The basic principle of treating keratitis is to take all effective measures to control the infection quickly, strive for an early cure and reduce the sequelae of keratitis to a minimum. Because most of ulcerative keratitis is caused by external factors, it is extremely important to remove external factors and eliminate pathogenic microorganisms. Corneal diseases related to systemic diseases should be treated actively in addition to eye treatment. Pay attention to observation during treatment. If conjunctival congestion is relieved and corneal lesions become narrower and flatter, the treatment is effective. If conjunctival congestion is aggravated, corneal lesions extend to the deep and periphery, hyphema is obvious, the surface condition deteriorates, and the treatment is ineffective, the treatment plan should be adjusted in time. If conservative treatment fails or the scar left by ulcer obviously affects vision, corneal transplantation is performed.

1. Hot compress method

It can dilate ocular blood vessels, relieve stagnation, promote blood flow, enhance resistance and nutrition, and make ulcers recover quickly.

flush

If there are many secretions, normal saline or 3% boric acid solution can be used to wash the conjunctival sac three or more times a day to wash out secretions, necrotic tissues, bacteria and toxins produced by bacteria. This not only reduces the factors of infection expansion, but also ensures that the local drug concentration will not decrease.

3. mydriasis

Dilating the pupil can reduce iris irritation, prevent posterior adhesion of iris, make eyes rest, and be beneficial to the healing of ulcer. Atropine is a commonly used drug, with a concentration of 0.25% ~ 2% in solution or ointment, which is applied daily (pay attention to pressing the lacrimal sac after dripping to avoid poisoning caused by excessive absorption of the solution by mucosa).

4. Drug therapy

(1) Antibacterial therapy: effective drugs are selected for local eye drop therapy for pathogenic microorganisms, and antibiotics can be injected under the bulbar conjunctiva for severe corneal ulcer. For severe ulcers with unknown results of bacterial culture and drug sensitivity test, a variety of broad-spectrum antibiotics can be tried at the beginning.

(2) Glucocorticoid should be used to treat allergic keratitis and corneal stroma. Glucocorticoids are prohibited in acute bacterial keratitis and fungal keratitis.

(3) For severe keratitis, oral drugs can be added to increase local nutrition and promote ulcer healing. Commonly used vitamin C, vitamin B2 and cod liver oil pills.

5. Bandages and dressings

(1) In order to stop eye movement and promote the early healing of ulcer, wrapping is needed. This therapy is especially suitable for winter. Because it can not only prevent the eyeball from catching cold, but also has the function of hot compress and protection.

(2) If there is secretion in the conjunctival sac, it is not suitable for dressing. Buller eye patch or black glasses can be used instead. Furthermore, if the ulcer is likely to break through or bulge during the scarring period, it should be bandaged with a pressure bandage every day. If it is impossible during the day, it should be used at night to save the bad consequences.