Chuansha Ancient City Wall is located in Guanlan Primary School at Xinchuan Road 17 1. Built in the Ming Dynasty, there are still buildings in the southeast corner, such as Kuixing Pavilion, Peyo Pavilion and Bita Temple. It embodies the industriousness, courage and wisdom of the working people of the ancient Han nationality. The ancient city wall of Chuansha was built in 1557, which was built by the people of Chuansha to resist the Japanese invasion. With this wall, the people of Chuansha successfully repelled many Japanese attacks. This city wall is the physical evidence of the Chinese nation's indomitable resistance to foreign aggression.
The ancient city wall remains more than 60 meters, covering an area of about 2000 square meters. There is a Peyo Pavilion (a district-level cultural relic) on the city wall, in which a stone tablet engraved with Yue Fei's handwriting is preserved. This handwriting is a four-line poem written by Yue Fei to encourage his friends to cheer up and resist the enemy. His calligraphy is vigorous, upright and detached, commensurate with the content of poetry, showing a sense of heroism and righteousness. There are other buildings on the city wall, such as Kuixing Pavilion and Wenbi Pagoda, which are hidden among ancient trees and flowers.
In recent years, due to many reasons, such as age, unreasonable building structure and so on, some cracks have appeared in the ancient city wall of Chuansha, and with the passage of time, the cracks have a tendency to continue to expand. This problem has attracted the attention of the cultural relics protection and management departments in Pudong New Area and other relevant departments. Last week, the restoration plan of the ancient city wall was submitted to the relevant departments of Pudong New Area for approval, and the restoration plan of the ancient city wall will be launched this year. According to the relevant person in charge of the Ground Cultural Relics Management Office of Shanghai Cultural Relics Management Committee, there are seven existing ancient city walls in Shanghai: in recent years, the restoration work of Nanhui, Jiading and Huangpu ancient city walls has been started one after another, and a larger-scale protection project will be started in the future.
The orientation of the ancient city wall lies "quietly" in Chuansha Campus. This ancient Ming Dynasty city wall is now located in a primary school in Chuansha Town. Yesterday afternoon, the reporter came to this school by bus. Because it is summer vacation, the whole school is very quiet. Walk along a path in the east of the school for about 100 meters, and you will see a garden marked "Wenchang Palace". The first thing I saw was an antique building, which was founded by Mr. Huang Yanpei on 1903 and has now become the school history exhibition hall of all primary schools. In the east of the exhibition hall, the tall ancient city wall is very eye-catching. Against the lush trees, the gray wall tiles seem to bear the vicissitudes of history. At present, there is a locked iron gate between the ancient city wall and the school. The former vice principal of the primary school and a member of the Chuansha Cultural Relics Protection and Utilization Group told reporters on Monday that the ancient city wall was built in the Ming Dynasty and has a history of 450 years. At that time, it was built at the same time as the moat, with a length of 2 kilometers. Today, the moat is still surrounded as before, but the ancient city wall has only been preserved for nearly 80 meters due to damage. At the time of construction, there were only 65,438+0 doors. In the past, because the ancient city wall was on campus, in order to avoid the influence of the outside world on school teaching and the destruction of the ancient city wall, the ancient city wall is not open to tourists at present, and only organized tourists are allowed to visit it for free. Now the ancient city ruins park has been built and can be visited independently.
In the past, the ancient city wall helped the local people resist the Japanese invaders. To the east of the ancient city wall, there is a path. If you go south along this path, you can see the whole face of the ancient city wall. The ancient city wall is about 9 meters high. Some of the bricks on the ancient city walls are covered with moss and vary in size. It was introduced on Monday that this is the most unique place of Chuansha ancient city wall. The city wall was completely built by Chuansha people to resist the Japanese invasion, so there is no uniform specification for city bricks. With this wall, the people of Chuansha successfully repelled the Japanese invasion. Subsequently, the reporter came to the ancient city wall along the stone steps, including Kuixing Pavilion, Peyo Pavilion and Wenbi Pagoda. To the east of Kuixing Pavilion, two century-old trees are magically "intertwined" and grow on the edge of the fortress of the city wall. These two ancient trees are praised by landscape experts as "rare natural bonsai in Shanghai".
