Han Jingdi Liu Qi
Emperor Wen of Han attached great importance to agricultural production. After he acceded to the throne, he issued imperial edicts many times to persuade farmers to teach mulberry, set up a number of employees according to the proportion of household registration, and often gave rewards to encourage farmers to develop production. At the same time, he also pays attention to reducing the burden on the people. In the second year (before 178) and the twelfth year, Wendi "withdrew the land rent by half" twice, that is, the rent rate was reduced to 30 tax, and the land rent was completely exempted in the thirteenth year. Since then, the Han Dynasty has customized thirty taxes. During the Wendi period, the tax was reduced from 120 yuan per person per year to 40 yuan, and the corvee was reduced to once every three years. In the second year of Emperor Jingdi (before 155), the system of 17 years old in Qin Dynasty was changed to 20 years old, while the book fu in Han Dynasty was 23 years old. Emperor Wendi also issued the imperial edict of "prohibiting the relaxation of mountains and rivers", that is, opening the mountains and rivers that originally belonged to the country, thus promoting the development of farmers' sideline business and salt and iron production, which have a great relationship with the national economy and people's livelihood. In the twelfth year of Emperor Wendi, the customs clearance system was abolished, which was conducive to the circulation of commodities and economic ties between regions, and also promoted the development of agricultural production.
Emperor Wen of Han also carried out major reforms in criminal law since Qin Dynasty. (1) Criminals in the Qin Dynasty, that is, those who were sentenced to official service and were heavier than official service, mostly had no prison term and served hard labor for life. Emperor Wendi issued a decree and re-enacted the law, stipulating the term of imprisonment according to the seriousness of the crime; A sinner will be exempted from serving his sentence as Shu Ren. (2) According to the Qin law, the parents, brothers, sisters, wives and children of sinners should sit together, and the heavy ones should be put to death, while the light ones should be buried as official servants, which is called "sitting by death". Emperor Wen explicitly abolished it. (3) There were four kinds of corporal punishment in the Qin Dynasty, namely licking, licking and palace (see Yunmeng Qin Law). Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty abolished flogging, flogging and gouging and replaced them with flogging. Jingdi also reduced flogging. Although the latter two reforms were not seriously implemented at that time and later, many officials of Wendi were able to break the prison lightly, and were generous and not demanding, so the prison service was simple and the oppression suffered by the people was significantly reduced compared with that of Qin Dynasty.
The Wenjing Dynasty did not easily fight against the surrounding ethnic minorities and tried their best to maintain peaceful relations. Lu Houshi, Zhao Tuo, king of South Vietnam, became emperor on his own, serving in Fujian, Vietnam, Ou, Luo and other places, taking the Huang family as an opponent and the Han Dynasty as an enemy. After Emperor Wendi acceded to the throne, he repaired the ancestral grave for Zhao Tuo, honored Zhao Kundi, and sent Liu Jia to South Vietnam to write to Zhao Tuo, so Zhao Tuo went to Zuoge, Huang Wu, and joined the Han Dynasty. In the second year after Yuan Dynasty (BC 162), Wendi went to war with Xiongnu. Since then, although the Huns broke the contract and repeatedly violated the border, Emperor Wendi only ordered the border counties to be on strict guard and not to attack dispatch troops, so as not to disturb the people.
The reason why Wenjing became the flourishing age of feudal society is inseparable from the personal efforts of Emperor Wen. Shortly after he ascended the throne, he abolished the crime of slanderous words, and envoys were able to boldly put forward different opinions. Since the Qin dynasty, there have been so-called "secret wish" officials, and whenever there is a disaster, they will fight. In the thirteenth year of Emperor Wen, he abolished it and declared the emperor responsible for the mistakes and sins of officials. The next year, he forbade temple officials to bless him. Wendi is also quite frugal. During his twenty-three years in office, palaces, cars and clothes did not increase. He has repeatedly sent letters prohibiting counties from contributing rare foreign objects. His beloved Mrs. Shen doesn't mop the floor or embroider curtains. Wendi Deng once wanted to build a terrace. Hearing that he wanted one hundred gold, which was equivalent to the output of ten people in China, he gave up. Because Emperor Wen advocated frugality, the national financial expenditure was restrained and reduced at that time, and aristocratic bureaucrats dared not squander it, thus reducing the burden on the people, which was also one of the important contents of the "rest and recuperation" policy.