroqen, Ewenki and other ethnic groups all have the custom of choosing what gods to worship when offering sacrifices to gods or protecting gods by livestock. This kind of god horse is not allowed for women to ride, but can be eaten everywhere, not allowed to drive away, and even can eat young crops in the field at will. Shenma chooses full white, full tail and full mane, never trims it, and often ties colorful silk threads at the end of the mane as a mark.
Fish, as an aquatic animal, its scales are cherished as auspicious and beautiful decorations, and "fish scale brocade" is a traditional auspicious pattern. Fish worship is widely spread among the Han, Manchu, Tibetan, Mongolian, Bai, Hani, Wa and other ethnic groups in China, and there are stories of fish carrying the earth in many myths. The world image on the silk paintings of Han tombs unearthed in Mawangdui, Hunan Province also puts the earth on two huge fish. Fish is homophonic with "fish" and becomes a symbol of a rich and happy life.
The ancient Chinese creatively combined the above auspicious animals to construct the image of Kirin, which accords with the psychological acceptance and artistic appreciation cultivated for a long time.
Second, Kirin and the inheritance of Confucianism
Kirin, in legend, has been endowed with excellent quality. For example, it is called a "benevolent beast" because it is docile in nature, does not cover insects, does not break grass, has horns on its head and meat on its horns. Zhao of Xiliang said in "Kirin Fu": "The hoof angle is round and the walking is regular. You must choose a place to swim, and you must be in the back. You won't fall into a trap or fall into a trap. " Fu Ruizhi, a book in the Song Dynasty, said, "Benevolence, no drinking pool, no into the pit trap, no snare." "Shuo Yuan" also has the following words: "Benevolence, gentle tone, regular steps, moderate twists and turns, choosing soil before practice, being flat and backward, not living in groups, not traveling far, full of troubles, and asking quietly." Record. It embodies the modesty of Kirin's kind gentleman. The reason why Kirin worship can be accepted by the general public and the ruling class in its development and inheritance is precisely because this kind of "benevolent animal" quality conforms to China's ethics and Confucianism for thousands of years.
Confucianism was founded by Confucius, a great thinker and educator in the late Spring and Autumn Period in China. As far as its purpose, function, purpose and structure are concerned, it can be said that it is a school with moral education as its core, which has played a great positive role in the development of China culture and world culture. The core of Confucianism is "benevolence", which can be said to be the fundamental and highest moral criterion of Confucian ethics. Its main purpose is "love", that is, "I have tried my best to stand up and become a person, and I have tried my best to achieve it." "Don't do to others what you don't want them to do to you." According to Confucianism, people are human because they have a "caring heart", and whether people should be respected and reused is determined by the moral standard of "loving others".
Confucianism is the dominant ideology of China's traditional culture. During the Warring States period, Confucianism and Mohism were also called "outstanding scholars". Qin Shihuang unified the world with legalist theory and burned books to bury Confucianism, which dealt a serious blow to Confucianism, but the Qin Dynasty "died the next year". At the beginning of the Han Dynasty, Huang Lao's learning was highly praised, and Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty listened to Dong Zhongshu's suggestion, deposed hundreds of schools and respected Confucianism alone. As a result, Confucianism formally occupied the dominant position. Metaphysics prevailed in Wei and Jin Dynasties. Although Ji Kang openly advocated "not Tang Wu but thin Zhou Li", metaphysics still respected Confucius as the highest saint. During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Buddhism flourished and Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism were respected at the same time, but the political statutes were still Confucianism. The rise of Neo-Confucianism in the Song Dynasty restored the authoritative position of Confucianism and was respected by the rulers throughout the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. Until the May 4th period, Confucianism was severely criticized, and the ideological era in which Confucianism dominated came to an end, and the pattern of Confucianism's exclusive respect was gone forever. However, the dominant position and far-reaching influence of Confucianism in traditional culture are unparalleled.
In folklore, Kirin is also closely related to Confucius, the founder of Confucianism. It is said that on the night of Confucius' birth, there was a family in the Confucius Palace where Kirin came, and a jade book was spit out, which said, "The watery son is five weeks old and seeks wisdom." Words. It tells everyone that Confucius is an extraordinary man and a descendant of nature. Although he is not an emperor, he has the virtue of an emperor and is called "the king of elements". Confucius' family tied a colorful embroidery on the corner to show their gratitude. In the last years of Zhou Wangjing, when someone was digging a plow in Qufu, they dug up colored embroidery originally tied in a rare place. Later, three volumes of jade books were derived, and Confucius became a saint after intensive reading. Today, the Confucius Temple is decorated with books to show the auspicious arrival and birth of sages.
In the era of Confucius' life, "the conquest of rites and music came from princes", and the ceremony collapsed and the society was restless. Legend has it that when you see Kirin in the countryside, you are despised. Confucius lamented that Kirin's "untimely birth" marked the end of the world and the poverty of philosophers. Spring and Autumn Annals was written here, so it is also called "Lin Shi" and "Lin Jing".
Thirdly, the auspicious significance of Kirin and the profit-seeking nature of human beings.
Every nation and every region has its own culture, which is deeply hidden and does not show its own national and folk characteristics in many aspects. Different nationalities and races also make human beings have certain differences in appearance and skin color. However, people of different nationalities and races have some common basic physiological and psychological characteristics. The theory of the same basic psychological characteristics of human beings is called "the theory of the same mind and nature" in academic circles. One of them is the desire for profit.
The "profit" of the profit-seeking mentality cannot be narrowly understood as interest and money. It refers to everything that is beneficial to human beings. It is the psychological characteristics that human beings yearn for, pursue auspiciousness and happiness, and hope that everything will develop in a direction that is beneficial to them, and often explain the development of things that are beneficial to them or give them characteristics that are beneficial to them. Throughout the ages, people who have existed and existed, no matter what nationality or culture, have such psychology. No one yearns for disasters and disasters, and no one wants everything to develop in a direction that is not conducive to them. The teachings of Christianity and Buddhism require people to endure suffering and abstinence, with the aim of getting rid of original sin, getting rid of the frontier and guiding people into heaven or paradise, which embodies this profit-seeking nature. Kirin worship also has such a mind. Just like the "happy ending" put forward by China's narrative literature works in the reflection on traditional culture. This is also the main reason why Kirin has been circulating for a long time.
Legend has it that Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty once won a unicorn. In October of the first year of Yuanshou (BC 1 League Year), Emperor Xingyong visited the five halls and won the title of "Bai Lin", which was sung by Emperor Xiangrui. Therefore, the original name of Yuan Shuo was changed to Yuan Shou to show good luck. In addition, he also built the Kirin Pavilion (filial piety system) and gave the minister platinum. In the third year of Ganlu (5 1 year BC), Emperor Gaozu painted the images of Huo Guang, Zhang Anshi, Han Zeng,, Bingji, Du Yannian,, He, Xiao and Su Wu 1 1 to show his contribution. Later generations often use "Kirin Pavilion" or "Lin Pavilion" to express outstanding achievements and the highest honor. It is also said that Song Taizong also won the Kirin, and the Manchu Dynasty congratulated him. It can be seen that the auspicious meaning of Kirin has been widely recognized.