Pine is a highly respected plant in ancient and modern times. "Flower Mirror" says: "Pine is the length of a hundred trees, ... many knots last forever, the skin is as thick as a dragon forest, and the leaves are as thin as a horse's mane, which will not wither in case of frost and snow, and will not wither for a thousand years." In Song Dynasty, Wang Anshi said in Zi Shuo: "Pine is the length of a hundred trees, which is still fair. Therefore, the word is male. " Some people spell Song as Eighteen Gong, Feng Zizhen wrote Eighteen Gong Fu in Yuan Dynasty, Lu Hong wrote The Biography of Mu Gong in Ming Dynasty, and Tao Zhu, a modern revolutionary and strategist, also wrote The Style of Pine Tree, and so on. In history, Qin Shihuang visited Mount Tai, and when the storm suddenly came, he took shelter from the rain in Grand Panasonic. Later, he named the tree "Five Doctors" and later called it "Five Doctor Pines". Qionglin tells the story of children's learning: "Bamboo is a gentleman, and it is a doctor", from which language comes. Pine trees are cold-resistant and drought-resistant, can grow in cool and dry rock crevices, are evergreen in winter and summer, and frost and snow do not fade, so they can be proud of frost and snow. Pine trees can live a long life. As the folk birthday saying goes, "Life is like flowing water in the East China Sea, and life is longer than that in Nanshan." There are often three friends (pine, bamboo and plum) in calligraphy and painting to show good luck. In paintings, utensils and decorations, there are often "pine and cypress in the same spring", "pine and chrysanthemum in the same spring" and "fairy pot in the same celebration" (clusters of bottles such as pine branches, daffodils, plum blossoms and Ganoderma lucidum). Pine trees are widely regarded as auspicious tree species.

There are sages in the cypress, so the word is white. White, western orthochromatic. "Don't go along with others, be loyal and ethical, and have a high status." In Zi Shuo, Wang Anshi said, "White is rich, so the word is white". Pine is "public" and cypress is "rich". Among the five lords, Bo ranked third, and Bo was likened to "the land with three public places".

"Custom Pass" contains: Charm loves to eat the liver and brain of the dead, and fears tigers and cypresses. Therefore, there are hundreds of miles of Shi Hu in the mausoleum of Yin House. Folk customs also like to use cypress trees to ward off evil spirits. "Compendium of Materia Medica" says "Use wine to ward off evil spirits on New Year's Day" ("cypress trees are dry and durable, but difficult to coagulate, so they are long-lived trees, so they can be eaten. Taoism often drinks soup and uses wine to ward off evil spirits on New Year's Day, all of which are taken from some. It is also true that the musk deer ate incense and the hairy girl ate light. (Catwoman, when he was emperor in "Bao Puzi", the hunter saw a naked woman in Zhong Nanshan, covered in hair, jumping like a torrent, and then caught her through the encirclement. Q, it is Qin's maid-in-waiting. She fled into the mountains to escape chaos, hunger and lack of food. An old man taught Cypress to eat, so she was neither hungry nor cold, and her body was as light as flying. When Han Dang was emperor, he should be 300 years old! The legend of the immortals also said that "you must eat cedar well and your teeth will regenerate" and "serve cedar for many years." "Han Gong Yi" says: "Drinking cypress wine will prolong your life". In the concept of folklore, the homonym "Bai" of Bai is extremely numerous and comprehensive, covering everything: Pepsi, Hundred Birds, Hundred Rivers and so on. Therefore, auspicious patterns are common: cypress and Ruyi are combined into "Ruyi", and cypress and orange are combined into "Ruyi" (orange is similar to auspicious sound). There is a saying in The Journey to the West: "It is a custom in Hangzhou to sign cypress branches and persimmons with big oranges on the first day of the New Year, which means everything is fine. Cupressus, persimmons and oranges are the same as Pepsi. "

Osmanthus fragrans is produced in the south of China. There are many kinds of Osmanthus fragrans, such as Dangui, Jingui, Yin Gui Osmanthus, Myanmar Osmanthus and Liushugui. Among them, Dangui, Jingui and Yin Gui are named after red, yellow and white. Gui Xiang blooms in August (the lunar calendar). Therefore, August is also called "Gui Yue". Osmanthus fragrans has a strong aroma and can be used as tea and medicine bait. Custom regards osmanthus as an auspicious plant. Imperial High School has always been called "the laurel is broken in the middle of the month" and "the laurel tree is broken". When future generations succeeded in their careers, it was once called "Gui Lan Qifang". During the Five Dynasties, Dou of Yanshan gave birth to five sons, who became rich one after another. Feng Dao, the minister, offered a poem saying: "Yanshan fights Shi Lang, teaching the son righteousness, being angry and being fragrant with osmanthus." "Holy Amethyst" also records the historical fact that "Dou Yanshan had a righteous side, taught five sons and became famous".

