North warm temperate deciduous broad-leaved forest area (major cities: Shenyang, Huludao, Dalian, Dandong, Anshan, Liaoyang, Jinzhou, Yingkou, Panjin, Beijing, Tianjin, Taiyuan, Linfen, Changzhi, Shijiazhuang, Qinhuangdao, Baoding, Tangshan, Handan, Xingtai, Chengde, Jinan, Dezhou, Yan 'an, Baoji and Tianshui).
Deciduous broad-leaved forest area in southern warm zone (main cities: Qingdao, Yantai, Rizhao, Weihai, Jining, Tai 'an, Zibo, Weifang, Zaozhuang, Linyi, Laiwu, Dongying, Xintai, Tengzhou, Zhengzhou, Luoyang, Kaifeng, Xinxiang, Jiaozuo, Anyang, Xi 'an, Xianyang, Xuzhou, Lianyungang, Yancheng, Huaibei, Bengbu, Korea.
Deciduous, evergreen and broad-leaved mixed forest areas in north subtropical zone (major cities: Nanjing, Yangzhou, Zhenjiang, Nantong, Changzhou, Wuxi, Suzhou, Hefei, Wuhu, Anqing, Huainan, Xiangfan and Shiyan)
Central subtropical evergreen deciduous broad-leaved forest area (major cities: Wuhan, Shashi, Huangshi, Yichang, Nanchang, Jingdezhen, Jiujiang, Ji 'an, Jinggangshan, Ganzhou, Shanghai, Changsha, Zhuzhou, Yueyang, Huaihua, Jishou, Changde, Xiangtan, Hengyang, Shaoyang, Guilin, Wenzhou, Jinhua, Ningbo, Chongqing, Chengdu, Dujiangyan, etc.
South subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest area (main cities: Fuzhou, Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Guangzhou, Foshan, Shunde, Dongguan, Huizhou, Shantou, Taipei, Liuzhou, Guiping and Gejiu)
Ecological classification: woody plants >; sheepberry
Ornamental classification: flower viewing
Height range: 2m
Morphological characteristics: Rose is an evergreen or semi-evergreen shrub with hooked thorns. 3-5 pinnate leaflets, often clustered, slightly fragrant, single, pink or nearly white. The flowering period is 65438+ 10 month. Perfume rose is a natural hybrid of rose and rose. Buds and leaves are usually bronzed. Flowers are pink, light yellow, orange yellow, pure white and other colors, full of fragrance, perfect malt in the growing period. Modern Chinese rose. ) is a hybrid rose variety group which has been bred by many times of hybridization and long-term breeding. Shrubs or vines; The leaves are thick, big and shiny; The bud is oval, with rich flower shapes, double petals to double petals, and the fragrance is light to strong. Flowering lasts, and May-June and 9- 10 are the peak flowering periods.
Growth habit: Rose is a spiny shrub, or it climbs like a tendril. I like sunny, airy, well-drained and sheltered environment, and I need proper shade in midsummer. The optimum temperature of most varieties is 15-26℃ in the daytime and 10- 15℃ at night. It is cold-resistant, and it goes into hibernation when the temperature is below 5℃ in winter. If the high temperature above 30℃ continues in summer, most varieties will have less flowering and lower quality, and enter a semi-dormant state. General varieties can tolerate the low temperature of-65438 05℃. It needs rich organic matter and fertile and loose slightly acidic soil, but it has wide adaptability to soil. The relative humidity of air should be 75%-80%, but it can also be slightly dry or wet. Characterized by continuous flowering.
Propagation and cultivation: 1. The asexual propagation of propagating roses can be divided into cutting, grafting, rameting, layering, high-altitude layering, tissue culture and other methods, among which cutting and grafting are simple and easy, and are widely used. The method of sowing is used to cultivate new varieties and a large number of rootstocks for each reproduction. Cutting is mostly carried out in spring, early summer and early autumn (the temperature is above 15℃), and it can be carried out in greenhouse in winter. In order to improve the survival rate, some plants are peeled in the ring first, and then the branches are cut off for cutting after callus is produced. When cutting, if the lower end of cuttings is quickly soaked with 500- 1000 ppm indolebutyric acid or 500ppm indolebutyric acid potassium solution for 1-30 seconds, rooting will be promoted. All-light spray cutting is effective in the growing season. Grafting is the main means of propagation of Chinese rose. In order to obtain high-quality grafted seedlings, we must first choose suitable rootstocks. At present, the commonly used rootstocks in China are: wild rose, pink rose and white jade pond. Branch grafting is often used in dormant period, and the grafting time is from 65438+February in the south to February of the following year, before leaf buds germinate in the north in spring. Grafting in the growing season is often carried out in the form of T-shaped or portal budding. If it is required to breed a specific variety in a short time. Tissue culture can be used. Pruning is the most important thing in rose cultivation. In order to keep the tree beautiful and concentrate nutrients on flowering, the pruning frequency is low in general growth period and more in winter. Pruning of hybrid perfume rose, rich flower rose and enhanced flower rose: as a civilized shrub of Cong shares, it is required that the plants are tall and flowery. If the plants are short and civilized, they should be pruned appropriately. Generally, only 3-5 branches are left per plant. When cutting high, the main branch is 75- 120 cm, in which the bud 15-20. When cutting low, the main branch is 30-40 cm, containing 6-8 buds. Pruning of vine rose: For varieties that only bloom 1 time a year, new long branches will grow from the roots every year, and some will have side branches in the same year. After flowering, the whole new strip with flowers should be cut off. For vine varieties that bloom many times, the top of flowering short branches is cut off after flowering, leaving only 2 buds at the base. After 6-7 weeks, these buds can produce new flowering side branches again. Pruning of mini-roses: Pruning can be carried out according to the method of hybrid perfume roses, but thinning is needed because of the dense small side branches. For the rose with weak cold tolerance, mild antifreeze is needed in the place where the lowest temperature in winter is lower than-15oC, such as piling 20 cm of soil at the base and wrapping it with straw curtains, sacks and plastic films. In the place below-20oC, it is necessary to dig up the soil on one side and put the plants in the covered clam part. Successful experience of cutting flower cultivation in greenhouse: using overhead flower beds with a width of 1 m, planting 4 plants side by side, at room temperature of 15℃ at night. In the first 6 weeks after planting, keep the soil fully moist. Fertilization begins when new buds sprout and grow. In the greenhouse environment, pest control is extremely important, which requires regular spraying. The management of potted rose can be summarized as follows: loose soil, suitable pot diameter, moderate humidity, diligent application of thin fertilizer, picking flowers and pruning, prevention and control of pests and diseases, frequent outdoor use, annual loosening and weeding, peeling rootstocks and buds, and turning pots.
Landscape uses: yard planting, self-planting, potted plants.