A Dream of Red Mansions is a novel with great influence in the world, and it is regarded as the pinnacle of China's classical novels. The stories of the four families in the book, and the love-hate entanglements based on Jia Baoyu, are all very interesting and worthy of careful taste and study. It also shows the real beauty and tragedy of human nature for everyone. The most interesting thing is that the female images in the book are different, all with their own characteristics, which are very rare and leave a deep impression on readers.
Although this novel has a history of many years, it is still loved by the public. The original work has been adapted into film and television dramas many times, and it is also very popular. Now, a dream of red mansions, which specializes in the study of a dream of red mansions, has been born, showing that the value of a dream of red mansions is still very high.
A Dream of Red Mansions is an ancient Zhang Hui novel by China and one of the classical Four Great Classical Novels in China. It has 120 chapters. It is generally believed that the first eighty chapters were written by Cao Xueqin, a litterateur in Qing Dynasty, and the last forty chapters were written anonymously, and the organizers were Cheng Weiyuan and Gao E. With the rise and fall of Jia, Shi, Wang and Xue as the background, Jia Baoyu, a rich son, as the perspective, and the love and marriage tragedies of Jia Baoyu, Lin Daiyu and Xue Baochai as the main line, the novel depicts the lives of some boudoir beauties whose manners and knowledge are beyond men's eyebrows, showing the true beauty of human nature and tragedy. It can be said that it is an epic work that shows the beauty of women and various social conditions in ancient China from all angles. The version of A Dream of Red Mansions has two systems: 120 "cost" and 80 "fat cost". Cheng Ben is printed by Cheng Weiyuan, while Fat Ben is an early manuscript copied and commented by Zhi Yanzhai in different periods. Fat book is the basic book of craft book. A Dream of Red Mansions is a human novel with world influence, an encyclopedia of feudal society in China and a master of traditional culture. Its author encouraged himself by "talking about love with great purpose and recording it", only followed his own truth, got rid of the old routine, was fresh and unique, and achieved extraordinary artistic achievements. The special brushwork of "the truth is hidden and the false words are hidden" has opened the minds of later readers and speculated for a long time. Since the 20th century, A Dream of Red Mansions, with its rich and profound ideological background and outstanding artistic achievements, has produced a special knowledge-A Dream of Red Mansions.
Creation background
A Dream of Red Mansions was born at the end of China feudal society in the18th century. At that time, the Qing government closed its doors to the outside world, and the whole country was immersed in the dream of Kangxi, Kangxi and Qianlong, and went to China. This period seemed peaceful on the surface, but various social contradictions in the bones were intensifying, and the whole dynasty reached a turning point from prosperity to decline.
During the Kang Yong period, Cao Jiazu Sun San worked in Jiangning for 58 years on behalf of four people. In its heyday, the Cao family had done four large-scale pick-up and drop-off of drivers. Cao Xueqin grew up in Nanjing and experienced a rich aristocratic life in his youth. However, the family gradually declined. In the sixth year of Yongzheng (1728), Cao Xueqin returned to Beijing with his family. After returning to Beijing, he worked as a handyman in charge of literature and ink in a royal school, "Right-wing Religion". His family was poor and his life was difficult. In his later years, he moved to the western suburbs of Beijing, and his life was even poorer. He is "full of wormwood" and "the whole family often eats porridge and wine on credit". A Dream of Red Mansions was written in poverty after Cao Xueqin went bankrupt. The creation time is from the early years of Qianlong to about thirty years of Qianlong.
The first paragraph of A Dream of Red Mansions is the preface of Cao Xueqin. In this preface, Cao Xueqin appears as a real person and tells readers the origin of writing. According to himself, this book was written according to his prosperous old dreams in Nanjing in his early years. Because I lived in the western suburbs of Beijing at that time, I was mediocre and accomplished nothing. I suddenly recalled all the girls in my family when I was young, and felt that their knowledge and talents far exceeded their own. I couldn't help feeling ashamed and sorry. My ancestors had a narrow life to establish this family business, but they were lucky, but they didn't do their job well and didn't listen to their parents and teachers' discipline, so that they had nothing since childhood and were down and out for the rest of their lives. Cao Xueqin wrote this experience and confession as a novel, just to tell readers that although their crimes are inevitable, those girls are real people in life, and their deeds must not be lost in obscurity to cover up their crimes. Thinking of this, my heart is full of ripples, and all difficulties are not a problem. What's more, the carefree rural life and pleasant scenery made him think like a spring and write like a god. Cao Xueqin's modesty made him ignorant of learning, so he wanted to write this novel in vernacular Chinese, aiming to make a biography for the girls, relieve his distress and provide readers with fun and appreciation.