Yin Gui is "expensive", which means prosperity. Some customs, the bride wears sweet-scented osmanthus, the fragrance is "expensive". The combination of laurel and lotus seed is "the birth of your son"; The picture of Gui and Shou Tao is "Your Longevity" and so on. Gui has auspicious meaning, which comes from homophonic. However, the physiological habits of plants, Guangxi is greasy, suitable for growing in non-greasy academies, temples and homes.

Toona sinensis is regarded as a tree of longevity, which means good luck. "Zhuangzi Xiaoyao Tour" says: "In ancient times, there were big Chinese toons, taking 8,000 years as spring and 8,000 years as autumn". Textual research on the life span of Toona sinensis. "Compendium of Materia Medica" says: "A test of coffin longevity". People often celebrate their birthdays with "Spring Year" and "Spring Order". Qian Qi's poem "The Old Man on the Cliff" in the Tang Dynasty said: "The words of geographical location and the joy of spring are getting longer and longer". In Song Dynasty, Liu Yong's "Yu Jie Xing" said: "There are endless orders, and Luotu is celebrated, and he is often the master of Kun." Since ancient times, Shoulian has: "Banquet depends on brewing chrysanthemums; Good luck in class. " "Toona sinensis Chihiro; Flat peaches are a few degrees red. " "The big toon is often not old, and the bushes are most suitable for autumn." Because Toona sinensis has a long life, it is often used to refer to his father. In the poem Farewell to Xu Hao written by Mou Rong in the Tang Dynasty, he said, "Knowing that you are leaning here is full of snow. "The above sentence (given by Gui and Feng Dao to Dou) also refers to the father's metaphor:' One branch is old and five branches are Gui Xiang'. Spring rain refers to the father, while mystery refers to the mother. There is a saying in Zhu Quan's Collection of Chai Jin in the Ming Dynasty: "Unfortunately, there is a funeral in Chunting, and I deeply rely on Xuantang to teach my adults. "In addition, in some areas (such as southwestern Shandong), there is a folk custom that children touch Toona sinensis on New Year's Eve and walk around it in order to grow taller and live longer.

There is a saying in Huai: "A tree in front of the door is either treasure or wealth." As an auspicious tree species. It is considered to be "the essence of spiritual stars" and has the ability to arbitrate litigation. "Spring and Autumn Period and Yuan Dynasty" says: "A tree must hear a lawsuit." The drama "Fairy Couple" also has the plot of getting married under Huaiyin tree and then sending the children under Huaiyin tree. "Flower Mirror" says: "Many people are planted in front of the hospital, one takes its shade, and the other takes Sanhuai as a good omen, expecting the meaning of the future generations." In addition, Sophora japonica can also be used as medicine. "Compendium of Materia Medica" says: "The buds of Sophora japonica can be fried with boiling water and used for contemporary tea drinking. Or picking locust seeds in the boundary and picking seedlings are also good. " "Bao Puzi" says: "This thing can nourish the brain, and if you take it early, you will live forever." The farewell record of the famous doctor reads: "Make your brain white and live forever." Sophora japonica is beneficial to people, often used for greening, and is also indispensable for feng shui layout.

