Crying with your head in your arms describes how you feel very sad or moved.
The pen is as big as a rafter, describing a famous article. It also refers to a famous writer.
Big man: little tiger, which is a metaphor for the growth of tree trunks; Han: Men. A tall and fat man.
Fly into a rage: suddenly. Suddenly lost face and lost his temper.
Broad and profound: extensive and diverse. Describe profound thoughts and knowledge.
An unpretentious hall describes some neglected and "vulgar" things (mostly literary works).
Ignorance: the overall truth. I don't know how to consider the overall situation.
Don't cover up your virtue with one thing: because; Qi: negligence, mistake; Cover up: cover up, cover up; Morality: virtue. Don't erase a person's great achievements just because he has individual mistakes.
Great talent, limited talent and great ambition.
The material is difficult to use. The original intention is that it is difficult to use small things because of strong ability. After describing the talent.
It is not easy for Gu Kuang, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, to joke about Bai Juyi's name. Life in a big city is not easy to maintain.
A long speech Refers to a long speech or article with complex content and repeated words and phrases.
2. Why are most idioms four words? No one has defined them. They are all used and established in language for a long time.
Therefore, the definition of idioms has long been a controversial topic in academic circles. The so-called idiom is a fixed phrase formed by long-term use and tempering in language.
It is a language unit larger than a word, and its grammatical function is equivalent to a word. Idioms are mostly composed of four words.
Features: ① The structure is relatively stereotyped. (2) the integrity of meaning.
③ Habituality of time and space. ④ Historicity of formation.
⑤ Nationality of content and form. Source: ① Historical stories.
2 fables. (3) Myths or other legends.
4 classic literary works. Idioms are fixed phrases or sentences expressing general concepts, which are mostly composed of four words.
For example, "castles in the air", "famous", "according to you", "colorful" and "happy" are all four-character idioms. Idioms with less than four words, such as "knocking at the door", "unwarranted" and "taking for granted", and idioms with more than four words, such as "peaches and plums are all over the world", "real gold is not afraid of fire", "a leopard cannot change his spots" and "only state officials are allowed to set fires, but people are not allowed to light them", account for an absolute minority.
Idioms are similar to proper nouns, scientific terms, proverbs, two-part allegorical sayings, quotations and common phrases composed of four words in some respects. For example, proper nouns and scientific terms are fixed phrases; Proverbs, two-part allegorical sayings and quotations are not only fixed phrases or sentences, but also have meanings similar to idioms. Ordinary phrases composed of four words are simple and have the same form as most idioms, such as "East, West, North and South" and "Spring, Summer, Autumn and Winter", but these are not idioms.
A clear understanding of the differences between idioms and proper names and scientific terms will help us to determine what idioms are and what they are not. Now I will briefly explain this aspect.
Idioms are different from proper names: proper names and idioms are fixed phrases composed of several words, but proper names express specific concepts. For example, "Lizhuang Primary School" is only the unique name of a school (of course, there may be duplicate names), and "Guang 'an People's Commune" is only the unique name of a commune. Idioms express general concepts. For example, the idiom "falling apart" can be used to describe a failed flower, a failed army or a scattered crowd.
Another example is the idiom "with relish", which can be used to describe anyone who is particularly interested in something. Idioms are different from scientific terms: scientific terms represent scientific concepts, not general concepts.
For example, scientific terms such as "subjective initiative", "revolutionary optimism", "infinite inflorescence" and "parallelogram" are all fixed phrases composed of several words, but they are not idioms. Idioms are different from proverbs: proverbs are mostly sentences rather than phrases.
Proverbs are often used in people's spoken language, but seldom used in articles. Proverbs often have a strong colloquial color, unlike idioms with a classical Chinese color.
Proverbs are not as neat as idioms. For example, the proverb "Sit on the mountain and watch the tiger fight" and "All crows are black" is not so neat.
Of course, if these proverbs must be called idioms, they can be forced. Idioms are different from two-part allegorical sayings: two-part allegorical sayings are a fixed sentence, which must be composed of two parts: the first part is a metaphor for things, and the second part is a positive explanation.
