It is not easy for the market to play a decisive role in resource allocation. It needs a difficult process, breaking through many barriers and gnawing at many "hard bones". It can be seen from a series of measures introduced by relevant central ministries and commissions that efforts are being made from these aspects to give full play to the role of the market and stimulate its vitality.
The first is to make "players" more dynamic and create more development space for market players. In this regard, the current substantive measures are to implement the reform of the industrial and commercial registration system, from the paid-in system to the subscription system, from the first license to the first license, from the annual inspection of enterprises to the annual report publicity system, and relax the investment conditions. From 20 13, Guangdong Zhuhai, Shenzhen, Shunde, Dongguan and Shanghai Free Trade Zones launched pilot projects, and other regions also took measures to simplify the application procedures for enterprises. In 20 13, the newly registered enterprises increased by 27.63% over the previous year, and the proportion of private investment increased by 63%. 2065438+On February 7th, 2004, the State Council issued the reform plan of registered capital registration system, which completely opened the curtain of industrial and commercial registration system reform. With the advancement of this reform, it will further loosen the market players, increase their vitality, further optimize the business environment, and create an atmosphere of employment and entrepreneurship.
The second is to make the "rules" more perfect and create a fair, open and transparent market environment. This aspect is mainly to achieve "two unifications", namely unified market access and unified market supervision. Implement negative list management, so that all kinds of market players can enter the fields outside the list equally according to law, especially to eliminate all kinds of hidden barriers to the non-public economy. 20 14 In May, the National Development and Reform Commission launched the first batch of 80 demonstration projects to encourage social capital to participate in construction and operation, covering energy, railways, highways, communications and other fields. With the implementation of mixed ownership in various places, private capital will usher in more and more market opportunities. At the same time, reform the market supervision system, clean up and abolish all kinds of regulations and practices that hinder the national unified market and fair competition, such as attracting investment at low land prices or even zero land prices, and setting entry thresholds for foreign-funded enterprises. To achieve this "two unifications", all market players can compete in a fair environment.
The market plays a decisive role in the allocation of resources, not all, and the hand of the government is equally indispensable. Without the hand of the market or the hand of the government, economic development will be "difficult to speak". The key to the problem is what role the government plays and how to better play its role.
Looking back at history, under the highly centralized planned economy, the government basically arranged everything from making production plans and issuing production indicators to allocating resources and arranging employment. It should be noted that a strong and promising government is conducive to giving full play to its institutional advantages and concentrating on major events. On the other hand, it is easy to bring negative effects, or it is too long to reach out and manage too much, which inhibits the vitality of the market; Or in the field that should play a role, it is ignored and poorly managed.
Summing up the practical experience of developing the socialist market economy for more than 20 years, we should "give full play to the role of the government" in accordance with the spirit of the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee. To sum up, it is necessary to "set the position", "prevent offside" and "make up the position".
"Correcting the position" is to define the functions of the government. The government and the market are not antagonistic, but should "take their positions" and become "golden partners" with complementary advantages. The Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee clearly pointed out that the functions and roles of the government are mainly: maintaining macroeconomic stability, strengthening and optimizing public services, ensuring fair competition, strengthening market supervision, maintaining market order, promoting sustainable development, promoting common prosperity and making up for market failures. This clarifies what the government should and should not manage, delineates the boundaries for the government to play its role better, and points out the direction for transforming government functions. Figuratively speaking, it requires the government to be the "helm" of the national economy, the maker of market rules, the "referee" of market operation, the provider of basic public services and the defender of fairness and justice.
"Preventing offside" means resolutely letting go of what should be released. To this end, the State Council has taken three major measures. The first is to reform the administrative examination and approval system. By the end of June 2004, 468 administrative examination and approval items had been cancelled and delegated. This year, we will cancel and decentralize more than 200 administrative examination and approval items with high gold content that can stimulate market vitality, and release more reform dividends. The second is to comprehensively clean up the non-administrative licensing examination and approval items. 20/kloc-in April, 2004, the State Council specifically requested that the non-administrative licensing examination and approval items for citizens, legal persons or other organizations be cancelled or adjusted as administrative licenses within one year according to law. The third is to implement the "power list system" and publicize the list of all administrative examination and approval items to prevent government departments from "acting beyond their authority". At present, Zhejiang and other places have exposed the list of provincial powers, and the administrative power has been greatly "slimmed down".