8th grade Volume I Chinese Final Comprehensive Test Paper (with answers and question-by-question analysis)
(Time:120min, full mark:120min)
I. Accumulation and Application (25 points)
1. Read the following paragraph and answer the questions as required. (6 points)
He was born with a hairy face, with more vegetation than open space. The thick beard Z: () makes it difficult to see his inner world clearly. Long beard () A lost his cheek, and B lost his lip, covering yǒu ()' s black face wrinkled like bark, standing in the wind one by one, quite like an elder. A finger-wide eyebrow stands upright like a tangled root. A lock of gray curly hair piled up on my forehead like foam. ..... Just like Michelangelo painted Moses, Tolstoy's unforgettable image comes from his beard, just like the white waves of D.
(1) Please pay attention to the words added in the previous paragraph or write Chinese characters in Pinyin. (4 points)
(2) Please choose the appropriate words from the following options and fill them in A, B, C and D of the selected words. (Fill in serial number only) (2 points)
Options: ① flapping ② covering ③ covering ④ rolling.
Answer: (1) Lan Li (2) A.3b.2c.1D.④.
2. One of the following words without typos is (2 points) and (b).
A. lifelike, no doubt, clever and terrible
B. Sit tight, be creative, mountainous and adapt to local conditions.
C. in the eyes of the public, the rude treatment of indiscriminate spring coldness is chilling and shoulder to shoulder.
D. toss and turn in the dark, nod, lower eyebrows, cadence.
Introduction: "beyond doubt" in item B A should be "beyond doubt"; In item C, "rough treatment and indiscriminate manufacturing" should be "rough manufacturing"; In item D, "suddenly eclipsed" should be "eclipsed".
3. In the following sentences, the inappropriate use of additional words is (2 points) and (b).
A. According to the survey, among all kinds of uncivilized behaviors, citizens hate the behavior of not obeying traffic laws and running red lights.
B Every time I encounter troubles, I can't help lying on the grass and letting the breeze caress my face, hoping that I can turn into a gust of wind and fly freely in the sky.
C. In ordinary life, there are often some uncontrollable emotions. Let us bend down with a smile, count the memories like flying beads and splashing jade, and tell our gratitude for life.
D. If we lose the supreme integrity, people will keep their distance, keep careful communication and avoid harm carefully.
Introduction: b "pitching posture" means that no matter looking down or up, it will form a beautiful posture, which cannot be described by invisible wind.
4. One of the following statements is incorrect (2 points) and (c).
A poem "Mr. Fujino" is selected from Lu Xun's prose collection "Morning Flowers Rising in the Evening", "From Baicaoyuan to Santan Printing the Moon" and "Five Class Meeting".
B. Zhu Ziqing is a modern prose writer, poet and democracy fighter. Spring, Back, and Miscellaneous Notes on European Travel are all his works.
C entomology is a famous popular science book written by British entomologist Fabers, with vivid writing, humorous language and full of interest.
D "Notes on Shui Jing" is a geographical work with great Gao Wenxue value. The author Li Daoyuan is a geographer in the Northern Wei Dynasty, and the Three Gorges is selected from Notes on Water Classics.
Introduction: Fabres, the entomologist of C, is French, not English.
5. Among the following sentences, (2 points) and (c) are not bad choices.
A. This year, our school's "Scholarly Campus" activity has achieved fruitful results, and it was rated as a model school of "Scholarly Campus" in the city.
B. To learn how to make rockhopper, we should not only have persistent learning spirit, but also see if we are interested in this traditional skill.
C Except Jinhua Taste, the sales of other similar books in Xinhua Bookstore are not optimistic.
D. Shajinlan Water Conservation Ecological Function Zone undertakes the important task of drinking water safety for about 700,000 people in urban areas.
Introduction: Item C A, change "our school's' scholarly campus' activity" to "our school is in the' scholarly campus' activity". If the word order in item B is improper, you should switch between "persistent spirit of research" and "see if you are interested in this traditional skill". If item D is not properly matched, the word "responsible" should be changed to "bear" or "bear", and the word "about" or "many" in "about 700,000 people" should also be deleted.
6. Write the text silently as required. (8 points)
(1) There is nothing I can do, and I seem to have seen Yan before. ("Huanxisha")
(2) I smoothed my white hair. It has become so thin that it can no longer hold hairpins. (Hope in Spring)
(3) In Wild Goose Gate, the sentence expressing soldiers' patriotic feelings with allusions is: report to the emperor on the golden platform and support Yulong to die for him.
