Teaching plan of "Ji Xiang Xuan Paper" in senior Chinese.
Teaching purpose:
1, exactly? Party, Dong, Sheng, Zi, Fan, Guo, Jing, Bi and Dan? Nine content words and add them up? Gu, Wei, home, home, where to go? The meaning of five notional words.
2. On the basis of being familiar with reading, clarify and grasp the context, and realize the characteristics of the author's clear thinking and fluent language.
3, experience the author's affection and affection in the narrative of daily trivia.
Teaching focus:
1, understand the author's sadness about his family's decline and his deep affection for his relatives in his former residence.
2. Learn that this article is good at capturing typical details and scenes in life and expressing the characteristics of fresh and concise thoughts and language.
Understand the author's sadness about the decline of his family and his attachment to his former relatives.
Grasp the text? How happy and sad are you? Connotation of
Teaching methods:
Combination of reading aloud, self-reading and reading and writing.
Teaching time:
Two class hours
Teaching process:
first kind
First, introduce new lessons.
In order to stimulate students' interest and curiosity in learning, I first present a riddle: Use idioms? Go home with clothes on? For this riddle, guess the name of Amin's writer. Students actively think and answer under the guidance of teachers. Answer: There is light.
China literati are rich in elegance, which is not only reflected in their talents in piano, calligraphy and painting, poetry and songs, but also in their daily life, especially in their living environment. Folk houses are not only their living space, but also the spiritual home of literati. Therefore, Tao Yuanming's "Gui Xi Ci"? Is it looking at Yu Heng and running with joy? ; Liu Yuxi's Humble Room Inscription? Just my Dexin? What's wrong with it? What does Taiwan Province writer Li Lewei regard as a hut in My Castle in the Air? The first work of art in life? . They are either indifferent and lonely, or intoxicated with nature and live poetically. Gui Youguang's Xuanzhi of Ji Xiang was written specifically to study this issue. What is the author's feeling?
Sincere and sincere feelings are Mr. Zhu Ziqing's father's difficult climb when he bought oranges for himself to cross the railway, a cup of hot milk handed over by his mother after evening self-study, his father's enthusiastic encouragement when he was in trouble, and his parents' understanding feelings when they were wronged. Today, let's study Gui Youguang's prose "The Story of a Ridge" and see how the author expresses his sincere feelings for his loved ones by telling daily trivia.
What is love in the world? Love belongs to youth, Li Bai said? One day, I will ride the wind and waves, sail straight up and cross the deep sea? ; Mao Zedong said, what is love? Hit the middle stream and hit the water, and the waves will stop flying? .
Liu Lanzhi said that love belongs to love? You are like a rock, and I am like a reed? Liu Yong said that? Affectionate since ancient times, how can we neglect it in the clear autumn? Qin Guan said? If two people have a long-term relationship, is it a matter of time? .
Love belongs to career, Cao Cao said? The mountain is never too high, and the sea is never too deep. Duke of Zhou vomited, and the world returned to the heart? Su Shi said? How many heroes are there at a time? Lu you said? Who can compare with a teacher for a thousand years? Xin Qiji said? Who will ask, how is Lian Po's appetite when he is old? .
Love belongs to the world, Qu Yuan said? How hard is it to take a long breath to hide your tears and mourn people's lives? Lu Xun said? Really brave, dare to face the bleak life, dare to face the dripping blood? .
Love belongs to suffering, Li Yu said? How much sadness can you have, like a river flowing eastward? Du Fu said? I came from three thousand miles away. With the sadness of autumn, with my sorrow of a hundred years, I climbed this height alone? .
Gui Youguang said that love belongs to daily life.
A humble room, two emotions, three changes and four women.
Second, solve the problem.
(1) The characteristics of his prose are: (1) lyrical and touching. ② Pay attention to details and depict vividly. (3) Short and pithy. (4) exquisite structure, twists and turns. His representative works include Ling Xuan Zhi, The First Notes, Zisi Pavilion and Cold Flower Burial (see Encyclopedia of China, China Literature Volume).
(2)? What about the item? Introduction.
Pool: nouns, notes; Xuan: This refers to cars with high curtains in front, so houses and corridors like Xuan cars are called Xuan. Today, porch is used to refer to a porch or hut with windows, mostly used in study teahouses; Ji Xiang: It is named after Xiangjijing in Taicang, Jiangsu Province. Because its distant ancestor Gui Daolong once lived here, it is used as the name of the study to commemorate his distant ancestor.
Note: Xiang is the name of a study in Gui Youguang. Because his distant ancestors were in Hunan, they were named after him. Cervical spine? , Ming Zhai? What about the item? It contains the meaning of thinking about sects and pursuing the distance. Speaking of it, it is very narrow, such as between the neck and the back, hence the name. Xuan, here refers to the hut, which is also the study.
Clear theme:? What about the item? The name of the study has a double meaning and is a small word. The second is to commemorate the ancestor Gui Daolong (Zeng Juxiang Jixuan). An ancient writing style
Gui Youguang studied hard at an early age and was able to write at the age of eight. However, he was not promoted until he was 35 years old, and he did not succeed in the imperial examination. Later, I took the imperial examination nine times. At the age of 60, he didn't want to be reused because of his low ranking in school. Gui Youguang spent most of his life in his hometown. He lost his mother in his early years, married Wei at the age of 23, and his wife died at the age of 27. His life is rough, and he is in pain. He opposes the old saying and "picking on others and spitting", and advocates expressing his own thoughts and emphasizing the true feelings. His writing style carried forward the fine tradition of ancient prose in Tang and Song Dynasties. Later generations called him "Tang and Song School" together with Tang Shunzhi and Mao Kun, and called him "Ouyang Xiu today" at that time, while later generations praised his prose as "the first of its kind".
