The precautions for hypertension include the following points: (1) Reasonable diet; (2) Moderate exercise; (3) Quit smoking and limit alcohol; (4) psychological balance; (5) self-management; (6) See a doctor on time. First, a reasonable diet Dietary habits that patients with hypertension should pay attention to First, we must control energy intake, advocate eating complex sugars, such as starch and corn, and eat less glucose, fructose and sucrose. These sugars are monosaccharides, which can easily lead to high blood lipids. ② Limit the intake of fat. Choose vegetable oil when cooking, and you can eat more marine fish. Marine fish contains unsaturated fatty acids, which can oxidize cholesterol, thus reducing plasma cholesterol, prolonging platelet aggregation, inhibiting thrombosis and preventing stroke, and contains more linoleic acid, which has a certain effect on increasing microvascular elasticity, preventing vascular rupture and preventing hypertension complications. ③ Appropriate intake of protein. The daily protein of patients with hypertension is per kilogram of body weight1g. Eating fish protein 2-3 times a week can improve blood vessel elasticity and permeability, increase urinary sodium excretion, and thus lower blood pressure. If hypertension is complicated with renal insufficiency, the intake of protein should be limited. ④ Eat more foods rich in potassium and calcium but low in sodium, such as potatoes, eggplant, kelp and lettuce. Foods with high calcium content: milk, yogurt and shrimp skin. Eat less broth, because the increase of nitrogen-containing extract in broth can promote the increase of uric acid in the body and increase the burden on the heart, liver and kidney. ⑤ Limit the salt intake: it should be gradually reduced to less than 6g every day, that is, after the rubber pad is removed from the ordinary beer lid, the salt in a flat lid is about 6g. This amount refers to the amount of salt, including the total amount of sodium converted into salt in edible salt and other foods. Proper reduction of sodium intake is helpful to lower blood pressure and reduce sodium and water retention in the body. 6. Lots of fresh vegetables and fruits. Eat no less than 8 Liang of fresh vegetables and 2 to 4 Liang of fruits every day. ⑦ Appropriately increase the intake of seafood: such as kelp, laver, seafood fish, etc. Second, moderate exercise 1, exercise precautions: ① Don't be too strong or too tired, and increase the amount of activity step by step. 2 pay attention to the surrounding environment and climate: summer: avoid the time when the sun shines at noon; Winter: Keep warm to prevent stroke. Wear comfortable and sweat-absorbent clothes: Choose cotton fabrics and sports shoes. ④ Choose safe places: such as parks and schools, not in the driveway or roadside. ⑤ When exercising, don't eat on an empty stomach to avoid hypoglycemia. It should be 2 hours after dinner. 2. Exercise contraindications ① Stop exercising when you are sick or uncomfortable ② Don't exercise immediately if you are hungry or one hour after meals ③ Don't stop exercising, and follow the steps of exercise program ④ If you feel uncomfortable during exercise, you should quit smoking immediately. Fourth, psychological balance The psychological manifestations of hypertensive patients are nervousness, irritability and emotional instability, all of which are the incentives for high blood pressure. Patients can cultivate good adaptability to the natural environment and society by changing their behavior, avoid emotional excitement, excessive tension and anxiety, and be calm when things go wrong. 5. Independent management 1. Blood pressure should be measured regularly, at least once every 1-2 weeks. 2. To treat hypertension, we should adhere to the "three hearts", that is, confidence, determination and perseverance. Only in this way can we prevent or delay the damage to important organs of the body. 3. Take antihypertensive drugs regularly, and don't reduce or stop taking them at will. It can be adjusted under the guidance of a doctor and combined with the current condition to prevent blood pressure from rebounding. 6. The blood pressure of the elderly should not be rushed, and the blood pressure should be controlled at 140- 159mmhg to reduce the occurrence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications. 7, the elderly and taking norepinephrine nerve endings blocking drugs to prevent postural hypotension 8, there is no need to strictly prohibit sexual life: pay attention to the following situations, it is not appropriate to have sexual life, 1 Don't have sexual intercourse immediately after drinking, 2 should prohibit sexual life, 3 If you feel dizzy, chest tightness and other discomfort, stop sexual life and seek medical advice in time.