Common bean is native to Central and South America, and its importance is second only to soybean. There are varieties that harvest seeds or eat young pods. There are different common names in different countries: green beans, green beans, kidney beans and so on. But in the United States, the word kidney bean refers to a red, crimson or white color that looks like a kidney. Some varieties of kidney beans are planted only to harvest their dry seeds, some varieties are used to collect immature edible pods, and others collect mature and immature seeds. The seed yield of kidney bean in Brazil, China and the United States accounts for more than 1/3 of the world's output. It plays an important role in Latin American and Creole cuisine. beans

Flowers and pods of common plants) Most edible pods can be planted in vast areas of the world and are very popular in many countries, especially in Europe; In the United States, the most common food is kidney bean, which originated from beans in Central America. Lima bean (P

Limensis) is rarely commercialized outside American countries, accounting for 2.5% of the total dry bean production in the United States. Whether it is clumping or climbing, the size and shape of pods and the size, shape, thickness and color of seeds vary greatly. Its pod is wide, flat and slightly curved, and its seed coat has a unique thin edge, radiating outward from the hilum and easy to identify. Lima beans are perennial plants in the tropics and cultivated as annuals in other areas, but they need a longer growth period and a warmer climate than other American beans.

Red beans (p.

Coccineus (boiled beans, African-American beans) is native to tropical America, where it is a perennial plant and is planted as an annual crop in temperate zone on a small scale. It is a climbing plant with strong plants and racemes, bright red flowers, large and rough pods and large and brightly colored seeds. Red beans are cultivated in Britain and Europe for ornamental purposes, and their young pods are edible.

Indian kidney bean (P

Aureus) is native to India, and its pods and seeds are much smaller than those mentioned above. The pod is slender, 75 ~ 100 mm long, and contains 10 ~ 14 spherical to rectangular seeds with a diameter of 3 mm It is widely planted and eaten in the East, and used as bean sprouts or other purposes. Except bean sprouts, Europeans and Americans know little about them and are rich in vitamin C. Double-petalled lentils (Dolichos) originated in India.

Biflorus (broad bean, kidney bean) and lentils are related, both of which are large tropical climbers, and their young seeds are widely eaten in Asia. Dry seeds are large, close to black in color and slightly flattened to spherical.

Broad bean is the third soybean in Europe, but it is little known in America. Broad beans are not heat-tolerant, and can only grow in summer in cool temperate regions and in winter in warm regions. The difference is that broad beans can tolerate slight freezing. Broad bean plants stand upright, with a height of 600 ~ 1, 500mm；; Sparse branching; Leaves densely on stems and branches, with short stems; Pods are almost erect and clustered in leaf axils; The seeds are large, irregular and flat.

Mung bean Mung bean is rich in vitamin A, vitamin B and vitamin C, which has the effect of lowering blood pressure and has a good effect on fatigue, swelling and urination. Mung bean powder can cure sores, swelling and burns, mung bean skin can improve eyesight, and mung bean sprouts can also relieve alcoholism. Drinking mung bean soup often in summer can not only increase nutrition, but also have certain curative effect on nephritis, diabetes, hypertension, arteriosclerosis, gastroenteritis, pharyngolaryngitis and decreased vision.

Soybean is rich in protein, fat, lecithin and vitamins. Compared with other foods, there is only one soybean in protein, which is twice that of lean meat, twice that of eggs and twice that of milk. According to research, saponins in soybean can delay human aging; Lecithin in soybean can remove cholesterol from blood vessel wall and soften blood vessels; Pancreatic inhibitory enzyme in soybean has certain curative effect on diabetes; The phosphorus content in soybean is considerable, which is very beneficial to the brain. People with neurasthenia and physical weakness should eat regularly. Soybean is rich in iron, which is beneficial to patients with iron deficiency anemia.

Black beans Chinese medicine believes that black beans are sweet and flat, and have the effects of tonifying the kidney, strengthening the body, promoting blood circulation and diuresis, and detoxifying, especially suitable for people with kidney deficiency. Black beans are rich in nutrition and have the reputation of "king of beans" and "flower of nutrition". Ancient health care experts thought: "Swallowing fourteen black beans every morning is called five zang-organs valley, which will exist forever." Black beans have the effects of invigorating spleen and kidney, nourishing yin and promoting blood circulation, calming nerves and improving eyesight, inducing diuresis and treating stranguria, and clearing away heat and toxic materials. Taking black beans for a long time can also prevent the skin from producing dark spots and make the skin tender and shiny. For patients with low back pain and tinnitus caused by kidney deficiency, 50 grams of black beans and 500 grams of dog meat can be cooked together and served with condiments. In addition, black beans are also known as "black-haired ladies". Soymilk and tofu made from them are the best dietetic products for patients with whitening and alopecia caused by kidney deficiency.