Zhou Mengdie, 192 1, was born in Xichuan, Henan Province on February 10, 00. Originally studied in Wanxi Normal School of Kaifeng Normal School,/kloc-0 joined the Youth Army in Wuchang in 1947, and went to Taiwan with the army due to family and environmental changes. 1952, published poetry and became a member of "Blue Star Poetry Society". It was not until 1959 published a collection of poems, Lonely Country, that he established his position in the poetry circle. Zhou Mengdie is a rare snail school in poetry. He has been writing for forty years, but he cherishes every word. So far, he has only published two poems, Lonely Country and Huan Qingcao. His whole life has been devoted to poetry, which is inseparable from his life. This uncontaminated pearl also won the first National Literature and Art Award. Although Zhou Mengdie is lonely, broad-minded and quiet, he yearns for freedom, but he does not feel inferior. As the editor of Selected Poems in 1970s said, "No one wins the welcome and yearning of new soul more than Zhou Mengdie. Zhou Mengdie is lonely, Zhou Mengdie is desolate, but his heart is extremely rich and persistent. "It is also his inner insistence that no matter how poor his material life is, he should treat it with a happy and calm heart, so there was the publication of" Lonely Country "in April 1959, and most of his poems were isolated in the world of mortals, so when this episode came out, it laid an unshakable position in the poetry circles of Taiwan Province Province and was selected as the" first place in the literary classics of Taiwan Province Province ". Therefore, he had to use dreams to find himself in his dreams. In Lonely Country, he described an ideal paradise: the climate here stays at the junction of winter and spring. (The snow here is as soft as velvet) There is no sound of the city here, only time for chewing and ruminating. There are no cobras, owls and face beasts here, only Datura flowers, olive trees and jade butterflies. No words, no warp and weft, no eyes. Buddha's touch is a kind of muddy and silent throughput. The day here is quiet and quiet, and the night is more beautiful and full of light than the day. I am a servant now and the emperor here. If we interpret this poem with Freud's psychoanalysis, we will be surprised to find that Zhou Mengdie's desire to get rid of the miserable life is not satisfied in real life, so he uses a roundabout way to express it in his poem. He wanted to use the dream in the poem to relieve his depression, so the images of velvet snow, Datura flower, olive tree and jade butterfly appeared in his ideal heaven. At the end, "I am a servant now and an emperor" shows his attitude towards the tragic fate. Even if he can't get rid of the teasing of fate, he will be the master of life, even if "the past is stuck and the future will not come." It is precisely because of the ups and downs of life and the bitterness of mind that he seems to find sustenance in his profound classical cultural attainments. His pen name was taken from Zhuangzi's On Everything, and Zhou Mengdie took this allusion as his name. It can be seen that he admired Zhuangzi very much. For example, the poem "Happy Travel" quotes the beginning of Zhuangzi: "There are fish in the north, which are called Kun. Kun is so big, I don't know its thousands of miles; Become a bird. Its name is Peng. Peng's back, I don't know its thousands of miles; Fly away angrily ... "It can be seen that Zhou Mengdie yearns for Zhuangzi's idea of absolute freedom, especially in his poem" Escape from the Dust ". Looking back, the clouds are rolling and the waves are endless; Boundless and empty, smiling, it seems that I have returned home and stayed in my sight. From the cold northern customs, my long back and claws are still stuck in my wet ass last night; When the dream finally wakes up-the haze clears and it thunders a hundred feet. ..... The world is on my wings, just like the Milky Way is on my courage, and the huge voice of nature is under my threat ... He thinks that maybe only Zhuang Zhou can make him soar, which makes his poems look gloomy and dignified, which is quite different from the rich and magnificent styles of Qin Zihao and Yu Guangzhong, both members of the "blue star". He himself quoted Mrs Naidu's words as an inscription on the title page of Lonely Country: "Conquer the sadness of life with the sadness of poetry". It can be seen that it is more appropriate to summarize his creative mood and artistic style with this sentence. Thirdly, if Zhou Mengdie's recognition and admiration for Zhuangzi is an affirmation of his absolute freedom, then his acceptance of Zen is an exile to reality. Indeed, after he entered Taiwan Province alone, his life was bumpy and he had struggled and pursued. However, he always felt that the real world was not the place where his ideals could be pinned, so he turned his eyes to the secular world and sought liberation in Buddhism and Zen. Among many modernist poets in Taiwan Province, Zhou Mengdie's poems are the most religious and Zen. For example, "On the Ferry" wrote: "People are on the boat, the boat is on the water, and the water is endless/endless, endless with my joys and sorrows of life and death/does the water carry the boat and walk with me? /Am I walking full of boats and water? "Poetry expounds the meaning of Zen with the image of interdependence of all things, which connects the limited things with the infinite things. Thus, instant and eternity, tangible and intangible, sadness and joy, sadness and joy are all integrated into one, and they have entered the realm of life and death. It was the bitter fate that made him find Zen, and also made his poems full of Zen meaning and philosophy. Therefore, the famous scholar Ye Jiaying called Zhou Mengdie "a poet who condensed his sadness with philosophical thoughts". Although Zhou Mengdie liked Buddhism and Zen, he did not fall into religious meditation and mysticism. He joined the WTO. Just like this, his poems present two forces, one cold and the other hot, which are rare in Taiwan Province poetry circles, and also form his unique aesthetic style. He wrote in the famous Under the Bodhi Tree: Who is the man with a mirror in his heart? Who will live barefoot all his life? All the eyes were blindfolded. Who can make a fire from the snow and throw it into the snow? Under the bodhi tree. A man with only half a face looked up at the sky and sighed to answer the blue that wanted to sink to him from a height. ..... As we all know, Buddhists have a saying that "the body is like a bodhi tree and the heart is like a mirror", and the poem begins with two questions: "Who is the person with a mirror in his heart?" "Who wants to be barefoot all his life? "It can be seen that behind the cold silence of Zen Buddhism is a soul who entered the WTO, especially the images of" fire "and" snow "in" Taking Fire from Snow, Casting Snow from Fire "not only have philosophy, but also reflect deeper emotions. As some poetry critics said: "It is not so much a philosophical poem as a collection of love poems, which is a reflection of feelings and emerges from another direction. Under the injury of reason, I feel deeper and more focused ... This process is painful, just like the struggle expressed in Under the Bodhi Tree, Prison and Tian Wen, but the unity and harmony pursued is the true meaning of the poet's contradiction. " [1] In addition, Zhou Mengdie's poems are not only Taoism and Buddhism, but also the Bible and Jesuits. Some works are full of Jesus' view of original sin. For example, Untitled One: Twenty years ago, I personally shot an evil arrow, and twenty years later it came back coldly. I kissed the bloody lips of the cross, gently picked it up and swallowed it into my deepest heart. In my deepest heart, it woke up and fell asleep? What is written in the poem is a kind of retribution, that is, one's own sin is borne by oneself. Moreover, it is a whip that lurks in the depths of the soul for a long time, and it is a shame that can never be washed away. This is the reflection of karma in the poem. As some scholars have said, Zhou Mengdie also "absorbed the noble spirit of life from Taoism, combined the original sin thought of Christianity with the tragic sense of fate, and combined the compassion of Buddha with the redemption of Christ, forming a broad religious feeling-a humanitarian spirit that fully bears and bears the suffering of all beings, and promoted personal sorrow to a complete understanding of life and the universe." [2] Dream Butterfly's poems are an existence that can't be ignored in the poetry circles of Taiwan Province Province and even in the contemporary poetry circles of China, not only because his poems have strong religious feelings, but also because his poems show poetic characteristics different from other modernist poets. "We usually think that modern poets in Taiwan Province Province look to the West, but Zhou Mengdie should be said to be an exception. His modernity shines with the wisdom and mystery of oriental classics. This is hard to understand. [3] Indeed, among the modern poets in Taiwan Province Province, most of them start with the imitation and reference of modern poetry, in order to show the consciousness and mentality of modern people and then return to the east and tradition, and find the process of orientalization and nationalization of modern art, while "Zhou Mengdie" is an anomaly in the modern poetry circle in Taiwan Province Province in communicating tradition and modern artistic creation. " [4] Because he is based on the traditional Zen and Buddhism in the East, communicates with the modern mentality and artistic expression in the West, coupled with his profound classical literature accomplishment and his perception of poetry, he can naturally enter the artistic realm of western surrealism with his traditional ethereal spirit and escape, and his poems can also express the feelings between consciousness and subconscious, reality and surrealism with limited language and unique images, thus flashing the agility and wisdom of the Eastern classics. For example, he wrote in the poem "On the