Li Qing two years (1042), Wang Anshi Jinshi. He has successively signed judges in Yangzhou, magistrate in Yinxian and judge in Zhou Shu, and achieved remarkable results. In the second year of Xining (1069), he served as a political commissar, met with the Prime Minister the following year and presided over the political reform. Because of the opposition of the old school, Xining went on strike for seven years (1074). A year later, Song Shenzong was put into use again and retired to Jiangning. In the first year of Yuan You (1086), the Conservative Party gained power and all the new laws were abolished. Yu Ran died in Zhongshan and was posthumously given to a teacher. Shao Shengyuan (1094) was named "Wen", so he was called Wang Wengong.
In literature, Wang Anshi made outstanding achievements. His prose is concise, short and pithy, with clear arguments, strict logic and strong persuasiveness, which gives full play to the practical functions of ancient Chinese prose and ranks among the "eight masters of Tang and Song Dynasties".
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Wang Anshi's Story: A Good County Magistrate Wang Anshi
1047, 27-year-old Wang Anshi was transferred to Yinxian (Ningbo, Zhejiang) as county magistrate. After receiving this appointment, Wang Anshi is still a little refreshed. After three years of leisure, he doesn't know what it's like to be an official. Now he finally has a job that can do some work. At that time, there were only one or two people in the county government office of a county, and everything in the county had to be personally grasped. As long as you want to do business seriously, there are plenty.
Yinxian was extremely remote at that time, but it was extremely rich because of its suitable climate and fertile land. When Wang Anshi arrived in Yinxian this spring, it was raining in the south of the Yangtze River. It didn't stop raining until September this year, and no natural particles were harvested. This means that grain has become a rare thing, and the price of rice in Jiangnan has soared.
The local government in the south of the Yangtze River hastily took administrative measures to crack down on profiteers who drive up prices, and asked the central government to open warehouses and release grain to support the people in the south of the Yangtze River to tide over the difficulties. Under the pressure of governments at all levels, the price of rice has returned to about 500 pence per stone. But Wang Anshi wrote a government document in Yinxian: the price of rice in Yinxian is 3000 per stone!
The people in Yinxian county were the first to get angry and called Wang Anshi a dog official. Some people have prepared ox carts and raincoats to go to Hangzhou to petition. Lu is an official who pursues advantages and avoids disadvantages. He drove away the petitioners first, and then investigated Wang Anshi's background. After an investigation, he found that this boy was not easy to mess with. In particular, the Central Committee regards Wang Anshi as a rare talent. Lu had to gnash his teeth and stick to the creed that "God wants its destruction, he must want its madness" and wait for Wang Anshi to bring about his own destruction.
Wang Anshi is not a person who treats government documents as waste paper. There must be a reason why he dared to do so. As a result, Wang Anshi made a fortune. The people in Yinxian had to tighten their belts and drink porridge every day like health preservation. What China people want most is not a wise emperor, but a good county magistrate, a good mayor and even a good village head. Unfortunately, Wang Anshi seems to have let them down.
/kloc-in the spring of 0/048, there was no rice to buy in most parts of the south of the Yangtze River (some grain merchants went to Ningbo to sell rice). People have money, but don't know where to buy food.
Wang Anshi is in Ningbo. Although ordinary people have no savings, every family can have food. Some grain merchants who got wind of it encountered a crisis in Ningbo, and Ningbo people were not short of rice. But they came from far away, and it was not good to transport Mi Yuan Road back, so they had to sell it. As a result, the price of rice in Ningbo plummeted.
Wang Anshi was highly praised by the people, and now they know that the county magistrate Wang is a wise man.
Lu thought that Wang Anshi's move was very level, and immediately issued a commendation order, which raised the price of rice in various parts of Zhejiang. Businessmen flocked to see them make a profit again.
This is just Wang Anshi's understanding and practice of market economy. As a great politician, he is very clever. According to historical records, Wang Anshi often went to the countryside in Ningbo. Because he refused to disclose that he was the county magistrate, no one invited him to eat and drink. In rural areas, Wang Anshi understood the people's difficulties, so he introduced the "young crops law" policy.
From today's point of view, the specific content of the Young Crop Law is essentially "grain mortgage loan". He regards the Ningbo government as the Agricultural Bank, the head of the government, that is, he is the president. President Wang issued special loans for young crops for farmers in Ningbo. The loan amount is decided by the plowman himself.
The plowman himself estimated the grain output and market price. For example, plowman A thinks he has the ability to farm. With God's help, an acre of land can produce 500 Jin of grain. Then the market price at that time was a penny a catty, and President Wang could lend the plowman 500 pence. Farmer Han B thinks that God is a great grandson, but he doesn't know how to farm. An acre of land can only yield 100 Jin of grain, and farmer Han Yi can only borrow 100 pence from President Wang. Spring loan, autumn harvest repayment, interest 20%.
Because "young crops" (crops) are mortgaged to the government, officials and people call it "young crops law".
This primitive pattern has existed since ancient times. During the Warring States Period, when Li Kui, a great legalist, ruled Wei, he put forward a policy. At the harvest time, the government bought grain from the people at a price higher than the market price and stored it in a fixed place, which is today's grain depot. On that day, when the owner was unkind and confiscated nothing, the farmers cried for help, and the government pushed the stored grain to the market at a low price.
In the early Northern Song Dynasty, grain depots were everywhere, and some government officials and economists persuaded the government to build countless grain depots everywhere. But over time, it is quite doubtful whether the grain depot is full of grain. When Wang Anshi was engaged in the "Young Crop Law" in Ningbo, the central officials reported to Song Renzong that the grain in our Dasong Grain Depot came from Marshal Huagai, and it was not a problem to eat it for decades. Song Renzong was so happy that he sent someone to check it out. The mice in the grain depot starved to death. Where did the food go? Only the official in charge of the grain depot knows.
Even if there is grain in the grain depot, it is necessary to sow in spring. If the previous year was not a bumper harvest year and the cultivators ate all the seeds and grain, how could they afford to buy the grain put on the market by the government! The plowman could not drink the northwest wind, so he borrowed usury to buy seeds. As a result, with God's help, we can survive the winter. If God is lazy or disruptive, the plowman can't even afford the usury.
Sharp-eyed Wang Anshi naturally thought of the "seedling method."
The legend of Wang Anshi's county magistrate gives people a lot of inspiration. Only with strategic vision, more knowledge and more innovative consciousness can we really be a good county magistrate and finally get the praise of the people.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Wang Anshi