In order to get vivid, vivid and concrete expression effect, we can also quote two-part allegorical sayings like idioms. For example, "a clay idol crossing the river is hard to protect itself."
"Dogs love to annoy mice." "The clay idol's face is getting ugly.
""Candied coptis is sweet first, then bitter. " These words are "two-part allegorical saying" rather than "idioms".
Idioms are different from quotations: there are individual sentences in ancient works, such as "intrigue" (see Du Mu's Epanggong Fu) and "get to the bottom of it" (see Su Shi's Red Wall Fu). Because it was often used by people, it later became an idiom. But, for example, "Qian Fan is beside the sunken ship, and Wan Muchun is in front of the sick tree.
"These are two poems by Liu Yuxi, a poet in the Tang Dynasty. These two poems are not often used, but they are occasionally quoted in articles.
Therefore, such sentences should be called "quotations", not as idioms. Idioms are different from ordinary four-word phrases, because most of them are composed of four words, so some people often regard ordinary four-word phrases, especially those with strong classical Chinese colors, as idioms.
It should be pointed out that whenever the words in a phrase are interchangeable, they should be regarded as an ordinary phrase. For example, the phrase "radical change" can also be changed to "radical change", "radical change" or "great change" on some occasions.
Another example is the phrase "close cooperation", which can be changed into "close cooperation" and "profligacy" and "profligacy" or "profligacy". After these phrases are changed, they do not affect the content and make people feel very appropriate.
Phrases that can change freely like this are all ordinary phrases. As for idioms, they are an organic whole, and the words that make up idioms cannot be replaced by other words with the same or similar meanings.
For example, the idiom "the rest of my life in the jaws of death" cannot be changed to "the rest of my life in the jaws of a wolf" or "the rest of my life in the jaws of death". Another example is: "No matter how rhetoric a colonialist talks about peace, it can't hide their aggressive nature.
"In this sentence, not only can we not change" rhetoric about peace "into" rhetoric about peace "or" rhetoric about peace ",but we are also reluctant to change it into" rhetoric about peace ". The difference between idioms and proper names, scientific terms and allegorical sayings seems quite obvious.
Generally speaking, the differences between idioms and quotations, common phrases and proverbs are clear, but some are not easy to distinguish. We should admit that some fixed phrases or fairly fixed phrases are between idioms and proverbs, quotations or ordinary phrases, and there is no need to divide them.
For example, "worthless" can be considered as a common phrase, because it is not forced to call it worthless, worthless or worthless. However, after all, this phrase is relatively fixed, much like an idiom, and it is no problem to regard it as an idiom.
Another example is "Road".
3. What are the four-character idioms that describe many books? 1. Idiom: a piece of smoke.
Pinyin: hà o rú yā n h m: i.
Explanation: Hao: vastness; Sea of smoke: the vast sea. Describe the richness of classics and books.
Source: Sui Mengfu: "If the law is profound, the mystery is hard to find, it is immortal, the color is not heart, the sky is vast, and Deng Lin is gloomy."
Example: There are numerous records in ancient and modern times. Qing Zhou Yongnian's Annals of Confucianism and Tibetan Studies
2. Idiom: Sweat a lot.
Pinyin: hà n niú chng dê ng dé ng
Commentary: Dong: Dong Yu, house. Books sweat when transported and can be piled on the roof when stored. Describe a large collection of books.
Source: Tang Zongyuan's "Lu Tomb Table": "It is a book, but it is full of buildings and sweating."
For example, making sentences: handed down from generation to generation, full of sweat, who is effective? Qing Pu Songling's Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio Feng Sanniang
3. Idiom: Left picture and right view
Pinyin: zuǒ tú yòu shǐ
Description: Describe many indoor books.
Source: "New Tang Book Yang Wanchuan": "Being alone in one room, left picture and right history."
For example, Beishan is very comfortable with three meals a day in prison. Chapter 12 of "The Collection of Money in Late Qing Literature is Earth-shaking"
4. Idiom: Countless
Pinyin: bù j bùjìqíShu
Description: Quantity cannot be calculated. Describe a lot.
Source: Wei Songliao Weng's "Counties of Dajing Lake": "Or there are about 200,000 government militia in the city, and there are countless people scattered in the suburbs."