Indus is a kind of paulownia. Tung trees include tung trees, paulownia trees, tung trees with purple flowers, tung trees with white flowers and sycamore trees. Tung has many uses. Chen Juan said in "The Tree of Tung": "The tree of Tung is harvested at times without decay, damaged by waterlogging, weathered by wind and sun without cracking, and beaten by rain without withering. It is dry and wet, but its quality remains the same. Although Nan has a long life, he will never be an enemy and grow old with the rich. " Tung oil can be squeezed, paulownia is the most shady, and phoenix tree is suitable for making piano. In his Lun Heng, Wang Chong said: "Emperor Shenzong cut the martial arts into a piano". "The Book of Songs. "Yongding Fengfang" said: "The hazel chestnut on the tree, the paulownia in the chair, and the harp and harp are all cut." Qi Yaomin wrote: "People born between rocks in Wu Tong will sing for musical instruments." The Book of the Later Han Dynasty says: "Cai Yong visited Mount Tai and saw tung burning. When he heard the explosion, he said,' This is good wood' and replaced it with a piano. " It is because of Jiao Wei that he became a famous piano. Up to now, viola is painted with "burning tail". I don't know where it started. The author is ignorant! The Indus River is considered as a "spiritual tree" and has the ability to complete the current events. "Tai Ping Guang Ji" quoted Wang as saying: "Fusang, phoenix tree and pine and cypress are all different from others." "Li Fengwei Yi" said: "Its politics is peaceful, and the phoenix tree is eternal." "Ruiying Picture" says: "If you appoint a sage, the phoenix tree will be born in the East Room." On the contrary, "Kyushu is different without phoenix trees." Wu Tong's spirituality and his ability to tell the age, The Flower Mirror says: "This wood can tell the age, and when it is clear, it will be finished (the word bi, Gu Hua, Huawei are the same words-the author's note). Not beautiful, it gets cold when you get old. Beginning of autumn, a leaf falls first, so there is a saying that' the phoenix tree falls a leaf and the world knows autumn'. " Sima Guang's poem "Wu Tong" said: "When you first hear a leaf falling, you know it is nine Qiu Lai." "Flower Mirror" contains: Indus "each branch has twelve leaves and one side has six leaves, counting from January to leap month with thirteen leaves. Look at a small part of the leaf, that is, you know what month it is. The spirituality of the phoenix tree is said to attract the phoenix. " Book of Songs. Elegant. Volume 1 "Cloud: The Phoenix is deafening, in Gorkon. Wutongsheng, in the morning. " In the Song Dynasty, Zou Bo's Audio-visual Record said: "The phoenix tree birds dare not live, so they can only avoid the phoenix." China's dragon and phoenix, in myths and legends, the phoenix is a divine bird. Indus, which can attract the phoenix, is naturally a magical plant. Xiangrui's phoenix tree is often combined with magpie in the pattern, which is homophonic for "happiness" and also has auspicious meaning.

According to modern plant taxonomy, bamboo belongs to Gramineae. The ancients in China made a special comment on bamboo, and added a humanistic point of view. According to Bamboo Spectrum published in Jin Dynasty, bamboo is "neither soft nor hard, neither grass nor wood". Poems and songs about bamboo in past dynasties have been praised one after another. Bamboo is closely related to people's livelihood. Bamboo can be used for building houses, making pens, making paper, making furniture and carving. "Flower Mirror" thinks: "It is worthy of frost and snow without withering, and the four seasons are often lush, not enchanting, and both refined and popular tastes." Scholars regard bamboo as a saint and a gentleman. Bai Juyi said in Bamboo Cultivation: "Bamboo is like a saint. What is it? Bamboo is solid, and tree is solid. The gentleman sees this, thinks it is good, and sees its perseverance. The bamboo heart is empty, and the body is empty. When a gentleman sees his heart, he thinks about the recipient. The bamboo knot is faithful, and the chastity is determined. When a gentleman sees his festival, he thinks about sharpening his knife and merits, which is consistent with danger. If the husband is like this, then the gentleman is also. " The virtue of bamboo makes people want to live with sages, so there is a saying that "it is better to eat without meat than to live without bamboo". In China bamboo culture, bamboo is compared to a gentleman. In Chinese painting, pine, bamboo and plum are often called "three friends of the old and the cold". Wu Qing Tu is pine, bamboo, plum, moon and water, and Wu Rui Tu is pine, bamboo, mysterious, orchid and longevity stone, which often appear in painters' works. There are many kinds of bamboos, including hundreds of categories. Many bamboos have cultural connotations. Such as: Phyllostachys bambusa (xiangfei bamboo), Cizhu (also known as Zhu Xiaozhu and Zi Muzhu), Arhat bamboo, Polygonatum odoratum, Tianzhu, Nanda bamboo and so on. If Tianzhu is combined with pumpkin and Catharanthus roseus into a pattern, the homophonic meaning can constitute the meaning of "Changchun in heaven and earth" and "everlasting". Bamboo is also homophonic "bamboo", which has the customary meaning of good wishes.