Gui Youguang's prose is not about major social themes, but about some daily life and family trivia to show the deep feelings between mother and son and husband and wife. His prose has sincere and natural feelings, simple and fluent language, vivid details and poetic mood. Ji Xiang Xuanzhi is one of the representatives.
Third, perceive the text as a whole.
(A) important content words and function words
Beyond: beyond: Your milk: Masterpieces are all fed with milk. Here: if: you are omnipotent, omnipotent: analogy: and, until the effect: used as a verb, get the forbidden effect: forbearance: can have a big mother: grandma.
Often: The ancient meaning is everywhere, and a certain situation often exists or often happens.
Quack-quack: gū children cry guā onomatopoeia, which describes the loud crowing of ducks and frogs.
Hair binding: The ancients took 15 as the age of adulthood, and tied up their hair and put it on their heads.
Xian Yan: Dead Mother, Book of Rites: "When you are born, you are called father, mother and wife, and when you die, you are called Kao, Zi and wife."
(B), the new lesson to explain
1. Teach students the correct reading method of classical Chinese, train students' ability to filter and summarize information according to requirements, and make students know that reading classical Chinese is the same as reading modern Chinese. The first step is to grasp the meaning of the text as a whole. This enlightens us that when reading an article, we should read it as an article, not as an ancient China material. According to this reading concept, first of all, don't recite words, words and sentences. First of all, we should sort out our ideas as a whole and pay special attention to grasping people, things and reasons. The so-called person refers to how many characters are written in the paragraph, who is the protagonist and what is the relationship between the characters. The so-called things refer to several things written in the paragraph and what is the relationship between them. The so-called affection refers to the feelings contained in the events described by the main characters in the paragraph.
(1) Guide the students to find the person described in this article. It is clear to the students that the characters described in this article mainly include Gui Youguang, old woman, mother, grandmother and wife; Among them, the image of Gui Youguang can be divided into childhood, adolescence and adulthood.
(2) Guide students to find out what is described in this article. The students made it clear that the things described in the article are mainly family chores, including repairing the porch, half-stepping, remembering the mother, remembering the grandmother, the porch burning in the fire, remembering the dead wife and so on.
(3) Guide students to find out the author's feelings through these people and things. Students clearly:
Xiu Xiu Jixiang Xuan Xi
Different fathers, memories of mothers, sad memories of grandmothers.
Xuan was burned by fire, mixed with sadness and joy.
Miss one's dead wife
Through the training of the above three steps, the abstract theory will be transformed into concrete ability, so that students can establish a correct reading view of classical Chinese, complete the teaching focus and pave the way for topic discussion.
1, read the text quickly with your notes.
Clarity: What are the emotional clues that run through the whole text?
What is the key sentence that reflects this emotion?
Step 2 Pronunciation and spelling
Column rafters (shǔn) repair (q? ) habitat (q ι) (Ji λ ng)
Xian Yan (bǐ) old woman (y? ) close the door (h? ) elephant (h? )
Infiltration (sh? N) silence (m? Ng) different (cu? N) trombone (h? o)
Yan Yang little brother (y m: n xi? O) everything sounds (l? I) cry (gū) handmaid (b? )
3. Clarify the feelings that run through the whole article: Still? Hi? What else? Sad? .
What is the key sentence to reflect this emotion: However, living here is gratifying and sad (blackboard writing)
Fourth, study the key paragraphs of the text, clarify the key words, and experience? How happy and sad are you? Feelings.
1. Let the students read the first part and think.
What is the true face of (1)? ② What joy did the author feel in Ji Xiang Xuan?
Clear question ①:
Ji Xiangxuan, originally a small pavilion, can be summarized as small, old, leaking and dark. For this kind of research, the author devoted himself to attachment. After maintenance and transformation, it has become a good place for the author to study and rest.
Clarify the following: (Projection)
When the abbot is ten feet square, he should use the term retaining wall as a verb to build a wall.
If the hole is clear (if it is on fire), it will win the beauty back.
Clear question ②:
What the author gets here is the pleasure of reading (writing on the blackboard) and feeling the beauty of the environment (writing on the blackboard).
Inspire students to think further. The reading picture described by the author embodies a static beauty. Which word reflects this static:? Is there a sound? What do you mean? All the sounds of nature? , what else? All is silent? In contrast, this is dynamic and static, which further inspires students to think about which lines in poetry reflect this skill:
Clear:
Cicada is silent in the forest, Tonamiyama is more secluded?
How quiet the beautiful night is, leaving only my piano on the grassland?
Here, the author describes silence by moving, and can feel the effect of telling more in silence than in voice. During the day, birds peck and peck, which is very quiet, but at night? The moon is half a wall? Contrast. ? Guishu board barge? Describe and express the author's quiet and leisurely mood.
Some problems of projection;
( 1)? A bookshelf full of books? With what? The moon is half a wall? Are you online? Full? And then what? Half? Are they interchangeable? Why?