Example: I went to the state bridge around Hanoi to light up and down, countless. Shi Ming Naian's Outlaws of the Marsh: Chapter 66
5. Idiom: the history of left and right pictures
Pinyin: zu
Explanation: There are books all around, which shows that you like books and are eager to learn.
Source: "New Tang Book Yang Wan Chuan": [Xu Wan] Calm and quiet, living alone in one room, taking history and gathering dust.
4. What are the four-word words to describe "great changes"? The four words to describe "great changes" are: brand-new, refreshing, like a lifetime ago, turned upside down, and things have changed.
1, brand-new huàn rán yī xīn x and n x and n
Description: Fresh and bright appearance. Change the old appearance, a brand-new atmosphere appeared.
Source: Tang Yanyuan's "Records of Famous Paintings in Past Dynasties: On Reading and Taking Evidence": "Famous paintings in Jin and Song Dynasties are as good as new. After hundreds of years, the color of paper has not been greatly defeated. "
2. refresh r mù y and x and n.
Explanation: eyes and ears: refers to what you see. What I saw and heard was completely different from before, which made people feel fresh.
Source: Wei Shou's Biography of Shu Wei in the Northern Qi Dynasty: "Qi Aika, eyes and ears updated."
It seems like a lifetime ago.
Explanation: dream: as if; World: Thirty years is a lifetime. It's like a lifetime apart. Refers to the feelings caused by great changes in personnel and scenery.
Source: Song Fan Chengda's Wu Lu Volume II: "Fa Changzhou. Relatives in Pingjiang have been dropping by since the old days, and they are all in the Tao, and suddenly it seems like a world is separated. "
4. Turn things upside down. tiān fān düfu
Explanation: Turn it over. Describe great changes. It is also described as a fierce fight.
Source: Liu Tangshang's "Eighteen Beats of Hu Jia" VI: "Who knows that it has turned upside down? Now I am watching Beidou in the south. "
5. Things are people, not people.
Explanation: things are still the original things, but people are not the original people. It is often used to express that things have changed. So I miss my old friend.
Source: The Book of Quality and Martial Arts by Zhi Pi of the Three Kingdoms: "The festival is different from the same, and the things are different from the same. How can I work!"
5. It's loud. Which four-word word or idiom should be used to describe deafening, crashing into buildings, magnificent mountains and rivers, Skyquake and shaking the earth?
First of all, it was deafening.
Explanation: the voice described is so loud that my ears are almost deaf.
Said by: Sha Ting's howl: "Every teahouse is crowded with people, except for the deafening shouts of the waiters."
Second, hit the floor.
Commentary: Jinshi: Zhong Qing and other musical instruments have crisp and beautiful voices. Metaphor article language is beautiful and powerful.
From: Biography of Sun Chuo in the Book of Jin Tang Fang Ling Xuan: "You try to throw the ground as a golden stone."
When it makes a sound like a stone, you try to throw it on the ground.
Three. Powerful mountains and rivers
Explanation: Qi: Masculinity; Zhuang: make it magnificent; Mountains and rivers: mountains and rivers. Describe heroism and make the mountains and rivers of the motherland more magnificent.
Said by: Liang Xin, Chapter 4 of From Slave to General: "I heard your simple and honest words again."
Fourth, Skyquake is terrible.
Explanation: shock: vibration. Shook the world. Describe a loud voice or momentum. Sometimes describing events and scenes is shocking.
From: Three Kingdoms. Chen Shou's "The History of the Three Kingdoms and Emperor Wendi of Wei Zhi" Pei Songzhi notes: "It was only May 7th, and the Emperor Huang Chu collapsed. Alas! Skyquake at that time was terrible. "
Recalling that on May 7th, seven years in Huang Chu, the great emperor died, alas, how sad! It shook the world at that time.
Five, the earth shook.
Explanation: When the earthquake happened, the earth trembled and the mountains and rivers shook. It also describes a huge momentum or fierce struggle.
From: Song Ouyang Xiu's "Ouyang Wenzhong's Public Collection, Recitation Collection, On the Initial Form of Repairing the River": "Fear of shaking the mountains will cause disaster from now on."
I'm worried about the earthquake. Let's start here.