It is said in Shuo Wen Jie Zi that wine can create both good luck and evil light. Although there is no wine and no table, wine is also poison.
Hu Sihui, a medical scientist in the Yuan Dynasty, summed up the advantages and disadvantages of drinking as follows: "The wine tastes sweet and pungent, while the heat is toxic. It is better to give priority to medicine, eliminate all evils, dredge blood vessels, thicken gastrointestinal tract, eliminate sorrow and drink less; Drinking too much is harmful to life, easy to change people's nature, and its poison is even worse. Excessive drinking is the source of death. " Li Shizhen, a great medical scientist in the Ming Dynasty, also said, "If you drink too much, you will die in an instant." .
In recent years, some studies at home and abroad believe that a small amount of drinking is good for your health:
A small amount of drinking can improve IQ. A study by the National Life Science Association in Aichi, Japan, found that the average IQ of men who drink less than 540 ml of Japanese sake or wine every day is 3.3% higher than that of men who don't drink. The IQ of female drinkers is 2.5% higher than that of teetotalers.
Drinking a small amount of alcohol can reduce the risk of heart disease. Dr ian wright from the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine said: Drinking a glass of wine every day can reduce the risk of heart disease in men over 40 and postmenopausal women. In addition, alcohol can also increase the protective cholesterol in the body. At the age when drinking a small amount of alcohol is good for health, men will start at 35 and women will reach 55. This latest research shows that alcohol can only help the health of elderly men and women.
Coincidentally, a new scientific research achievement of Montreal Heart Research Institute in Canada shows that moderate drinking can protect the heart and avoid 20% ~ 30% of coronary heart disease attacks. They believe that alcohol can control the level of total cholesterol and increase the level of high density lipoprotein for a long time. Alcohol can reduce platelet thrombosis, and alcohol in wine, spirits or beer can reduce the mortality of coronary heart disease.
Drinking a small amount of alcohol can reduce the risk of dementia. Researchers from Eiras Morse University in Rotterdam, the Netherlands, conducted a six-year follow-up survey on 5395 elderly people over 55 years old (including 55 years old) who had no signs of dementia. The results show that people who drink 65,438+0 ~ 3 glasses of wine a day have lower risk of dementia than those who don't drink.
Nature believes that even a small amount of alcohol is harmful to health.
A report in Nature magazine pointed out that even a small amount of alcohol is harmful to health. The researcher listed his supporting arguments: people under 35, as long as they drink alcohol, will increase the risk of many diseases; Men aged 35-65 drink more than 5 cups a week, and women drink more than 8 cups. The risk of illness increases with the increase of alcohol consumption.
At the same time, there are also some studies that come to a conclusion similar to Nature:
A small amount of drinking will increase the incidence of 60 diseases. Epidemiological evidence shows that studies carried out around the world since 1970 have proved that a small amount of drinking (65438+ 0 ~ 2 cups a day) can reduce the risk of coronary heart disease in elderly men and women by about 20% ~ 30%, but even a small amount of drinking will increase the chance of injury and contribute to about 60 diseases, such as various tumors, cirrhosis and nerves.
A small amount of drinking will have a bad effect on the brain. A study published by American scientists also shows that whether it is light or moderate drinking, it will inevitably have a negative impact on these people's brains. People who drink between 1 ~ 6 glasses a week are considered as light drinkers, while moderate drinkers drink more than 7 glasses a week. According to the results of magnetic resonance imaging, light and moderate drinkers do cause brain atrophy after drinking. The study also found that this situation does not distinguish between men and women, nor between races.
No matter how much asthma attack it can induce, some data show that it is harmful to asthma patients, no matter how much alcohol they drink or how high or low their alcohol level is. This is because alcohol can not only cause allergic diseases, but also induce asthma attacks.
A small amount of drinking will also vary from person to person.
It can be seen that a small amount of drinking may be beneficial to some diseases (such as cardiovascular diseases), but it will also increase the chances of suffering from other diseases. Experts tell us that when deciding whether to drink alcohol for health, we should weigh the pros and cons according to our own situation and avoid blind obedience.
A general view is that whether a person can drink or not and how much he drinks every day should be decided by a doctor, because everyone's physical condition is different.
