But Glaeser(2004) thinks that Florida's "creative capital" theory is a traditional human capital theory, and denies the "Bohemian effect" proposed by the latter. He insists that the real effective factors are 3S-"skills, sunshine and spread". Top 1: Art pilgrimage site for veterans in Su He, new york, USA.
Introduction: As a world-famous art district, Su He District was originally the most concentrated factory and industrial warehouse area in new york in the19th century. In the middle of last century, the United States took the lead in entering the post-industrial era, with old factories closed, business depressed and warehouse space idle. In the fifties and sixties, American artists emerged, and artists from all over the world moved in at low rents and became masters in the history of modern art in the world. Warhol, Lichstein, Lawsenberg, Johns, etc. Are the first generation residents there. At its peak, the population in this area was less than 65,438+0% of that in new york, and there were artists who accounted for more than 30% of all artists in new york. Some art dealers also set up galleries there, and some well-known galleries developed from Suhe District.
Reason for shortlisting: SOHO is famous for its art district in the world, and now it has developed into a perfect community integrating residence, commerce and art, and is known as "an artist's paradise". Characteristic bars are adjacent to high-end fashion shops, and art galleries are adjacent to personalized home improvement shops. It is an important fashion business circle and tourist attraction that Yake, fashionable youth and tourists are unwilling to let go. The most famous brands in the world, such as Chanel and Louis Vuitton, have landed in the golden zone, but they are all infiltrated by the personality and art here without exception.
SOHO is unique in that it is not an art district, but art is everywhere. It is a region where commerce and art are fully integrated, a business circle with rich personality and profound cultural connotation, and a synonym for fashion. Here, you can rarely see those gaudy ladies on Fifth Avenue, but more artists who spend a lot of money to pursue individuality and fashionable young people who pursue individuality. Photographers from all over the world linger in the cast iron red house on Green Street, the outdoor fire stairs on Belgian block street and the graffiti exterior walls with their own characteristics. Young artists are counting the brilliant footprints of literary salons on the cobblestone road.
Creativity index: ★★★★★☆.
Art index: ★★★★★★★
Comprehensive index: ★★★★★★★
Tip: SOHO is located in the west of Lower Manhattan. To travel to new york, in addition to the Metropolitan Museum, the Museum of Modern Art and other large museums, it is recommended to walk on the streets of Su He. The streets are narrow and suitable for wandering. The incredible visual challenge of the South Bank Art District in London.
Introduction: Located on the Thames, the Art District is a cultural tourist area transformed from an old port pier and an old warehouse, and its history can be traced back to the 1950s. Featured cinemas, beautiful restaurants, souvenir shops, cafes, bars and cruise ships with different styles, modern bridges leap across the banks, and high-speed trains fly by. Tate Art Museum is a special art museum which is transformed from an old power plant, and is dedicated to displaying 20th century artworks. With its unique architectural style and the perfect combination of modern art collections, it has become the soul of the art district. The art district integrates the functions of modern culture, tourism, leisure and commerce, interweaving ancient and modern customs. The tour is rich and fresh, which provides a natural leisure place for tourists.
Reason for shortlisting: The art district on the south bank of the Thames, marked by modern art, is the most dynamic art gathering area in London today. Along the Thames, the tate modern, the British Arts Festival Center, the Shakespeare Globe Theatre, one of the three modern art exhibition halls in the world, and the two most famous British grand theaters, New Vic and Old Vic, are lined up, and one of the most famous theaters in the world, the British National Theatre, is also located here.
Nan 'an Art District, after more than half a century of continuous development, has now become the largest art center in Europe. It attracts 3 million tourists every year. Various street artists try their best to show the world their unexpected tricks: there are human sculptures, sand sculptures, solo bands and so on. Graffiti concentrated at the bottom of the bridge more or less implies wild rebellion. Creative "singing wall", visitors can hear the sounds of dozens of musical instruments as long as they touch the "notes" protruding from the wall; Even the public seats on the side are carefully assembled by designers. Visitors can exchange songs of these seats with the player via Bluetooth. Of course, they can also order songs for the guests next to them and find friends through Bluetooth.
Creativity index: ★★★★★☆.