The present situation of the ancient city wall is overwhelmed and there are many cracks. When I first set foot on the Peyo Pavilion, the reporter saw an obvious crack one or two meters long on the ground on the east side of the pavilion. On the east side of Kuixing Pavilion, there was also a crack. Later, the reporter went to the small road on the east side of the city wall to observe and noticed that there was also a long gap on the east wall of the ancient city wall. Many plants have grown out of the cracks, and a stout old tree is "difficult" to "explore" from the cracks. In addition, many cracks also caused the ancient city wall to tilt. On Monday, some cracks in the ancient city wall existed a long time ago, some of which were caused by the reconstruction of Kuixing Pavilion and Peyo Pavilion in recent years. It turns out that the Peyo Pavilion used to have only 1 floor, and the ancient city wall can still bear its weight. But in 1980s, the Peyo Pavilion was converted into a two-story building, which invisibly increased the burden of the ancient city wall, made the city wall tilt and cracks gradually appeared. The present situation of seven existing ancient city walls in this city is not optimistic. There are seven relics of ancient city walls in Shanghai: two in Pudong, of which 1 is the ancient city wall of Chuansha, and the other 1 is in Gao Qiao; Huangpu has two sections 1, one section is located at Dajing Road, Renmin Road, and the other section is located at Luxiangyuan Road, Renmin Road. Nanhui No.1 Middle School, Jiading County, Jinshan and Fengxian each have 1. However, the present situation of the existing ancient city walls in Shanghai is not optimistic. For example, the rammed earth in some walls of Jiading ancient city wall has been exposed. In recent years, Nanhui and Huangpu ancient city walls have successively started renovation plans. The protection and restoration of the ancient city wall started during the year. In order to prevent the city wall from further inclining, the person in charge of the school designed some rockeries on the west side of the city wall, which "resisted" the city wall while beautifying the environment. In the 1980s, the ancient city wall of Chuansha was in ruins. Tao, a native of Chuansha who moved to Hong Kong, felt very sorry when he came to the ancient city wall, so he invested HK$ 200,000 to repair it. Two destroyed buildings, Kuixing Pavilion and Peyo Pavilion, will be rebuilt to restore the ancient city walls of Chuansha. As early as two or three years ago, the relevant departments of Pudong New Area entrusted Cao Yongkang, an ancient architecture expert from Shanghai Jiaotong University, to investigate the architectural structure of the ancient city wall. Cao Yongkang told reporters that due to the overweight of the Peyo Pavilion and other reasons, the wall of the city wall has some uneven settlement. If it is not repaired, the settlement phenomenon may be further aggravated. In this regard, the relevant person in charge of the cultural protection department of Pudong New Area said that the project of "Protection and Repair of Chuansha Ancient City Wall and Peyo Pavilion" was reported to the relevant departments for approval last week. Once the plan is approved, this protection work will start within this year. By then, new maintenance methods and traditional technologies will be adopted to repair the ancient city wall, and the Peyo Pavilion will be restored as a 1 storey building. In addition to the restoration of the ancient city wall, the relevant departments of Pudong New Area are currently preparing the planning of Chuansha Historical Landscape Protection Area. According to the staff of the Management Committee of Chuansha Functional Zone in Pudong New Area, the plan will restore a large number of historical and cultural heritages in the whole historical area, such as ancient city walls and moats, and rationally develop and utilize them. The reporter also learned that the relevant departments are also preparing to completely separate the ancient city wall from the school and use it as a tourist attraction after transformation.
