Guiguzi collected herbs and built a temple with the poet Mo Zhai in Yunmeng Mountain. Mozi never married and adopted children, traveled around the world, helped others and helped the poor. Guiguzi Wang Xu has unparalleled profound knowledge. According to records:
When it comes to mathematics, the sun and stars are like latitudes. In their hands, they occupy the past and look at the past. Everything is true. Second, military science, six towers and three strategies, endless changes, deployment and soldiers, ghosts and gods unpredictable; Third, studying abroad, remembering more and listening more, judging the situation rationally, speaking freely and arguing, can't do anything; Fourth, learn from birth, cultivate their true nature, take food as a guide, delay their illness, and get promoted immediately.
Legend has it that when Guiguzi's master ascended to heaven and became immortal, he left a roll of bamboo slips with the word "heavenly book" written on it. When I opened it, there was not a word from beginning to end, and Guiguzi was puzzled for a moment. He and his master have lived together for nine years, and their feelings are getting stronger and stronger. Suddenly left, he felt that he had nothing to lose and his heart was empty. He didn't want to drink tea or eat rice, so he got into his cave and fell asleep.
But how can you sleep? He tossed and turned, thinking about wordless bamboo slips and gobbledygook, tossing and turning until dark. Bamboo slips are still rolled, rolled, rolled, rolled, which is puzzling. Guiguzi simply got up, lit the torch of Song Ming, looked at it by the light and jumped up. Bamboo slips are shining with golden light, and tadpoles' lines are shining. Guiguzi sighed: "Is this the' golden book' passed down from generation to generation?"
Guiguzi was so excited that he read it in one breath and recited it from beginning to end. It turns out that there is a vertical and horizontal letter on it, which talks about the techniques of copulation, reaction, infighting, mutual restraint and flying clip, *** 13.
The first one is that when arguing with others, we should first restrain each other's momentum and induce them to refute in order to test each other's strength. Sometimes you can talk nonsense to let the other side relax their vigilance and pour out their hearts; Sometimes we have to listen to each other to test our sincerity. If you want to refute others, you must seize the evidence. If you don't want people to catch the evidence, you must be watertight.
The second is to use repeated methods when arguing with others. If you try again and again, there is nothing you can't touch. Sometimes you can use rhetorical questions to test your opponent. If you want to hear the sound, you should keep silent first. If you want to open it, close it first; If you want to rise, you must fall first; If you want to take it, give it first
The third is to master the trick of advancing and retreating. The trick is to grasp the monarch's hobby. As long as you grasp it, you can do whatever you want. If you can follow the monarch's mood to guide or make suggestions, you can improvise and convince the monarch.
The fourth main point is that everything is not monolithic, but cracked. In the debate, we should be able to take advantage of others' cracks and prevent our own cracks at the same time. Small cracks can develop as big as Mount Tai, so when the cracks are small, they should be closed, when they are big, they should be cut off, and when they are too big to handle, they should be broken and the cracks will be eliminated. The fifth chapter says that if you are eloquent with others, you should try your best to find out their intentions, get the truth from them by flying, and then clamp them with pliers so that they can't be retracted and have to be taken away.
The sixth main idea is that if you want to convince others, you must first measure your own talents and compare your own advantages and disadvantages. If your talent is inferior to others, it is impossible to beat others. Article 7 says that if you want to lobby the monarch, you must be able to guess the mood. People can't hide the truth when they are extremely excited and afraid. Only in this way can we effectively lobby and convince people. The eighth general idea is that people who are good at thinking about things are as quiet as fishing, let the fish take the bait automatically, and make things successful, which makes people unconsciously. Article 9 says that to lobby the monarch, we must first compare the topography, strategy, goods, guests, weather and security of other vassal States before lobbying. Article 10 says that to do great things, you must have a plan, just like a compass. You must plan first, and then lobby according to the purpose of planning. Article 11 says that lobbying needs to be dispelled first, and a good way to dispel doubts is to let the other side tell the truth. Article 12 says that ears should be good at listening and eyes should be good at seeing. Only when you know everything, can you tell everything.
Article 13 the general idea is that lobbying depends on clever words, what to say to whom, what methods and rhetoric to use. Don't simply speak frankly, study the object of speech and pay attention to the speaking skills.
After reading this article 13, Guiguzi couldn't help but marvel. He remembers that when he always argued with real people, real people never took the initiative to speak. It turns out that real people also have such a golden collection! He couldn't help but think of the time when he lived and studied with Master. The warm current surged, and a burst of sadness came, adding a little loneliness from time to time. So he put out the light and went to bed. In his dream, he dreamed that he was lobbying the world with a golden book in his hand.