Art index: ★★★★★
Comprehensive index: ★★★★★☆.
Tip: London South Bank Art District is located on the Thames, with spacious and comfortable riverside walkways. From Taqiao all the way to the upstream, you can see many strange performances by street artists along the way, or you can choose to take a cruise to enjoy the creative design along the Thames. Top3: The largest art village in Los Angeles Brewery Art Village, the most fashionable design.
Introduction: The Brewing Art Village in Los Angeles, USA is entirely initiated by the people. Art Village, formerly a brewery opened in 1888, consists of 2/kloc-0 groups of buildings with different sizes and structures. 1980 was acquired by the Carlson family, a famous local family. One day, a group of artists came to ask if they could rent it, so the Carlsons temporarily decided to turn this brewery into an art district. Many artists who have settled in this art village, such as Alex and DeniceBartels of Welderland, have made great achievements in the field of American art design, and their art village has become a well-known place in the American art world.
Reason for shortlisting: TheBrewery Art Village has developed into the largest art village in the world, with about 500 artists and creators living in 300 units, including painters, sculptors, musicians, photographers, dance troupes and even web designers. They create and live here, which makes the art area full of artistic atmosphere. The buildings and street installations in the community are also created by artists, and many artists will put new products on them.
Creativity index: ★★★★★☆.
Art index: ★★★★★
Comprehensive index: ★★★★★
Tips: Open days are generally in April and mid-June 165438+ 10, and visits are free. Top4: Creative design is everywhere in Lichuan Palace * * Art District in Tokyo.
Introduction: As one of the leading design cities in Asia, Tokyo's creative industry started earlier. In addition to creative parks, many creative workers now just put their ideas into the public domain and show their latest ideas while decorating the city.
Tachikawa, a satellite city in Tokyo, has such a creative area, which was transformed from Tachikawa base, a military base of that year. This creative area has seven blocks. There are office buildings, hotels, large department stores, cinemas, libraries and other facilities in the area, which makes Lichuan Creative District look like a small city. Many creative design companies have also entered this field and displayed their design works in the neighborhood.
Reason for shortlisting: Lichuan Palace Art District is the most densely populated area in Japan. Nearly a hundred artists participated in the creation of street artworks, ranging from the artistic landscaping at the entrance of the hotel to the faucets, fire boxes, public chairs, floor pavements and air vents, all of which were rebuilt by artists, which also made this small place have 109 public artworks.
Strolling through the streets of Lichuan, you will find many interesting sculptures on the roadside, some with animals as the theme, some with nature as the theme, lifelike, and those chairs designed as trunks and swings for passers-by to sit and walk for a while. Suddenly, a huge red teacup will appear in front of you to block your way, make you smile and remind you that it's time for a drink. These interesting street creative designs make Tokyo people feel relaxed in the tense city.
Creativity index: ★★★★★☆.
Art index: ★★★★☆.
Comprehensive index: ★★★★★
Reminder: Gongx * * Art is located in Sandumo District, Tokyo. Take the JR Shinkansen and get off at Xilichuan Station. Top5: Weird and Absurd Fashion Concept in craken, London.
Introduction: More than one third of China's design agencies are located in London, and the latest creative park is Clerkenwell, which is located in the northeast of London. Many years ago, Clakenville was originally a barren land of abandoned industrial warehouses in London, but with the arrival of a group of young digital creative workers and entrepreneurs, the streets of Clakenville are undergoing tremendous changes.
Crakenville is now a famous art field in Britain, attracting hundreds of design companies. Saleswells and Barbican Art Center here often hold some avant-garde exhibitions, and grotesque performance art exhibitions and alternative installation exhibitions can all show their elegance here.
Reason for shortlisting: Among many creative parks in London, craken Ville, located in the northeast of London, England, is considered to be the most representative one. If you ask London artists where the best creative park is, you will definitely recommend Clakenville. As a famous art place in Britain, there are first-class music, theaters, exhibition halls, movies and museums, as well as various bars.
