Asexual reproduction refers to the reproductive mode in which some vegetative organs of plants-roots, stems and leaves-grow back into new plants after leaving the mother. The vegetative organs of many plants have the ability of regeneration, and the parts separated from the mother can grow adventitious roots and buds, and become new plants that can live independently in one step. Some plants that have been reproducing asexually for a long time have degenerated their sexual organs and cannot function.

Natural asexual reproduction is a way for plants to produce new plants without artificial assistance. Natural vegetative propagation is usually carried out through abnormal vegetative organs such as bulbs, tubers, corms, rhizomes and tubers. For example, the scales of lily, narcissus and other plants store a lot of nutrients, which are used as nutrients when the plants bloom and bear fruit in the next year; The terminal buds on tubers of potatoes, yams and other plants and axillary buds in bud eyes can grow and develop in the next year and grow into new plants; Sagittarius Sagittarius, water chestnut, etc. Reproduce by bulbs in a manner similar to tubers. Bamboo, ginger and weeds in the field, such as white grass and thistle, are propagated by underground rhizomes; The asexual propagation of sweet potato, dahlia and other plants often grows adventitious buds near the root end of the tuber and hairy adventitious roots at the end of the tuber. Many adventitious buds will be born on the common roots of acacia, poplar and other woody plants, which can also achieve the purpose of reproduction when they grow up; Strawberries and other plants use creeping stolons that spread on the ground for vegetative propagation; Rooting on the ground produces adventitious roots and buds from the edge of fallen leaves.

In production, in order to preserve excellent strains of plants or create new varieties, people usually use artificial methods for asexual reproduction, which is called artificial asexual reproduction. Artificial asexual reproduction is widely used in agriculture, forestry, horticulture and other production practices. The common artificial nutrition propagation measures in production practice include separation, cutting, layering and grafting.

Ramet propagation refers to the method of manually dividing the new plants from the organs such as roots and creeping branches of plants, separating them from the mother, and transplanting them to appropriate places for their growth, such as the propagation of strawberries, apples, cherries and ginkgo biloba.

Cutting is to cut off branches, roots or leaves of plants and insert them into wet soil or other well-drained substrates. After a certain period of time, adventitious roots grow from the inserted branches, roots or leaves, and develop into new individuals from later buds or newly grown adventitious buds. Such as cutting propagation of willow and poplar; Root-cutting propagation of pears, apples and figs; Cutting propagation of begonia and citrus.

Layering is a method of peeling and planting new plants that have grown into adventitious roots through certain measures, which is usually used for plants with slow rooting. Such as grapes, tea, white orchids, osmanthus and so on.

Grafting is a method of transplanting branches or buds of one plant to another plant with roots, so that they can heal each other and grow together. Grafting can be divided into butt joint, branch grafting and bud grafting. Grafting is not available in other asexual reproduction in improving plant varieties and increasing yield.