Nowadays, there are not many people who have seen the appearance of Laochuan Shacheng. According to records, the old city has four gates in the east, south, west and north, Zhenhai Gate in the east, Yingrui Gate in the south, Taiping Gate in the west and Gong Ji Gate in the north, each with a suspension bridge. The moat is 65,438+0.2 feet wide and 65,438+0.5 feet deep. There are four moon cities, 372 overlapping pagodas and 12 forts on the city wall, which are quite large in scale. It is said that the city wall has not been built since the middle of Qing Dynasty. After a hundred years of wind and rain erosion, the city walls collapsed in many places, showing a dilapidated scene. In the Republic of China, we simply tore down the city bricks and paved the streets. 1922, Jiangsu Governor Qi ordered all counties to demolish the city walls except for military needs and the preservation of historical sites, and all the bricks, stones and soil obtained enriched the education funds of all counties. 1925, Chuansha called all public organizations in the city to reach an agreement. At the meeting, it was unanimously agreed to demolish the city: the Education Bureau submitted the documents to the county department, and only two sections, about 50 meters in Zhenwutai, the north gate, and about 200 meters in the southeast corner, were reserved, and the ancient ruins of Kuixingge were reserved to build a garden for the county primary school. The rest of the city walls immediately began to be demolished.
The southeast section of the city wall, which can still be seen now, can be called the historic site gathering place of Chuansha City. There are Kuixing Pavilion and Peyo Pavilion on the wall, and Guanlan Academy, now Guanlan Primary School, is at the gate. In the fifteenth year of Jiaqing (18 10), Chuansha Hall and Zhouzhi built Wenchang Palace on the southeast wall. Because Chuansha has a short history and underdeveloped education, Daoguang has been in Daoguang for fourteen years (1834), and the hall knows that Shi Qi is determined to change this situation, saying that "Cao Zhi will be born within five steps". I dare not say that seaside culture and education can be slowed down. " He donated 1200 yuan to build 20- 15 learning houses on the right side of Wenchang Palace, named Guanlan Academy. Smart students both inside and outside the city are selected to study here, and all the students are "burned" by the government. There are also "bonuses" for those with excellent grades. Kuixing Pavilion is a three-story pavilion with cornices and corners standing on the city wall, and it is an old relic of Wenchang Palace. There are only two in Shanghai, and the other is in Shinan Confucian Temple. Kuixing is the "main text" among the 28 stars in ancient China mythology. It is said that the head of Kuixing statue is like a ghost, with one foot tilted backwards, such as the hook of the word "Kui", holding a bucket in one hand, such as the word "Dou" in the middle of the word "Kui", and holding a pen in the other hand, which can indicate the name of the pilot. Generally, Wenchang Palace has incinerators, and the written paper can't be discarded casually. It should be burned here, which shows the sacred position of words in ancient society. Perhaps the same was true of Kuixing Pavilion in Chuansha.
Far away from Kuixing Pavilion is Peyo Pavilion. In the pavilion stands a stone tablet with a height of 165 cm and a width of 82 cm, on which seven poems are engraved, with the title: "The bachelor monk is drunk as mud, and the head of Yushan falls. The wine glass is not a tool for fame, so why just indulge in it? Shangqiu Mad Bachelor Li Menglong Suo Yushu □□□ Dance of Girder Jiange. " Sign "Yue" and affix "Yue Fei" and "Ju Peng". According to local records, Yue Fei wrote a calligraphy poem by Li Menglong, Zeng Zeng, when he was dancing Jiange in Daliang (now Kaifeng, Henan). Later, Li Menglong became a monk in Tiantai Mountain, Zhejiang. After several changes of hands, Yue Fei's ink was passed to his disciples. When the Buddhist monk who lost his heart in the Ming Dynasty came to the Zhongde Temple in Chuansha as the abbot, he brought Mo Bao of Yuefei to Chuansha. However, according to the research of experts in the history of Song Dynasty, Li Menglong was a scholar of Jiading in the seventh year (12 14), which was later than Yue Fei's era. The story is pure fiction. However, Peyo Pavilion has become a famous historic site in Chuansha. Cai Jingwei, a Yi people, wrote a poem: "Peyo Pavilion has experienced many vicissitudes, and the calligraphy of inscriptions has been fragrant for a long time. National heroes are loyal, and dragons and snakes dance together. "
In the 1980s, the city wall was dilapidated, and Tao, a native of Chuansha who moved to Hong Kong, regretted it and invested in repairing it. History is often like this. What used to look ordinary has now become precious.