As long as tourists walk on the streets of Clerkenwell, they are often stopped by the novel design on the road. For example, there is a copy of Whistlejacket by GeorgeStubb 1762 hanging on the wall outside the Cambridge Theatre, which is only collected in the London Art Museum. In addition to these works of art, there are some funny works on Clakenwell Street, such as special-shaped toilets, which are very funny in shape. If you are tired from walking, remember to go to various bars and restaurants. These bars and restaurants are also places where hidden dragons and crouching tigers are hidden, and there are many artworks in them.
Creativity index: ★★★★★
Art index: ★★★★☆.
Comprehensive index: ★★★★★
Tip: craken Ville is located in the northeast of London, England. There are many theaters, exhibition halls and museums here, many of which are free. The London Architecture Biennale in Clekenville is held here every year, attracting many art lovers to visit. Top6: The Gorgeous Turn of the Old Factory in Beijing 798 Art District
Introduction: mottled red brick walls, patchwork industrial workshops, criss-crossing pipelines, and slogans of various eras are still preserved on the walls. Uniformed workers on the road are in harmony with fashionable and avant-garde tourists. History and reality, industry and art are perfectly integrated here. This is Beijing 798 Art District.
There are galleries, design rooms, art exhibition spaces, artists' studios, fashion shops, restaurants, bars and other cultural and artistic elements. There are more than 400 cultural institutions from France, Italy, Britain, Netherlands, Belgium, Germany, Japan, Australia, Korea, China, Chinese mainland, Taiwan Province Province of China, China and Hongkong.
Reason for shortlisting: Today, 798 is a hot art district in the world, and it has been listed in the first batch of outstanding modern architecture protection list; Become the exhibition center of China culture and art; Become an influential cultural and creative industry gathering area at home and abroad. Art and culture from all over the world are presented here. Numerous art feasts have been held here.
In 2003, 798 Art District was rated as one of the 22 most culturally iconic urban art centers in the world by Time magazine. In 2004, Fortune magazine listed Beijing as one of the 12 developing cities in the world, and one of the reasons was the existence of 798.
Creativity index: ★★★★★
Art index: ★★★★
Comprehensive index: ★★★★★
Tips: Beijing 798 Art Zone is located in Dashanzi District, Jiuxianqiao, Chaoyang District, Beijing. There are many art exhibitions every day in the art district, and the "798 Art Festival" is held every August and September. Top7: the hottest design base of American torpedo factory art center
Introduction: The predecessor of ArtCenter, a torpedo factory in Alexandria, is closely related to the war. It was a base for manufacturing torpedoes in World War I, and was used as a warehouse for storing weapons and ammunition in World War II until it was abandoned in the 1960s. Later, in 1974, a group of local artists rented this abandoned factory at a low price and slowly built it into an art studio. In recent years, it has rapidly developed into a famous creative tourist attraction in Virginia and a hot design base in the United States.
Reason for shortlisting: Torpedo Factory Art Center, a world-famous art center, not far from Washington. There are many local artists here, and at least 80 studios have settled here. More than 65,438+065 visual artists are engaged in artistic creation here, including sculpture, painting, jewelry and photography. Here, visitors can visit the studios of various artists in the factory just like visiting a house, and see how potters who are making bowls and artists who are drawing stained glass windows work. If tourists take a fancy to a work of art, they can also buy it on the spot.
In recent years, the art center of torpedo factory has also opened many art courses, and occasionally introduced art courses with different themes, which are explained by artists in the art district, which are very popular among Americans.
Creativity index: ★★★★
Art index: ★★★★★
Comprehensive index: ★★★★
Tips: The Art District is open to the public free of charge. Opening hours: 10: 00 am to 6: 00 pm, and extended to 9: 00 pm every Thursday. Every studio and gallery will have different hours. Top8: The Gentle Side of Heyri Art in Seoul, South Korea
Needless to say, I really don't know that Seoul's current "ambition" is to build a world design capital, and its creative career has also developed rapidly in recent years. Some design creative areas have appeared near Seoul.
Heyri Art Valley is one of the very special creative parks. This art valley is a cultural village where Korean writers, filmmakers, architects, musicians and other artists live together, covering an area of about 495,000 square meters. In Heyri Art Valley, there are not only ordinary homes, but also artists' studios and art galleries. Many buildings with different types and functions have formed a composite space integrating creation, exhibition and home.
