Appreciation of Su Shi's Huanxisha
1 Huanxisha
Swimming in Qingquan Temple. The temple is near Lanxi, and the stream flows westward.
Su Shi
Under the mountain, the blue buds are short immersed in the stream, and the sand road between the pines is clean and mud-free. Whispering dusk rain (2)
Who says life can't go back to adolescence? The water in front of the door can still flow westward. Don't sing white-haired yellow chicken.
(1) During Yuan Feng's exile in Huangzhou in March (1082). "Dongpo" volume 1 said: "(Yu) got sick because of going to (), and I heard that Pang An, a native of Maqiao, was often good at medical skills.
I was deaf, so I went to seek treatment. ..... After recovery, follow him to Qingquan Temple. The temple is twenty miles outside the gate of Qiushui Kingdom. "Qiushui, now Xishui County, Hubei Province, is in the east of Huangzhou. Lanxi, Chu Zuo
There are many bluegrass on both sides of Zhushan and Xiaoxi, hence the name.
(2) rustle, accompanied by rain, the sound of rain. Zigui, another name for cuckoo.
(3) Hugh will, don't. White hair means old age.
This is a small word that touches the scene and contains the philosophy of life, which embodies the author's love for life and optimistic attitude towards life.
The first movie is about the elegant scenery you saw when you visited Qingquan Temple in late spring. The stream at the foot of the mountain is gurgling, and the bluegrass beside the stream is sprouting, spreading and infiltrating in the stream. The sandy road between pine and cypress is washed by spring rain and clean without mud. It is dusk, and the cuckoo in the pine forest is singing in the drizzle. What a beautiful and peaceful mountain view it is! The first seven words not only point out the season when traveling in Qingquan Temple, but also point out the origin of Lanxi's name. The word "immersion" and the word "gradual" in "Gaolan Wai Dao, Road Gradually Walking" (Chu Ci Evocation) have the meaning of "gradual". At this time, bluegrass began to sprout. Its buds are still "short", but they are full of vitality and grow rapidly. It has spread from the shore to the stream. Cuckoo whines, which is easy to cause travel troubles. However, the author is walking by the stream at the moment, seeing nothing but business, forgetting the noise of the world and the filth of officialdom, and feeling happy. At the same time, the disease began to heal and the doctor accompanied him to enjoy it, so the cuckoo's cry failed to disturb the author's qingxing at this time. In a word, the first film only writes real scenes, and what it evokes should be the love of nature and the aftertaste of life, which leads to the philosophical thinking of life in the next film.
The following film expresses emotion and comments on the scene of "a stream flowing west". "A hundred rivers go east to the sea, and when will they return to the west" (Korean "Long Songs"). "Flowers have a reopening day, and there are no fewer people." Rivers do not return to the east, just as a person's youth is only once. This is an irresistible natural law, and countless people in ancient and modern times lament it. At this moment, facing the Lanxi water flowing westward, the author has a wonderful reverie: since the stream can flow westward, why can't people regain their youth? "Having fewer children" is not the "rejuvenation" that Taoism wants, but to maintain a young and optimistic attitude. Because people cannot change the world; What people can change is only their attitude and view of the world. Bai Juyi's poem "Drunk Songs" has "Who told you not to understand? Listen to the yellow chicken and the sky The yellow chicken is ugly when it urges the dawn, and it urges the year before by day. The red ribbon at the waist is unstable, and Zhu Yan has been lost in the mirror. " These sentences are old-fashioned exclamations. The author's last sentence uses its meaning in reverse, thinking that even in his twilight years, he should not have the decadent mentality of "yellow chickens rush to dawn" and "Zhu Yan has lost", which reflects the author's broad-minded and upward mental state during his relegation.
The characteristics of the whole word are to express the feelings of the scene, and to write the scene with pure line drawing, which is meticulous and elegant; High spirits, inspiring and full of philosophy. Previously, in Yu Xining for six years (1073), the author once wrote a poem: "The riverside has a long history and is as long as the surging waves." Creation also knows that people are easy to get old, so they teach the river to flow west "(the third of" Five Wonders of Watching Tides on August 15th "). It is the feeling that the river is born when it comes back from Qiantang chamber, which is similar to the main idea of this word. However, at that time, the author was invited from outside, with the title of Dr. Taichang directly under the History Museum, to be a judge in the beautiful and rich Hangzhou. He was sent by Beijing officials to be a local official, and his sense of official frustration was not strong. At this time, he was placed in a remote Huangzhou, as an official awaiting punishment, and his lonely mood could not be easily shaken off. Therefore, the next film of this word shows the call for youthful vitality and the rejection of the view of old inaction, which is particularly valuable. It can be said that this optimistic spirit in the adversity of "life is overwhelming" is one of the important reasons why Su Shi is highly praised by later generations.
2 Huanxisha
Su Shi
Clothes and towels rustle with jujube flowers, and cars ring in the south and north of the village. Cow clothes and ancient willows sell cucumbers.
The road was full of wine, but he was sleepy. Sun was thirsty for tea and knocked at the door to ask the savage.
The word Huanxisha was written by Su Shi at the age of 43 (1078) when he was a magistrate in Xuzhou. There was a serious drought in Xuzhou that spring. As a local official, Su Shi led the masses to the stone beach 20 miles east of the city for rain. After the rain, he went to the stone beach to thank the people for the rain and dew. This group of words was written on the way to Xumen Stone Beach to thank the rain.
The beginning of the sound of "clothes and towels rustling jujube flowers" reflects the joy of a satrap who cares about the life of the people in the new countryside after the rain. The sound of jujube falling on the towel is slight, but it is so real in the author's ear. "South Village North Village" summarizes the sound of "pulling a cart", which shows how earnest, careful and excited the author is. "Cow clothes and ancient willows", the author wrote his happy mood for vegetable harvest from another angle. Three sentences and three pictures seem to have nothing to do with each other. However, using this line on the road in Xie Yu makes people feel that this cartoon has a strong three-dimensional sense. This set of pictures is not only beautiful in color but also beautiful in music. Whether it is the rustle of falling flowers, the hum of cars or the cries of melon farmers, they are full of rich life breath and vividly show the thriving scene in rural areas.
The first part is about the busy scene of rural productive labor, and the second part is about the hardships on Xie Yu's road. Walking from one village to another, it was already very hot and people were thirsty. Besides, they are sleepy and sleepy. I can't help thinking of quenching my thirst with tea and refreshing myself with tea. The word "question" is used with great care, which not only expresses the author's desire to have a cup of tea to quench his thirst, but also worries that it is inconvenient to rush in without farmers during the busy farming season. It depicts a well-known image of modesty and approachability, and describes the relationship between a satrap and ordinary farmers in a cordial and natural way. The scenery and characters in the whole poem are vivid and vivid, with strong local flavor, which opens up a new world for the theme of Song Ci.
The word "knock on the door and ask the savage" came to an abrupt end here. What is the result of the poet knocking at the door? Did you drink tea? How did the farmers entertain him? There is no explanation between the lines, leaving the reader to imagine, endless. This is what classical poetry pays attention to, that is, "the implication between the lines is endless."
There is a sentence in the word "Huanxisha", which is actually an inverted sentence of "jujube flowers falling off clothes and towels"; In Du Fu's poem "Flourishing Autumn", there is the original meaning of "fragrant rice pecks at parrot grains, phoenix perches on old phoenix branches". While the subject and object are reversed, the objects "Xiang Dao Li" and "the place of competition" are also dismantled and belong to the subject and object position. Hong, a poet in A Qing, said: "Only when poets use inverted sentences can they feel strange and vivid." .