Guiguzi woke up the next day. He felt very sleepy, but he still couldn't worry about the golden book, so he opened it and looked closely. There was not a word in it. Guiguzi turned the book from beginning to end, but still didn't see a word. He thought the book was the owner's treasure, so he went into the inner hole and hid it on the couch. Then, he went out of the cave and began to practice according to Master's instructions.
Unconsciously, the sun sets and the night falls again. Guiguzi went into the cave and went to bed. I saw the golden book shining with golden light, and the handwriting was faintly visible. It turned out that the moonlight shone on the golden book from the skylight, and Guiguzi discovered that the golden book was originally negative, which was not obvious in the sun. Only in the moonlight and light did the golden book appear. What a good book!
Guiguzi walked out of the hole, came to the stone table, lit the candle, picked up the golden book and studied it carefully. Suddenly found, how to change the article? I read vertical and horizontal sentences yesterday, but now it's Sun Tzu's Art of War. So, he carefully turned over the bamboo slips, and the left and right were still the art of war, and there was no vertical and horizontal art. This book is even stranger. So Guiguzi went on reading in one breath, or 13.
The first one is to say that the strategy and foundation of governing the country is to win the war vertically and horizontally. It is not the best policy to rule the country, save the country and unify the country. The best policy is to have military force to avoid the war, stop the war diplomatically, win without fighting, and stop the war by military means.
The second main idea is that it is important for military aircraft to know ourselves and ourselves, to have a plan to win, to grasp the enemy's situation quickly and completely, to expose the enemy's situation slowly and slowly, to use strategies alternately, and not to stick to one end. Soldiers have no definite strategy, and the strategy is amorphous, which makes people have no chance.
The third effect is that there is a tacit understanding between the monarch and his subjects, a closeness between them, and a distance between them. No matter how far they are, their plans should be roughly the same. If so, the monarch will reuse you and the general will be able to make contributions. If it is not appointed by the monarch, it is a conspiracy, and it is the best policy to disarm and return to the field.
The fourth chapter says that it is a natural law to divide for a long time and to divide for a long time. A wise monarch, when he sees a crack in the world, must try to bridge it. There are several different ways to bridge it. Conquest between princes is inevitable, and participation in hegemony is the best policy, so don't blindly avoid concessions.
The fifth article is to the effect that anyone who wants to decide on expedition and melee must weigh the advantages and disadvantages of strength. We should consider financial resources, diplomacy, geography and the relationship between ourselves and the enemy, and conquer those with hidden dangers. The best way to conquer is to rely on strength to deter.
The sixth chapter says: if countries want to unite or confront each other, they must have a comprehensive strategy and the courage to control the four seas and tolerate the princes. If you are not a wise gentleman, you cannot command the country without profound wisdom. Without a wise man, you can't run military affairs. To correctly determine who to unite with and who to attack, the key is to have talent and wisdom and compare the advantages and disadvantages of both sides, so as to advance and retreat freely, skillfully use the art of war.
Article 7 is to the effect that if you want to plan state affairs, you must learn to guess the thoughts of other countries. If you can't guess, it's no use even if you have Wang Zhidao's wisdom first. Speculation is the root of fraud.
Article 8 The general idea is: host the training so that the army can win without fear, and let the army win forever without using weapons and spending money. This is "God". To do this, the key lies in strategy, and the key to the success of strategy lies in thoroughness.
Article 9 says: Those who are good at hegemony must weigh the forces of all parties in the world and weigh the land, population, wealth, topography, strategy, unity, diplomacy, meteorology, talents and people's hearts of all countries before making major decisions.
Article 10 says to the effect that every military plan has certain rules. Make a living, make a living, discuss family planning, discuss life, say, advance, advance, retreat, retreat. The use of strategy, public is not as good as private, private is not as good as law, and there are many strange things.
Article 11 is to the effect that if you are in doubt about making a decision, you can judge it through analysis. When major military events are difficult to make decisions, the clues are very complicated and can be decided through consultation.
Article 12 says to the general effect: when using troops, rewards and punishments are strict, and the most important thing is justice. Only when rewards and punishments are strict can we be in an invincible position.
Chapter 13 says that it is human nature to hope for success. For this reason, the wise would rather use the advantages of fools than their own clumsy aspects, so as not to get into trouble.
After Guiguzi discovered the mystery of the golden book, he read it every night, and then he got a book every night. On the third night, he got a wonderful book about getting rich, which talked about some breeding methods and trading principles. Say "you have to take what you want first" and say "the world can't reach it, you can wait."
