C should change monitor into gerund form monitoring, because gerund, pronoun and noun should be followed by preposition after.

Although the scientific prediction of earthquakes is still primary and random, scientists can make general predictions after detecting magnetic changes along major faults.

2. People who lose weight (a) with the help of behavioral techniques, such as weighing themselves regularly (b) and recording what they eat (c), seem to need the same techniques to maintain their weight (d).

C change it to what they eat. Pay attention to the word order of declarative sentences in noun clauses.

Those who use behavioral techniques such as weighing regularly and recording the food they eat to lose weight seem to need the same techniques to keep their weight.

According to a study on the first-born children, the children whose mothers expect them to learn learn less than those whose mothers expect them to start learning at once, because babies develop more slowly.

C is changed to be slower than because adverbs are used to modify the previous verbs, so pay attention to using adverbs to modify verbs and adjectives.

According to the research on the first-born children, children whose parents have little expectation of learning in infancy grow and develop more slowly than those whose parents expect to learn immediately.

According to a report released by the US Census Bureau, the chemical industry has invested more in fighting pollution than any other industry.

Answer: changed to U.S. Census Bureau, U.S. Census Bureau

Because proper nouns composed of common nouns should be added with definite articles.

In the report released by the US Census Bureau, the chemical industry has invested more in fighting pollution than any other manufacturing industry in the United States.

5. From primitive society to highly civilized society, (a) they all use (b) food, which is their most basic resource (c), in various social contact celebrations (d) and religious ceremonies.

D change it to all categories, because when all modifies countable nouns, nouns are plural. Another example is:

There are all kinds of flowers in the garden.

Contrast: one kind/this kind

From primitive society to highly civilized society, people are using their most important resources-food.

Various social celebrations and sacred ceremonies.

Throughout history (a), mosquitoes are not only annoying things, but also killers (b), carrying some of the deadliest diseases known to mankind (d).

D. Changing to an unknown question should be considered meaningfully, because all the options are grammatically correct.

Not only ... but also can be omitted. It is completely correct to carry the present participle as an adverbial table.

Be known to sb.

In history, mosquitoes are not only a public hazard, but also killers, carrying some of the most deadly diseases unknown to mankind.

The photo shows a group of climbers pulling a 20-foot-long rope between two particularly dangerous peaks.

B is changed to twenty feet because it is a compound word: number+singular noun, and another example: a three-year-old boy.

This photo shows a group of climbers hanging a 20-foot rope between two particularly dangerous peaks.

During World War II (a), many Eskimos served in the army or navy (b); Another (c) works at the airport or provides meat to the armed forces (d).

C is changed to someone else because the other means the other, followed by a singular noun. Here, we should echo the previous ones and use others to represent others.

During World War II, many Eskimos served in the army or navy, and some worked in airports or provided meat for the army.

9. Although female pilots have received extensive public attention, there is no evidence to convince the War Department to allow any of them to serve in the Air Force.

Change d to to let any of them pay attention to collocation: make someone believe something.

Persuade sb to do sth.

Although female pilots are very concerned by the public, no amount of evidence is enough to convince the US War Department to allow them to serve in the Air Force.

10. Undoubtedly, the successful improvement of textile methods in the late 18th century led to the increase of fabric output, which had a great influence on the inventors of sewing machines.

C changed to have a great influence on, because the previous late eighteenth century required the use of the simple past tense.

Undoubtedly, the successful improvement of spinning and weaving methods at the end of 18 led to the increase of fabric output, which had a great impact on the invention of sewing machines.