Main character
Jia Baoyu is the son of Jia Zheng and Mrs. Wang's second son's house. Born with jade, he is the apple of his eye and has high hopes for him. However, he embarked on the road of rebellion, hated stereotyped writing, criticized Zhu Cheng's Neo-Confucianism, and branded the scholar an official as "traitor Lv Kun". He doesn't like serious books, but prefers miscellaneous books such as Peony Pavilion and The West Chamber. He hangs out with the girls at home all day, loves their beauty and purity, and laments their tragic fate.
Lin Daiyu-the crown of twelve women in Jinling (tied with Baochai). The daughters of Lin Ruhai and Jia Min, namely Baoyu's menstruation and cousin, live in Guo Rongfu. She is cold, sentimental and quick-thinking. She and Baoyu really love each other, are Baoyu's alliance against feudal ethics, and are firm pursuers of free love.
Xue Baochai, the crown of the twelve women in Jinling (tied with Daiyu), comes from four big families, the daughter of Xue's aunt, menstruation and cousin of Baoyu. She is generous and elegant, and her manners are elegant. She hated the darkness of officialdom, but she advised Baoyu to study and be an official. With golden locks, psychic Baoyu and Jia Baoyu are called golden marriages by outsiders.
Jia Yuanchun, the third of the twelve women in Jinling, is the eldest daughter of Jia Zheng and Mrs. Wang, and the first lady of Jia Fu. Because of virtue and filial piety, he chose to enter the palace as a female history. Shortly after Qin Keqing's funeral, Yuan Chun was promoted to imperial concubine. Jia Fu built the Grand View Garden to welcome his mother. She brought "fire boils oil, bloom is full of brocade" to her family, but she was claustrophobic and could not enjoy family happiness.
Jia Tanchun, the fourth of the twelve women in Jinling, was born to Jia Zheng, Aunt Zhao and Miss Jia Fu. She is smart and strong-willed, and has the nickname "Rose". When inspecting the Grand View Garden, she slapped Wang Shanbao's family in public. She was deeply touched by the crisis in Jiafu, and she used the reform of promoting advantages and eliminating disadvantages to save it. Although the reform was successful, it didn't help.
Shi Xiangyun, the fifth of the twelve women in Jinling, is a historian of four great families and a granddaughter of Jia Mu. My parents died when I was a child, so I can't make decisions at home. Sometimes, I have to do needlework at midnight. She is outspoken, cheerful and open-minded. She never cares about children.
Miao Yu, the sixth of the twelve women in Jinling, is from Suzhou. My ancestors were scholars and officials. Because I was sick since I was a child, it was useless to buy a lot of body pairs, so I had to go into an empty door to practice with my hair. After her parents died, she went to Beijing with her master. After Master's death, Mrs. Wang appreciated her practice and invited her to live in Cuiqi Temple in Grand View Garden. The first 80 chapters of the original book did not explain the ending.
Jia Yingchun, the seventh of the twelve women in Jinling, was born to Jia Baoyu's cousin, Jia She and Miss Jia Fu. She is honest, incompetent, timid and has a nickname "Ermu". She is not only inferior to her sisters in guessing poems, but also knows how to give in and be bullied. Jia owed her five thousand two hundred pieces of silver for bamboo slips, so she married them. The first 80 chapters of the original book did not explain the ending. According to the verdict of Twelve Women in Jinling, she was eventually abused to death by her husband Sun Shaozu.
Jia Xichun, the eighth of the twelve women in Jinling, is Jia Zhen's sister, Miss Jia Fu, who likes painting. Because her father Jia Jing has always been an alchemist and her mother died young, she grew up beside Guo Rongfu's grandmother. Without the love of her parents, she developed a lonely and indifferent character. When she was looking at the Grand View Garden, she ruthlessly drove away the maid to paint. The decline of the four big families and the ending of the three sisters gave her the idea of leaving the world, and she saw through the world of mortals and became a nun.
Wang Xifeng, nine of the twelve women in Jinling, comes from four royal families. She is the niece of Mrs. Wang, the wife of Jia Lian, and the cousin of Baoyu. She was smart and capable, won the trust of Mrs. Jia and Mrs. Wang, and became the housekeeper of the government. She is smooth and considerate, and she has done a lot of killing for money. She supported Baodai's love for the first 80 times.
Jia is the daughter of Jia Lian and Wang Xifeng, one of the twelve women in Jinling. Born on the seventh day of July, Grandma Liu named her "Qiaojie". After the downfall of the Jia family, Jia Huan and Jia Huan wanted to sell her to the prince as a servant girl. In an emergency, thanks to grandma Liu's help, she was taken to the countryside.
Eleven of the twelve women in Jinling, Jia Zhu's widow Li Wan, gave birth to Jia Lan. Although Li Wan is brilliant, she is like a dying ember. She doesn't care about anything except her adoptive parents, accompanying her sister-in-law and reading aloud in her spare time. She is a typical virtuous woman who abides by feudal ethics.
