How many layers of car paint are there?
In the traditional painting process, the paint surface of an automobile is divided into four layers. * * * plays a role in protecting and beautifying the car body. With the improvement of technology, the complexity can reach seven or eight layers. Take the four layers of traditional technology, from the inside out, they are electrophoresis, medium coating, color paint and varnish.
1, electrophoretic layer (cathodic electrophoresis)
The pretreated white car is put into electrophoretic paint with cations, positive electricity is applied to the anode tube and wall plate at the bottom of the electrophoretic tank, and negative electricity is applied to the car body, so that a potential difference is formed between the anode tube and the car body. The positively charged cationic electrophoretic paint migrates to the white car under the action of the potential difference, and finally a dense paint film is formed on the car body, which is called electrophoretic paint. The electrophoretic paint becomes an electrophoretic layer after drying in an oven.
Electrophoretic layer can be considered as a paint layer directly attached to the car body steel plate, so it is also called primer. In fact, in the previous treatment, a phosphating layer was formed between the electrophoretic layer and the steel plate, which was very, very thin, only a few μ m.
Electrophoretic layer has two main functions, one is rust prevention, and the other is to improve the adhesion of paint layer. Among the four paint layers of car paint, the antirust ability of electrophoretic layer is the most important and crucial.
2. Medium coating
The intermediate coating is a paint layer between the electrophoretic layer and the color paint layer, which is sprayed by the robot with the intermediate coating.
Its function is very simple, which can not only resist ultraviolet rays, protect electrophoretic layer, improve antirust ability, but also give consideration to smoothness and impact resistance of paint surface, and finally provide a certain adhesion for colored paint layer. It can be seen that the intermediate coating is actually the connecting link between the front and rear paint layers, which plays a connecting role between the electrophoretic layer and the colored paint layer.
3, color paint layer
The colored paint layer, as the name implies, is a colored paint layer, which provides us with the most direct color perception, either red or black, or kingfisher blue, or Pittsburgh gray, or cashmere silver, or supersonic seasonal white. The quality of paint coating directly determines the expressive force of car body color, and its functionality is very important.
Colored paints can be divided into three types according to different additives: plain paints, metallic paints and pearlescent paints.
(1), plain paint is pure color, red is just a kind of red, and white is just a kind of white, which is very simple, without other hue doping and metal flash, so it is called plain paint. Compared with metallic paint and pearlescent paint, plain paint has lower cost and monotonous color, and will not change even under different lighting conditions.
(2) Metal paint is based on plain paint, and metal particles (aluminum powder) are added. The earliest car painting, only plain paint. Later, it was found that adding ultra-fine aluminum powder to plain paint made the paint layer feel metallic. Under the illumination, the light is reflected by aluminum powder and comes out through the paint film, as if the whole paint layer is shining with metallic luster.
Metallic paints are widely used at present, and most of the dark colors are metallic paints, such as red, yellow, blue, green, purple, silver and gray.
(3) Pearlescent paint can be understood as replacing aluminum powder in metallic paint with mica or pearl powder (rarely used by manufacturers), and metallic paint becomes pearlescent paint. At present, pearlescent paint is mainly white, which is often called pearlescent white. In the light, it is not pure white, but pearl-like color. This is because mica itself is a flaky transparent crystal. After the light enters the paint layer, it will undergo very complicated refraction and interference through mica, and mica itself has some shades of green, brown, yellow and pink, which makes pearlescent paint add a very rich pearl-like flash on the basis of the main color. The same paint surface will have subtle changes from different angles, and the richness and rendering power of colors will be greatly increased, giving people a luxurious and noble feeling.
4, varnish layer
The varnish layer is the outermost layer of car paint, and it is a transparent paint layer that we can touch directly with our fingertips. The main function of varnish is to improve the gloss of paint surface, enhance the texture and prevent ultraviolet rays and slight scratches.
Although the original car paint has several layers, it is still relatively thin. Worried about the problem of car paint in the later period, it is still necessary to do crystal plating or invisible car clothing protection.
What are the maintenance methods of car paint?
The correct way to protect car paint;
1. Park your car in the garage as much as possible. When parking, don't be exposed to strong sunlight to reduce rain.
2. Don't dry-clean the car, the small sand on it may wear the paint surface, so be sure to rinse it with water.
3. The car should be glazed once after it has just been bought, and then polished less and waxed more.
Don't leave it lying around when you go out to park. If it gets in the way, get someone to paint the car.
Wrong way of car paint protection:
1, often washing cars in street shops.
Some car owners think that there is little difference between car washing in street shops and car washing in professional beauty shops. Actually, this is not the case, because the cheap cleaners used in street shops are usually very alkaline, and the water used is not necessarily clean. Although it can also clean the car body, it will do great harm to the paint surface of the car.
2, too lazy to wash the car on rainy days
Now the air pollution in the city is very serious, and it often rains acid rain, which is very corrosive to the car body. Therefore, car owners should not think that they can be lazy without washing their cars in rainy days. In fact, on the contrary, they need to wash their cars frequently.
3, the new car without paint care.
The new car is really in the best condition, but the paint maintenance should start from the day when the new car leaves the 4S shop. The traditional Chinese medicine regimen of "three-point treatment and seven-point support" is also applicable to new cars. When you get a new car, the paint is the easiest thing to damage. Generally, there are small scratches, scars on the paint surface, and the scars are white. That's a scraped paint surface. There is no need to touch up the paint. Light, use sand wax or wax more often. If it's heavy, just polish it.