On the fourth night, Guiguzi read "Fix the Truth by Nature", mainly talking about the seven techniques of Yin Fu in the classics, and on the fifth night, he read fortune-telling techniques. On the sixth night and the seventh night, the content he read was different, and they were all essence words, which were rare in the world.
Guiguzi must read it every night, and it is a new book every time. Heaven and earth, governing the country and keeping the country safe, official career economy, astronomy and geography, astrology skills, Dan medicine health care, everything. Guiguzi is regarded as a treasure and can't put it down.
Later, Guiguzi became a politician with strategy and a diplomat who was good at saying things, and also became a famous yin and yang scholar, prophet and others. He is good at keeping a healthy body, being good at psychological thinking, knowing the trend of combining rigidity with softness, knowing the technique of vertical and horizontal coitus, and having unique wisdom, so the world calls him a wizard and a generalist, and is praised by later generations as an eternal wonder.
Guiguzi thought that the golden book left by Master could not be lost, so he wrote two books, Guiguzi and Yin Fu Qi Shu, according to the contents of the golden book and his own understanding.
Guiguzi has a total of 14 articles, which are divided into three volumes: the first volume is mainly tactical, with four articles, namely cooperation, reaction, infighting and opposition; The middle volume is mainly about argument and lobbying, with a total of 10 articles, including flying pliers, argument, speculation, rubbings, planning, decision, Yan Fu, turning pills and chaos, among which turning pills and chaos are lost; The second volume takes self-cultivation as the core and consists of three chapters: seven methods of yin symbols in this sutra, holding pivot and sutra.
Gui Guzi focused on the wisdom and tactics in the Warring States period, surpassing China's ancient philosophical work The Book of Changes and the "closed door" of Laozi, the founder of Taoism in the Spring and Autumn Period, among which the profound wisdom was beyond the reach of other military strategists.
Using the truth expounded in Guiguzi, we can engage in national diplomatic activities and win in the ever-changing international situation; Can command thousands of troops, can be based on mountains and rivers, and observe the strength of soldiers; You can also know the number of people, distinguish the wise and foolish of kings and prime ministers, and improvise to eliminate disasters and hidden dangers.
In fact, in the Warring States period, Guiguzi's theory of vertical and horizontal can not be ignored. So that Liu Xie, a famous literary theorist in the Northern and Southern Dynasties, later commented:
During the Warring States period, there were fierce debates, professional staff, and long and short angles ... The debate of one person was more important than the treasure of Jiuding, and the three-inch tongue was better than a million heroes.
Guiguzi not only wrote a book, but also thought that this knowledge should be continuously carried forward, so he recruited disciples and opened an altar to teach. He had several outstanding disciples, namely, Su Qin and Zhang Yi, famous military strategists in the Warring States period, and Sun Bin and Pang Juan.
At that time, Su Qin, with his brilliant words, united the six countries, impressed them, and led them against the Qin Dynasty, which was remarkable for a while. With her strategy and lobbying skills, Zhang Yi split the six countries and made immortal contributions to the State of Qin.
Sun Bin and Pang Juan learned Sun Tzu's Art of War from Guiguzi. Guiguzi saw that Sun Bin was sincere and decent, so he passed on the right path of Sun Tzu's Art of War to Sun Bin. After studying hard, Sun Bin learned the truth, and his talent far surpassed that of Pang Juan.
Pang Juan, who dropped out of school, was made a general by Wei Huiwang. He didn't forget to personally invite his younger brother Sun Bin out of the mountain, but when he saw that Sun Bin was outstanding, he was jealous and whipped Sun Bin with trickery. Fortunately, Sun Bin was saved by Chunyu Kun, the envoy of Qi State, and was also embraced by Tian Ji, the general of Qi State.
Later, Sun Bin was worshipped as a strategist of Qi State. In the Battle of Guiling, Sun Bin captured Pang Juan alive and avenged his house arrest. In the Battle of Maling, Sun Bin shot Pang Juan and defeated Wei Jun, which was a military legend. Sun Bin later left the famous Art of War by Sun Tzu, which fully reflected Gui Guzi's art of war thought.
Guiguzi also has a name called "Allies Strategy", which focuses on tactics and speech and debate skills. Because it involves a large number of strategic issues, it is similar to military issues, also known as Sun Tzu's Art of War.
It is no exaggeration to say that Guiguzi's wisdom is also a kind of "art of war", which has played an important guiding role in society, especially in the theories of military strategists and strategists at that time.