Lonely Peak": It is like a cicada sloughing in its own stream and entering eternity. It's like a lonely and horrible joy-it's like a hand from heaven reaching out from the ground to hold you high, and holding you up with the ears of Baolian Chiba, which is a cold and moving nature. Throw 84,000 Ganges sand between your fingers! Silence, when the first snowflake and the first spring thunder wake you up, you are running in your veins-your heart is as colorful as a thousand butterflies. This poem is a neoclassical work, which embodies the wisdom and mystery of oriental classics. Its language borrows classical Chinese words such as "Ganges River sand robbery" and "Baolian Chiba", and uses classical syntax such as "Your heart is colorful as a thousand butterflies". A large number of allusions are also the reasons why Zhou Mengdie's modern poems have the oriental classical charm. Because a large number of allusions in new poems are rare, and his allusions are living allusions, changing allusions and natural allusions for the style and interest of his works. For example, Travel the Tianya, Hold a Bowl, Stop My Travel with Water, etc., based on the works of Zhuangzi, Chu Ci, Buddhist Scriptures and Wang Wei in the Tang Dynasty. It is precisely because many of his poems quote a lot of allusions that his poems are difficult to understand. Mr. Zhao Tianyi thinks that his words, allusions and image-building all have traces of ignorance of the past and are suspected of robbing people of beauty. So some poems are "bitter", but art comes from life after all, and works of art reflect the writer's life. Zhou Mengdie's miserable life is inevitably reflected in his poems. His uniqueness lies in that he conquered the bitterness of life with the bitterness of art and "conquered the sadness of life with the sadness of poetry". Because of his creative style, his poetry has become an indispensable existence in the poetry circles of Taiwan Province Province. After Huan Qingcao, Zhou Mengdie has not published the third book of poetry for thirty years. The public expects that thunder lurks, which can only make readers revisit these two poems again and again. Fortunately, Blue Star Poetry Magazine, Supplement of United Daily News and Taiwan Province Poetics Quarterly published Zhou Mengdie's poems one after another, and their excellent works continued, and their styles were still slim and elegant, such as Rainy Day, Two Red-breasted Birds and Blue Butterfly. Only the images are clearer and the philosophical thoughts expressed are no longer dependent on the previous aphorisms, but his poems can still make us feel that life is endless. For example, "Morning of Jiugong Birds": "Every morning/when Jiugong Birds crow/the little girl of about fifteen or sixteen years old (like the sound of Jiugong Birds)/gently appears on the balcony" "I washed my autumn-water-like/worry-free hair, washed it and combed it/gave it to the teenagers carefree. Obviously, poetry has a cheerful secular beauty, and the birds and little girls in the Nine Palaces are symbols of vitality. "This also vividly shows the vitality of Zhou Mengdie's mood of rising sun at night." We also seem to see that those suffering poets who have never had their own real youth seem to have found their own youth after entering their later years. It was he who finally conquered the sadness of life again with poetry. References: [1] Weng Wenxian. Look at the disciple holding five lotus flowers [J]. Chinese and foreign literature, 1974, (3, 1). [2] Huang Zhu. An overview of Taiwan's new literature [M]. Xiamen: Lujiang Publishing House, 65438+. 1996.[4] Liu Denghan, Zhu. On Muse-Poetry in Taiwan Province Province on the other side [M]. Baihuazhou Literature and Art Publishing House, 1996. About Li Liping: Male, Master of Chinese Department of Huaqiao University, 2002 (Chinese Department of Huaqiao University, Quanzhou, Fujian, 3620 165438), the cross is painted with a touch of moonlight as pale as acacia, and the hoofbeat of masked people is heard in the distance. The dream thief stole his face, and the dust and depression that never frown tormented me, and I slapped him heavily on the forehead. Thinking it's already October. All the good things have passed, even the butterfly dream that comes to mourn every night is cold. Yes, at least you still have nothing. At least you already know what it is. Yes, no smile is made of iron, and even tears are not ........................................................................................................................................................ At that time, your face was more beautiful than Yuan Ye. Rain and snow didn't come, woodpeckers didn't come, and even a tentacle-like worry can torture you when you are bored. Is it fire? Or what drove you to break through this class? It's cold and hard. Do you hear the cries circulating in your veins? "Let me be a leaf! Let the frost dye red and the running water flow gently … "So when I wake up, it will be green! On a snowy night, you will hear the sound of cold bluebirds flapping their wings.