In recent years, surgery to lose weight has gradually entered the field of vision of ordinary people, but many people do not understand its true connotation and simply equate "weight loss surgery" with "weight loss surgery". In fact, not everyone can do weight loss surgery. Even after the operation, it will not turn into a lightning bolt. If you don't change your living habits and control your diet, you may still gain weight again.
The purpose of bariatric surgery is to make some morbidly obese people return to normal weight, thus reducing various diseases caused by obesity. In addition, patients with type II diabetes may lose weight and lower blood sugar through bariatric surgery, so that patients can get rid of the trouble of long-term medication and injection.
As for weight-loss surgery, it is unrealistic to leave no scars at all. As far as the current operation is concerned, the scar can only be inconspicuous. For example, there is only one incision in the abdomen, and the scar is not easy to see over time. In addition, some patients with non-scar constitution are not easy to see scars after one year of operation. In addition, there are ways to lose weight by putting a water bag in the stomach through a gastroscope abroad, but this is not a slimming operation.
20 14 The Expert Committee of Obesity and Diabetes Surgery of Surgery Branch of Chinese Medical Association issued the latest "Guidelines for Surgical Treatment of Obesity and Type Ⅱ Diabetes in China", which restricted the objects of bariatric surgery.
When the patient's body mass index (the square of weight/height) is greater than or equal to 32.5, then active surgery is recommended regardless of whether there is metabolic disorder; When the patient's body mass index is between 27.5 and 32.5, but there are two or more other metabolic syndromes (such as high triglyceride, low high density lipoprotein cholesterol, hypertension, etc.). ), you can consider surgery; When the patient's body mass index does not reach 27.5, surgery is not recommended unless the patient strongly requests it.
In addition to the key factor of body mass index, there are some additional conditions for whether to perform surgery. For example, patients need to be under 65 years old. "I have met a child consultation, and I have to do weight loss surgery for my 85-year-old mother in order to control blood sugar." The "benefit" of surgery for elderly patients is not high in itself, and the risk of surgery is high. If it can be controlled by drugs, there is no need for surgery. Crucially, if diabetic patients are undergoing weight-loss surgery, the course of disease should be below 15 years. According to the research, the shorter the course of diabetes, the better the surgical effect.
It is worth noting that when diabetic patients undergo surgery, the pancreas must have certain functions. Because bariatric surgery belongs to gastrointestinal surgery, but diabetes is related to the pancreas, if surgery is performed when the pancreas has lost its function, the expected effect will still not be achieved.
At present, the two most common weight-loss operations are gastric bypass surgery and sleeve gastrectomy.
After weight loss surgery, patients need to strictly follow the doctor's postoperative dietary guidance. During 1 week after operation, the patient can't eat, but can eat clear liquid without solids after one week, liquid food after three weeks, soft food after 12 weeks, and normal food after one year.
If the patient does not follow the doctor's advice and eats at will, it may lead to some adverse consequences, from abdominal pain, malignant tumor, vomiting, bloating and edema to obstruction. After the operation, some patients will have gloomy faces and bad skin, which are generally caused by the lack of vitamins and trace elements. The doctor will advise the patient to supplement the tablets in moderation.
Of course, people who have weight loss surgery are most concerned about the problem of "weight gain". Foreign data show that the obesity rate is only about 1%. The fundamental reason why most people get fat is that their lifestyles have not completely changed. Although the size of the stomach has become smaller, it is impossible to eat a lot of food every meal, but some people may eat many times a day, and most of them are high-energy foods. In addition, obese people have metabolic problems, so bad eating habits will eventually lead to obesity again.