Albizia Albizia: Deciduous tree with pinnate compound leaves, which symbolizes the love and harmony of husband and wife and the happiness of marriage. Therefore, it is called "marriage" tree. Since the Han Dynasty, the word "Acacia" has been deeply rooted in China's marriage culture. There are Albizia Temple, Albizia quilt, Albizia hat, Albizia knot, Albizia banquet and Albizia cup. There is a line in the poem: "Join the bloom Lotus Tree, and the new wine will enter the acacia cup". Acacia julibrissin is regarded by scholars as a tree to alleviate hatred and anxiety. "Flower Mirror" said: "Acacia, an angry person, will give a green dress, and green clothes are Acacia, so you can forget about being angry." Ji Kang's "Theory of Health Preservation" also said: "Love is bitter, but day lilies forget their worries." Because there are many "planting steps", it is suitable for planting in the yard next to the house.

Jujube is a common tree species next to residential buildings in China. Wood is hard. It can be used to make utensils and woodcuts. Ancient books were once called "jujube books". If the fruit is eaten, it can "replenish the middle jiao and serve the immortal for a long time" (Herbal Classic). Jujube trees bear fruit early, and young trees can bear fruit. There is a folk proverb in the north: "peaches, apricots and pears take five years, and jujube trees pay in the same year", which shows that it is effective quickly. Jujube is homophonic "early", and the folk taste has jujube chestnut (or litchi) pattern, which is homophonic "early fruit" In the wedding ceremony, there is a combination of jujube and longan as a gift, homophonic "early birth of your son", and the wedding uses jujube, chestnut and peanuts to "spread the bill" for good luck.

Chestnuts are edible and medicinal, which has positive significance. In ancient times, chestnuts were the gods (the spirit tablet of the deceased), and the gods of ancestral halls were called "chestnuts". The ancients used it to express the sincerity of women. The Book of Rites Quli says: "A woman's heart is preserved with hazelnuts and pruned with dates and chestnuts." "Mandarin" also said: "Couples can't be loyal to dates and chestnuts, but they can tell their filial piety." "Taiping Magnolia" says: "There is a secluded room home in Dongmen Chestnut." Conducive to family and beauty. Chestnuts are homophonic with "Lizi" and are the mascots for finding children. Jujube, chestnut, peanut, pomegranate, etc. , often used in wedding tables or tents or the bride's arms to obtain auspicious customs and culture.

Peach is native to China and has the cultural characteristics of China. There are important contexts in folk customs, religions and aesthetic concepts. Peach blossom is red, white, pink, crimson, brilliant and charming. In China, people often use peach blossom to describe the beauty of a beautiful woman, and the word "peach" is often used in things related to women. Such as, peach blossom makeup, peach blossom luck, peach blossom news and so on. This culture spread eastward to Japan, and the Lufengchang (bathing place) in Japan was also marked with "peach soup" and "pine soup" (female bath and male bath). But people like peaches. People think peaches have aura. If peaches don't bloom in March, it indicates a fire. March is also called "Peach Moon". According to China mythology, peach trees are made of walking sticks of Kuafu who chased the sun. Shan Hai Jing said: "Kuafu was driven out of Japan. When he entered Japan, he was thirsty and wanted to drink water. He drank Wei water, but Wei water was not enough. He drank osawa in the north, died of thirst before he arrived, abandoned his staff and became Deng Lin. (Deng Lin is Tao Lin) ". Dou Yun Shu in the Spring and Autumn Period also said: "Yu Hengxing scattered into peaches". Whether the peach was changed by the staff of God or the Big Dipper is different. "Taiping Yulan" quoted Dian Lun as saying: "Those who are peaches are excellent in five trees, so those who hate evil spirits are also. The essence of peach is born in the gate of hell, making hundreds of ghosts. Therefore, today, I am a peach man who sticks to the door and hates evil spirits. " Peach is a hundred ghosts, and ghosts are afraid of peach wood. The ancients used mahogany to make things that hated victory and ward off evil spirits.

Such as: peach seal, peach symbol, peach sword, peach person, etc. Since the writing of Spring Festival couplets on mahogany boards in the Five Dynasties, the custom of Spring Festival couplets is still circulating after the Spring Festival, but it has been replaced by red paper materials. On the Dragon Boat Festival, sticking peach branches on the door is also a custom concept that peaches can ward off evil spirits. In addition, peach fruit has the reputation of "Xiantao" and "Shoutao". The flat peach, which originated from the myth of Yaochi, the queen mother of the West, bloomed for 3,000 years and bore fruit for 3,000 years. It is said that eating it can prolong life by 600 years. Peach trees are often used as gardens and greenhouses because of their beautiful flowers and fresh fruits, which can ward off evil spirits in customs and psychology, and are easy to plant because of fewer diseases.