(4) Whether in the war years or today, we should keep a sense of hardship, as Mencius said, "Born in hardship, died in happiness".
(5) In the article "Three Gorges", the sentence that highlights the rapidity of water flow through comparison is: riding against the wind is not a disease.
7. Summarize the main contents of the following news in one sentence. (3 points) (no more than 20 words)
According to the comprehensive news of this newspaper, two Chinese dictation programs, Hero of Chinese Characters and Chinese Dictation Conference, have been very popular recently. They not only put Chinese dictation classes on TV, but also let adults who have left campus for many years willingly "accompany the exam" and learn to write honestly. Relevant data show that this program ranked first in Weibo topic TV program within 6 hours, even surpassing many programs such as The Voice of China. The popularity of two Chinese dictation programs has made many people in China exclaim that they can't write, which has once again aroused people's concern about the cultural inheritance of Chinese characters.
A: (example 1) The program of Chinese character dictation contest has aroused people's concern about Chinese characters. (Example 2) The popularity of two Chinese dictation programs makes China people exclaim that they can't write. (Just write "The program is popular" and no points will be given)
Second, reading comprehension (45 points)
(1) Read the following ancient poem and answer questions 8-9. (5 points)
Red Wall
Du Mu
A broken iron halberd sank into the sand and disappeared, only to find that it was the remnant of Battle of Red Cliffs after grinding and washing.
If the east wind is not convenient for Zhou Yu, I'm afraid the outcome will be Cao Cao's victory and Er Qiao's detention in Tongquetai.
8. In terms of genre, this is a quatrain, and in terms of content, it is an epic. (2 points)
9. The last two sentences are full of emotion, contrary to the traditional view that if Zhou Yu didn't borrow the east wind, the winner might be Cao Cao, which expresses the author's political views and unique historical knowledge that heroes don't judge success or failure (or heroes have a certain chance of success). (3 points)
(2) Read the following classical Chinese and answer the question 10 ~ 13. (14)
A letter to Zhu Yuan
The wind and smoke are clean, and the Tianshan Mountains are colorful. Floating from the stream, anything. From Fuyang to Tonglu, it is unparalleled in the world.
The water is blue, and thousands of feet bottoms out. You can swim with the fine stones and look directly at them. If fierce wave rushes, how fast the arrow will go.
The mountains near the shore are all cold trees, competing for novelty and beauty, competing for the high finger peak. The spring stirs the stone and keeps ringing; Good birds sing, they rhyme. Cicadas are endless, and apes are endless. People flying in the sky, watching the peaks rest; He who is in charge of the affairs of the world looks at the valley and forgets to betray. The horizontal branches are covered, and the day is still faint; The thin strips set each other off, and sometimes the sun shines.
10. Explain the meaning of adding words in the following sentences. (3 points)
(1) The torrent is very sharp, and fierce wave rushes (gallops).
(2) Cicada turns a thousand times ("turn" is the same as "goo goo" and birds sing the same)
(3) Look at the valley and forget the inverse ("inverse" is the same as "return", return)
1 1. Please choose one (3 points) (d) from the following sentences with the same meaning.
A. There is nothing wrong with negative potential competition/residence. If it is rising, it is not allowed to enter.
B: It's 100 miles from Fuyang to Tonglu.
C.cicadas are endless
D. at the age of 90/ the son of heaven
Introduction: item d, item a, and "Shang" mean "upward" and "emperor" respectively; "Xu" in item B means "left and right" and "approval" respectively; Item c, "poverty" means "stop" and "end" respectively; Item D, "and" all mean "will".
12. Translate the following sentences in modern Chinese. (4 points)
(1) negative potentials compete with each other. (2 points)
With its (lofty) terrain, the mountains are striving for progress, as if they are all trying to extend to high places and distant places.
(2) The horizontal branches are covered, and they are still vague during the day; The thin strips set each other off, and sometimes the sun shines. (2 points)
Covered with diagonal branches, it is as black as dusk even during the day. Sparse branches cover each other, and sometimes you can see the sun.
13. The ancient people wrote landscapes, all of which were saturated with deep understanding and deep thinking about nature, society and life, and expressed their pursuit of a better life and ideal personality. A Letter to Zhu and Thank you Zhongshu are both such works. Please answer: What are the similarities between the thoughts and feelings expressed in these two works? (4 points)
A: They all express the pleasure of living in harmony with nature, and express the author's noble interest in loving beautiful nature and retiring from the world.
