In fact, the four gifted scholars in Jiangnan are the evolution of the four gifted scholars in Wuzhong, which refer to Tang Bohu, Zhu Zhishan, Wen Zhiming and Xu Zhenqing. The TV series "Four Talented Talents in Golden Flower" tells that Suzhou is the four gifted talents, as well as Tang Bohu, Zhu Zhishan, Wen Zhiming and zhou wenbin. Tang, Zhu, Wen, and Zhou Qian are true in history. The story of zhou wenbin and even "The Tiger King robbed his relatives" was later invented by scholars. The "Four Scholars of Wu Zhong" in history refers to Tang, Zhu, Wen and Xu, that is, writers of the Ming Dynasty, who are tied with others as "the first seven scholars". Their poetic style is clear, but they are not familiar with calligraphy and painting, and their personalities are different from those of the other three. Probably for this reason, later the literati invented a beautiful zhou wenbin to make up the numbers. Zhou wenbin replaced Xu Zhenqing because Xu Zhenqing was ugly, so he was not noticed by the world at first. Beautiful zhou wenbin replaced Xu Zhenqing. It can be seen that folklore is not as reliable as legend. Unfortunately, most of the time today we rely on these legends and even rumors to know and discover the ancients and appreciate art.

First of all, briefly introduce life.

Xu Zhenqing (1479-151year) is called Long Valley and Guo Chang. A native of Meili Town, Changshu, he moved to Wuxian County, Xu Zhenqing (now Suzhou). Ming dynasty writers. Together with Tang Bohu, Zhu Zhishan and Wen Zhiming, they are also called "Four Talents in Jiangnan" (also known as the Four Talents of Wumen). It is famous for the quatrains of "every family in Jiangzuo, flowers and trees in Yangzhou in foggy month". Xu Zhenqing was born smart, but not very liberal. 16 years old wrote "Qian Xin Collection", which is famous in Wuzhong. However, he tried many times in his early years. After reading Li Sao, he wrote a collection of sighs. You Jiang Ji, written in the 14th year of Hongzhi in Ming Dynasty (150 1 year). In the 16th year of Hongzhi in Ming Dynasty (1503), he co-edited New Records of Taihu Lake with Wen Zhiming. In the eighteenth year of Hongzhi in the Ming Dynasty (1505), I heard that Tatar invaded and the officers and men failed in the Anti-Japanese War, so I wrote a long poem "You Yu Tai". In the same year, he was a scholar, and later he was awarded the deputy curator of the left temple of Dali Temple. In the fifth year of Ming Dynasty (15 10), he was demoted to Dr. imperial academy. Xu Zhenqing occupies a special position in the field of poetry, and there are many poems, known as "Xiong Wen". Later, he befriended Li Mengyang and He Jingming, writers of the Ming Dynasty, repented, and advocated retro. Together with He Jingming, Bian Gong, Kang Hai and Wang, they are called "the first seven sons". Qin Yi Lu, written by him, only talks about the Han and Wei Dynasties, but ignores the theory of restoring ancient ways after the Six Dynasties. His poems are elegant in style and gallop between Han and Tang Dynasties. Although deliberately retro, there is still a romantic feeling in Wuzhong. Xu Zhenqing believed in Taoism in his later years and studied health preservation. Zheng De died in the sixth year of Ming Dynasty (15 1 1) at the age of 33, and his tomb was located at the northern end of Yujiabang, Wandian Bridge at the foot of Huqiu Mountain. Xu Huiqing's other works include The Land, Yi Wen and Lin Yi.

Second, literary achievements.

Among the four gifted scholars in Wuzhong, Tang Yin, Zhu Yunming and Wen Zhiming are famous for their calligraphy and painting, but Xu Zhenqing is famous for his poetry. Shen Deqian, a poet in A Qing, compiled Poems of Four Masters in Ming Dynasty, including only Xu Zhenqing and Wen Zhiming, while Wen Zhiming recorded only two poems, while Xu Zhenqing collected as many as 23 poems. He is one of the first seven sons, and his reputation is second only to that of Li (Meng Yang) and He (Jingming). When comparing Xu's poems with those of Li and He in the Collection of Poetry in the Ming Dynasty, there is a saying that Li Qixiong, He and Xu are affectionate, which clearly points out the basic feature of poetry-affectionate. Although he is in tune with Li Mengyang, his habits in the Central Plains are not deep, and the wind is still flowing on the left side of the Yangtze River. The style of Wuzhong School is still reserved, which has its own characteristics compared with other poems of the first seven poets. "History of Ming Dynasty" summed up its poetic style with the word "melting the essence of police". He is good at seven words and close to the body, excellent quatrains, clear pronunciation and mellow voice, elegant style and meaningful feelings. Xu Zhenqing's "Qin Yi Lu" contains many incisive cautionary words, which is one of the few masterpieces in the history of poetry talks in Ming Dynasty and even in the whole history of ancient China. Not to mention the admiration of the former and later seven scholars and their followers, even Qian, who has always taken the ancient as the truth, greatly praised his poetic theory: "Specializing in poetic theory, studying style, exploring elegance, contracting, compromising, preparing the quality of this article, taking grass from the building, deleting a hundred and saving one, and serving the treasure of the sea so far." Mr. Qian Zhongshu, a master of modern literature, even directly used "Tan Yi Road" as the name of his works. Xu Zhenqing, as the "crown of Wuzhong poets" (Ming History, Volume 286), is well deserved.

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