Qin Keqing, the wife of Jia Rong in Ningguo Mansion, is the twelfth of twelve women in Jinling. She is the adopted daughter of camp doctor Qin Bangye, from Yangshengtang. Her nickname is Kerr, and her name is both pleasant and pleasant. She is graceful, delicate and romantic, gentle and peaceful, and won the favor of Jia Mu and others. However, her father-in-law Jia Zhen had an ambiguous relationship with her, which led to her early death.
Jia Mu-the historian of four families, the old lady Jia Fu and the old lady Baoyu. In Jia's family, I started with my great-grandson daughter-in-law until I had my great-grandson daughter-in-law. She got the position of Jia's parents by virtue of her cleverness.
works appreciation
A Dream of Red Mansions comprehensively and profoundly reflects the characteristics of the times when feudal society flourished and declined. It does not describe the love story of "wedding candles and being the first"; It is about the love and marriage tragedy between young feudal nobles Jia Baoyu, Lin Daiyu and Xue Baochai. The great social significance of the novel lies in that it does not describe this love tragedy in isolation, but focuses on this love and marriage tragedy, writing about the rise and fall of four representative families including Jia's family at that time, exposing all kinds of darkness and evils in the late feudal society and their insurmountable internal contradictions, strongly criticizing the decadent feudal ruling class and the collapsing feudal system, and making readers feel that it is bound to perish. At the same time, the novel also expresses a new hazy ideal by praising the noble rebels.
A Dream of Red Mansions is a work with rich connotations. Song of Kindness and Twelve Poems of a Dream of Red Mansions remind Jia Baoyu of the triple tragedies he experienced. The author puts Jia Baoyu and a group of girls with different identities and positions in the poetic and real novel world of Grand View Garden, showing the tragedy and beautiful destruction of their youthful lives. The profundity of the works lies in that this kind of tragedy is not entirely attributed to the cruelty of the wicked, and some of them are directly destroyed by feudal forces, such as the tragic fate of Yuanyang, Qingwen and Siqi, but more tragedies are caused by the "common morality, common human feelings and common circumstances" in feudal ethical relations, and are life tragedies caused by the deep structure of orthodox culture accumulated and solidified for thousands of years.
A Dream of Red Mansions depicts a vast historical picture from the imperial palace to the countryside, which broadly and profoundly reflects the complex and profound contradictions and conflicts in the last days of feudal society, and shows the essential characteristics of feudal nobles and their inevitable historical fate of decline. What is particularly profound is that the pictures of Jia's life displayed in the novel show the absurdity of the manners and customs that maintain the rank, birthright, age and relationship between men and women of this aristocratic family, and uncover all kinds of fierce contradictions and struggles in the "warm veil" of feudal families.
A Dream of Red Mansions exposes all kinds of darkness and evil in the late feudal society and their insurmountable internal contradictions, and strongly criticizes the decadent feudal ruling class and the feudal system that is about to collapse, making readers feel that it is bound to perish; At the same time, the novel also expresses a new hazy ideal by praising the noble rebels. In the history of China literature, no work can write such a gripping love tragedy as A Dream of Red Mansions. No work can reveal the social roots of love tragedy in a comprehensive and profound way, thus making the most profound and powerful criticism of feudal society.
achievements of art
The outstanding artistic achievement of A Dream of Red Mansions is that it is as rich, complex and natural as life and nature itself, and the author writes life realistically and tastefully. The great events and waves in A Dream of Red Mansions are well described. As the story goes on, characters are constantly emerging, full of interest in life, and the secrets of life are revealed. Its detailed description and language description inherit and develop the tradition of excellent novels of the previous generation.
A Dream of Red Mansions has created many vivid characters, positive, negative and primary, each of which has its own unique personality characteristics, many of which are well-known in life and become immortal artistic models, radiating extraordinary splendour forever in the history of China and even the world literature.
On the basis of traditional novels, the plot structure of A Dream of Red Mansions has also made a major breakthrough. It has changed the plot and characters' single-line development characteristics of previous novels such as Water Margin, and the characters' events are intertwined and restricted each other, creating a grand, complete and natural artistic structure, making many characters move in the same time and space, making the plot go on as a whole, showing the author's outstanding artistic talent.
The environmental description of A Dream of Red Mansions is poetic, with diverse brushwork and distinctive features. In China's classical novels, it is the author's original creation to portray the plump images and distinctive personalities of the characters in combination with wonderful environmental descriptions. The author doesn't describe the social environment of the characters' activities in detail like ordinary novels, but uses a kind of rough brushwork that seems careless but ingenious, and melts the description and characteristics of a wide range of typical social environment into the details of the novel, so that readers can feel the changes of the times and the special atmosphere of social life.
The language of A Dream of Red Mansions is mature and beautiful. Its characteristics are simple and pure, accurate and vivid, simple and colorful, reaching the realm of perfection. The language of landscape writing in the novel is vivid and vivid, which makes the reader immersive.
A Dream of Red Mansions has its own brand-new features and permanent artistic charm both in ideological content and artistic skills, which makes it the Li Zhuo in world literature.