(3) (Baotou, 20 16) Read the following explanation and complete the questions from 14 to 17. ( 1 1)
Chopsticks spring and autumn
It is impossible to prove when our ancestors began to use chopsticks. But these two gadgets, once skillfully manipulated, are extremely dexterous to use. No wonder some western scholars praised chopsticks as the representative of ancient oriental civilization.
② Chopsticks were called "ba" in the pre-Qin period, beside the wooden characters, not "clubs". Book of rites? Regarding Quli, it is mentioned that "those who have dishes in the soup must use it", and Zheng Xuan's evaluation is "Shang Ya". Sima Qian's Historical Records? "Song Weizi Family" said, "It started as an elephant, and Ji Zi sighed:' If it is an elephant, it must be jade.' It shows that the title of "Qi" began in Shang Dynasty.
There is a saying that "chopsticks" have become today's "chopsticks" "Chopsticks" is called "Chopsticks" because it has the same sound as "Ju", which is unlucky for boat people. Because "chopsticks" are mostly made of bamboo, adding a bamboo prefix to the word "chopsticks" becomes "chopsticks". Although some people called chopsticks "chopsticks" or "chopsticks" in the Ming Dynasty, Kangxi dictionary in the Qing Dynasty only accepted chopsticks, not chopsticks.
(4) The Book of Rites says, "You can't eat from chopsticks". In the pre-Qin period, people grabbed food with their hands while eating, and chopsticks were only used to pick up food. Judging from the evolution of diet, it was natural for primitive society to grasp food by hand, and then the food container developed into a "dagger" with a shallow crank, much like today's spoon. Today's "spoon" is believed to have developed from "Bi", but it is not as convenient as using chopsticks to hold dishes.
⑤ Theoretically, the opportunity to promote the birth of chopsticks should be that cooked food is hot. It is reasonable to speculate that the ancestors invented drilling wood for fire, cooking food and fishing with branches at will, because primitive humans lived in forests and caves, and the most convenient material was branches. Judging from the shape of chopsticks now, they also have the characteristics of primitive bamboo sticks.
Although chopsticks are tableware, they are like miniature fitness equipment. Some scholars have pointed out that when eating with chopsticks, more than 30 joints and more than 50 muscles of the human body will be affected, which will help stimulate the activities of the nervous system.
Chopsticks are just small tableware, but they are full of charm and become a symbol of civilization and progress. French thinker Roland? Speaking of chopsticks, Bart thinks that chopsticks are not used to cut, tie and cut like knives and forks in western tableware, so "food is no longer a prey under people's violence, but a harmonious substance."
(Author Li Yangbo, selected from Guangming Daily 20 16, slightly deleted)
14. What does this article introduce about "chopsticks"? (4 points)
Answer: (1) The origin and evolution of the word "chopsticks". (2) The speculation about the birth of chopsticks. (3) Using chopsticks is good for health. (4) Using chopsticks is a sign of civilization and progress.
15. What kind of explanation method is used in the underlined part of the fourth paragraph, and what is its function? (3 points)
Answer: For comparison, through the comparison between "chopsticks" and "dagger" (or "spoon"), it shows that using "chopsticks" is more convenient for picking vegetables.
16. Can the "in theory" added in paragraph 5 be deleted? Explain the reasons in context. (2 points)
A: It can't be deleted, because the explanation of Zhu's birth in the article is only reasonable speculation, not empirical.
17. What are the advantages of chopsticks as tableware? (2 points)
Answer: (1) Easy to use and flexible. (2) It can make the dining style more civilized.
(4) (20 16 Ezhou) Read the following and complete 18 ~ 22 questions. (15)
Like a butterfly
Li Hanrong
One morning in early summer, I went for a walk by the river and saw a little boy and a little girl on the bank of the river bend, looking nervous and focused, as if discussing an important matter. I approached them gently and saw that they were rescuing a flower that was hovering and struggling on the water. The butterfly may have hurt its wings, but when it fell into the water, its wings were too heavy to fly. The little boy put a wicker into the water, but the wicker was too short. The little girl broke another wicker, untied her red rope and connected the two wickers. Finally, she reached the butterfly, but it still didn't cooperate. I don't know how to climb this small lifeline quickly. The little girl quickly took off the butterfly-shaped hairpin on her head and tied it at one end of the wicker, so that the little boy could throw it near the butterfly on the water, indicating that it was your companion who came to save you. You don't know us, so you should know your partner. Sure enough, the weak butterfly flapped its wings a few times, slowly approached the "butterfly" and slowly climbed up the strong wings of the "butterfly". The little boy slowly moved the wicker to the shore, and the butterfly finally landed. The two children are talking and laughing happily.