Judging from the current research, opinions on alcohol restriction are not uniform, but some institutions and researchers have put forward some standards. On June 5438+February, 2003, the International Wine Policy Center in Washington, D.C. determined that the standard drinking amount of different countries was 8 grams per day for British people and 14 grams per day for Americans, but Japanese people could drink 19.75 grams, and confirmed that a small amount of drinking 1 2 times per day could reduce the incidence of cardiovascular diseases by 20% ~ 30%.
Professor Li Youming, who has been engaged in the research of alcoholic fatty liver for a long time, has found the incidence law of alcoholic fatty liver after years of epidemiological investigation and research, and recently formulated the "safe limit" for "drinking a little". They designed a simple formula to calculate alcohol intake, that is, alcohol consumption (grams) = alcohol consumption (milliliters) × alcohol concentration (%) × 0.8. For example, if you drink 100 ml of 52-degree (52%) liquor at a time, the alcohol content = 100 ml × 52% × 0.8 = 4 1.6 g of alcohol. Drinking more than 40 grams a day for more than five years in a row, that is, accumulating more than 73 kilograms, 48% people will suffer from alcoholic liver disease to varying degrees.
Professor Li Youming pointed out that "safe dose" is relative, because different people have different sensitivities to alcohol, and individuals vary greatly. Their investigation also found that no matter liquor, wine, beer or any other alcoholic beverage, as long as the total amount is too large, it is harmful to the liver. Long-term drinking is more harmful to the liver than occasional heavy drinking. Drinking every day is more harmful than intermittent drinking, and drinking in large quantities is more risky than drinking several times a day.
In recent years, more and more people drink wine, especially red wine. These people only pay attention to the new idea that "drinking a small amount of red wine can prevent atherosclerosis" put forward by the World Health Organization, and ignore the solemn statement that "drinking a small amount of red wine is good for health" of the World Health Organization, which has no scientific basis. Alcohol is the second killer after tobacco, and the less you drink, the better.
Although wine has some benefits to human body (red wine contains resveratrol, which can reduce the content of low-density lipoprotein that can easily induce arteriosclerosis, prevent the occurrence of atherosclerosis, inhibit platelet aggregation and prevent thrombosis), it is an alcoholic beverage after all, and the harm is not small: First, it will cause cirrhosis (excessive drinking, after a long time, fatty liver will first appear, and then alcoholic cirrhosis will result). If there are ascites, vomiting, bloody stool and other late manifestations of liver cirrhosis, it can also be life-threatening); Second, it can induce carcinogens (alcohol can activate carcinogens, which may cause cancer of digestive tract and respiratory tract); Thirdly, it will affect the absorption of nutrients (if drinking too much or for too long, it will cause gastrointestinal malabsorption, affect the absorption of folic acid and vitamin B group and the metabolism of vitamin A), and also hinder the secretion of pancreatic enzymes and affect the digestion and absorption of fat, protein and sugar.
Nowadays, many people soak Chinese herbal medicines in wine to make medicinal liquor for long-term drinking, thinking that this can play a health care role. As we all know, whether it is red wine or medicinal liquor, its essence is wine, not medicine. If you drink too much, it will do harm to your health.
Experts remind everyone: people who have no drinking habits, it is best to keep alcohol-free; People who like to drink, it is best to control their alcohol consumption, and it is advisable to drink 2-3 small glasses of wine every day. When drinking, you must use it slowly and eat vegetables. Reference answer: drinking has many benefits. Ice wine can drive away the cold, hot beer can relieve the heat, and red wine can nourish the face.
Moderate drinking can also lose weight. If you want to lose weight, you must not drink beer. You can only drink light beer if you like. Drink alcoholic beverages, such as vodka, gin and other low-calorie drinks. Generally speaking, the target is women who are thinner than 15 pounds, and they can drink two units a week (that is, 10 ounces, about two par), and if they are thinner than 15 pounds, they can drink three units. People who eat low-carbon meals can lose weight by drinking 7 ounces of about 500 calories a day (except beer). Eating rich protein one hour before drinking and supplementing some complex carbohydrates will help you lose weight. Finally, drinking water between drinks can reduce calories by half.
However, it will also cause harm to the body. The most common are pancreatitis and esophageal vascular rupture caused by severe vomiting, and some people die of renal failure after drinking a lot. Therefore, excessive drinking is prohibited. Reference answer: beneficial, but don't drink too much. Drinking two or two pairs a day is good for your health.