Reason for shortlisting: Walking into the Art Valley, you will find that the buildings here are very stylish, including small square buildings surrounded by barbed wire and houses with bridge structures. Art galleries, museums, cafes, restaurants and bookstores with different styles have a strong visual impact. There are also many installation art sculptures made by artists in Gong X Park. Blooming red flowers, red chimney sculptures and even cute cartoon characters are vividly adorned, which makes this art Gu Duo a little warm.
Art Valley also has a popular "Dalquie Theme Park", which provides various amusement facilities for children to play. Every weekend, many parents in Seoul simply bring their children here to feel the artistic atmosphere while playing.
Creativity index: ★★★★
Art index: ★★★★★
Comprehensive index: ★★★★☆.
Tips: Since Heyri Art Valley is not a tourist attraction, there is no tourist information desk or other facilities convenient for tourists. The facilities in the park are all in Korean, which is not convenient for tourists. Take Metro Line 3 from Myeongdong, Seoul to Dahua Station, and then transfer to Bus No.200 at Exit 5, which takes about 20-30 minutes. The whole journey takes about 1 hour and 45 minutes. The opening hours of museums, art galleries, cafes, restaurants and other facilities in the Art Valley are 10 at 7 am. Top9: Shanghai m50 cool fashion hidden in the warehouse
Introduction: There are always many surprising places in Shanghai, such as No.50 Moganshan Road, which used to be the seat of a textile factory, but now it has changed. We call on artists from all over the world to gather here with M50 signs, including Swiss Na Xiang Gallery, French Oriental Gallery Art, Artists' Studio of the Cultural and Art Office of the British Consulate, and Canadian Art Museum. This group of creators full of artistic cells let endless inspiration take root in the old factory room.
M50 has gathered galleries and studios with different styles, companies engaged in architecture, decoration and furniture design, and even some fashionable brand clothing stores, art bookstores and music stores have occupied some small warehouses. Old-fashioned grating glass windows were transformed into unique signs; ; The disrepair corridor is integrated into a sculpture by performance art, and with the exquisite street lamps on the roadside, many fashion elements decorate the M50 with vitality.
Reason for shortlisting: M50 Creative Park is one of the earliest creative industry clusters in Shanghai and one of the largest and most influential creative industrial parks in Shanghai at present. It was also rated as "Shanghai Fashion Landmark" and listed as "recommended place to visit" by Time magazine. A series of fashion activities, such as 2005 Shanghai International Fashion Culture Festival, 2005 Fashion Night, French Chamber of Commerce and Industry, BMW Auto Show, Nokia and Siemens Product Promotion Conference, were successfully held here, becoming a unique cultural landscape along the Suzhou Creek and a new landmark of Shanghai fashion culture.
Creativity index: ★★★★
Art index: ★★★★
Comprehensive index: ★★★★☆.
Tips: No.50 Moganshan Road, Putuo District, Shanghai, take bus No.76, 105, 13, 63, 94 1, 166, 922; The subway 1 line is accessible. Italian Tortona creates extraordinary creative myths.
Introduction: Tortona in Milan, similar to the predecessor of 798 ten years ago, is also an old factory beside the Milan Canal. From 200 1, ZonaTortona, a creative park, took a ride at Milan International Furniture Fair, the "Olympic" event in the global furniture industry, and lined up the most shocking artistic or fashion features or avant-garde designs for people to communicate. In just a few years, ZonaTortona has also become the base camp for artists and personal studios. Small art galleries, photography studios, restaurants and creative spaces are scattered among them, and winding alleys and low-rise old buildings have new surprises every turn.
Reason for shortlisting: Although the famous Tortona Creative Zone is located outside the exhibition hall of Milan Exhibition, it can create extraordinary myths in every Milan Exhibition and become one of the most iconic exhibition areas of Milan Design Week. Here, you can see the creative pk of outstanding enterprises from different countries in the world, and it is also a place where many designers impact their dreams.
Creative index: ★★★★☆.
Art index: ★★★★
Comprehensive index: ★★★★☆.
Tip: The best time to visit Tortona is April every year, because this is the time for Milan Furniture Fair, and you can see more cutting-edge designs.