I thought it was all over, however, the two children discussed the future life of the butterfly. They carefully placed the butterfly on a bunch of wild roses blooming on the grass in the sun, so that it could absorb nectar while basking in the sun. However, they still feel that this arrangement is not at home. They were worried that greedy birds would peck at the poor butterfly that needed quiet rest, so they picked a few leaves and built a simple green "shelter" to protect the butterfly inside. They think that when it rests quietly, the wound heals and its strength recovers, it can fly on the Yuan Ye again in spring.
I'm not going out this morning, but I want to stay at home and read or write. I went out for some reason. Thanks to my going out, I read the purest and most vivid plot of spring outside of books. Beyond my fine print and my stiff keyboard, two children, a butterfly and an entrance combine to form a truly warm and poetic image. Beyond my thoughts, children's thoughts really lead to the depths of spring, to the depths of everything and to the depths of the soul.
I thought a lot on my way home. First of all, I think my kindness is far less than the indifference of children. Perhaps I care more about my own survival, interests, face and dignity, but I don't care much about the living conditions of other lives and creatures and the harm they have suffered. Even if I care, I don't feel the same way, and I don't try my best to help. Even if you care, you don't ask for anything in return. In a word, I think that in terms of goodness and purity, we are not increasing day by day, but decreasing day by day. With the growth of age and the deepening of experience, the "soil erosion" in human nature will gradually intensify, and it is precisely the goodness and purity of human nature that are lost, and the inner river will gradually become turbid and muddy. Think about it. What a pity. The good soil erosion of human nature, less naive feelings, more practical rationality, less frankness and more calculation, in this more or less increase or decrease process, people's emotions and hearts gradually appear light or heavy "desertification." Isn't this kind of people and society composed of desertified people a big desert? At that time, from time to time, sandstorms of human nature and human heart roared at our faces, flying sand and stones, covering the sky.
Those two lovely children, they are angels this morning. Their sympathy for a butterfly and their love for things really come from their kind nature and pure heart. They have no other motive but love, and love is satisfied in love. Unrequited love is great love and true love. Unrequited love may get richer returns from the thing itself or even the whole nature.
(Selected from Reader's Issue 3, 20 16, with deletion)
18. In the article, the little boy and the little girl care about a butterfly in three ways. Please summarize it in concise language. (3 points)
① Use wicker to save flowers; ② Help butterflies bask in the sun and suck nectar; ③ Build a "shelter" to protect butterflies.
19. What description methods are used in the sentence with horizontal lines in the first paragraph of the article? What's the role? (3 points)
A: Action description and psychological description; Function: Show the wit, kindness and innocence of little boys and girls. (meaning is similar)
20. What is the main expression in the fourth paragraph of the article? What's the role? (3 points)
Answer: discussion; Function: praise the kindness and innocence of little boys and girls, expose the social status quo of the loss of beautiful humanity, and sublimate the theme of the article. (Only answer the topic of sublimation, if there is no specific analysis, give 1 point)
2 1. What do the words "big desert" and "sandstorm" added at the end of paragraph 4 of the article mean? Please give an example to illustrate the "sandstorm of human nature and human heart" in daily life. (3 points)
A: "The Great Desert" refers to selfish and indifferent people and society who have lost their beautiful humanity; "Sandstorm" refers to people's loss of good human nature, selfishness and indifference. A simple example.
22. After reading this article, the little boy and girl care about a butterfly, and what does it bring to the author's thinking for you? (3 points)
Answer: (Example) Caring for the life of the weak, caring for the living environment and living in harmony with nature; In the process of getting along with others, be more concerned, less indifferent, more kind and less calculating. If you answer one point, you will get two points, and if you answer two points, you will get three points.
Three. Writing (50 points)
23. Hang it in your mouth and engrave it in your heart; Encourage others and push yourself. It's "my favorite sentence" Please write a composition on this topic.
Requirements: ① Write neatly. (2) composition words more than 500 words, style is not limited, except poetry. (3) There must be no real place names, school names, names and other contents that reveal candidates' information.