2. Origin: Han Shu by Ban Gu, Volume 67, Biography of Zhu Meiyun in yang hu, criticized the social atmosphere of heavy burial at that time through Yang Wangsun's shocking proposition and action of "heavy burial and naked burial", and shaped an image of a sage who was knowledgeable, set an example and corrected the world style.
3. Original text
Yang Wangsun, be filial to others. Learn some skills of aging, your family business will be worth 1000 yuan, and you will be honest, healthy and immortal. When he died, he said to his son shilled, "If I want to be buried naked, I will die if I object to my truth. When you die, put the body in a cloth bag and put it seven feet into the ground. When you come down, you will take off your bag from your feet and kiss the soil with your own body. " His son wanted to be silent but not obedient, and he wasted his father's life; I want to follow it, but I can't stand it. I went to see Qi Hou, who is a friend of Wang Sun.
The Duke of Qi and Uncle Wang Sun said, "Wang Sun was ill, and my servant forced him to sacrifice, but he didn't go to the front. I would like to wake up, remember my thoughts, enter medicine and be self-sufficient. The news of stealing Wang Sun's shilling and burying him naked will let the deceased know. If he knew, he would slaughter the body in the ground, see his ancestors naked, and steal it for the king's grandson. Besides, the Book of Filial Piety says,' I want to wear a coffin for it', which is the legacy of saints. Why do you always hear it alone? May the king and grandson examine you. "
Wang Sun said, "I've heard about the Holy King for a long time, but because of human feelings, I couldn't bear to kiss him, so I made it a gift. Now I want to surpass it. I was buried naked, and I am going to correct the world. " It is good for the dead to be buried honestly by the husband, but it is different for the laity to compete for the underground with high wealth and single currency corruption, or to find this truth tomorrow. What is the difference between being buried violently in nakano and being returned by the husband and the dead as lifelong things? The returnees have their places, and the changers have their places, which shows that things are different. Anti-reality is invisible, dead and dead, in line with the Tao. The husband decorated the appearance with China people, and buried the truth with thick burial, so that the returnees could not come, the changers could not change, and everything lost its place. And I heard that the spirit of heaven is there, and so is the skeleton. The spirit is shapeless, and each belongs to its own truth, so it is called a ghost, and the ghost is what it says. How do you know his body is a person? Wrapped in money and silk, across the coffin, holding a bundle of jade, the mouth can not melt, the depression is dry wax. After a thousand years, the coffin rotted and returned to the soil, and that was its real home. You can't use long-term customers if you say it! When Emperor Yao was buried in the past, the wood was covered with wood and sealed with leather. He wore it, didn't disturb the clockwork, and didn't let it go. Therefore, the sage is easy to live, and death is easy to be buried. No contribution to death, no loss of money to death. It's really confusing to spend a lot of money on a thick burial today until the dead and the living don't know. Yu! I won't do it. "
4. Translation
Yang Wangsun was in the reign of Emperor Wu. Learn Huang and Lao's theory of "governing by doing nothing". There are thousands of industries in the family, and they are very rich in life to support themselves and try their best to maintain their health. When I was dying, I left my last words to my son, saying, "I will bury myself and return to the essence, and I will never change my meaning!" " When I die, I will make a cloth bag to hold my body and bury it seven feet below the ground. After the body is buried, I will tear off the cloth bag on my foot and let the body cling to the ground. "His son wants to make peace, but his father's orders are hard to disobey; I wanted to do what my father wanted to do, but I couldn't bear to, so I went to see Yang Wangsun's friend Qi Hou.
Qi Hou wrote to Wang Sun and said, "Wang Sun, you are ill. I recently followed the emperor to worship in Yongdi, but I failed to visit you. I hope you keep your energy, worry less, take medicine on time and treat yourself well. I heard that you let your son be buried naked, if the deceased doesn't know; If the dead know, how can they meet their ancestors naked when they are buried underground? I don't agree with your idea, and the Book of Filial Piety also says, "People should have coffins and clothes after death." This is also a system handed down by ancient saints. Why do you stick to your point of view? I hope Wang Sun will examine it in detail. "
After reading the letter, Yang Wangsun wrote back and said, "I heard that ancient sages formulated a funeral etiquette system because they couldn't bear to watch their loved ones die in vain. Now it's beyond the funeral of ancient saints, so I'm going to bury it naked to correct the secular burial style. Thick burial is really bad for the dead, but secular people compete with each other and spend a lot of money to rot in the ground. Some people bury today and dig tomorrow. What's the difference between this and being explicit in the wild? Besides, the so-called death is the change at the end of life and the destination of things. What rewards can be found where it belongs, and what changes can go with the flow and make things return to their original colors. Returning to the truth is to enter a deep realm, invisible and silent, in line with the truth of the Tao. If you decorate your appearance to show off to everyone, then use thick burial to prevent the dead from returning to their nature, so that the returnees can't get what they want, and the changers can't go with the flow. This is to make things lose their home. In addition, it is said that human spirit is given by heaven and human body is given by the earth. The spirit leaves the skeleton and returns to its true colors, so it is called a ghost.' Ghost' means' return'. Will the body be conscious if it is left there alone? Wrapped in silk, put in a coffin, isolated from the land, bound with limbs, jade in the mouth, the body can not rot, and gradually stagnate into dried meat. After a thousand years, the coffin decayed, and it was able to return to the earth, so that the body disappeared and returned to its real place. From this point of view, where to stay for a long time without returning to your real home! In the past, when Emperor Yao was buried, he dug wood for the coffin and tied the coffin with vines. His grave did not dig a spring downward, nor did it stink upward. Therefore, the death of the holy king is easy to raise and bury. Don't work in useless places and spend money in unreasonable places. Now people waste money on reburial, so that the dead can't return to their true colors, and they can't return to the silent and invisible situation. The dead know nothing, and the living get nothing. This is called double confusion. Oh! I will never do this. "
Qi Hou read the letter and said, "Well said!" So, after Yang Wangsun died, his son buried him naked.