Treatment of diabetes and its dietary health care;
Diabetes is a common endocrine and metabolic disease. The pathogenesis of this disease is mainly due to insufficient insulin secretion and improper glucagon secretion caused by pancreatic elevation. More common in patients over 40 who love sweets and are obese. There are more people in cities than in rural areas, and they often have a family history, so it is related to heredity. A few patients are related to virus infection and autoimmune reaction. Mainly manifested as polydipsia, polydipsia, polyuria, polyphagia, fatigue, emaciation and other symptoms. Common diseases in life, accompanied by hypertension, coronary heart disease, hyperlipidemia and so on. In severe cases, life is in danger. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that the liver governs the release of qi, which is related to the rise and fall of human recipients. Stagnation of liver-qi leads to disorder of ascending and descending of qi, and liver-qi failure leads to disorder of blood sugar and other fine substances, which leads to disorder of blood lipid, protein and other fine substances and other complications. The treatment is mainly to soothe the liver and regulate qi, and to follow the liver. In addition, because the occurrence of diabetes is related to diet, the quality of diet control directly affects the therapeutic effect. Then cooperate with exercise, pay attention to emotional adjustment, and then properly cooperate with Chinese medicine treatment will achieve good therapeutic effect.
Etiology of diabetes:
1. Genetic factors
1 type or type 2 diabetes mellitus has obvious genetic heterogeneity. Diabetes has a tendency of family onset. 1/4 ~ 1/2 patients have a family history of diabetes. At least 60 genetic syndromes can be associated with diabetes. There are many DNA loci involved in the pathogenesis of 1 diabetes, among which the polymorphism of DQ locus of HLA antigen gene is the most closely related. Many obvious gene mutations have been found in type 2 diabetes, such as insulin gene, insulin receptor gene, glucokinase gene and mitochondrial gene.
2. Environmental factors
Obesity caused by overeating and decreased physical activity are the most important environmental factors of type 2 diabetes, which makes individuals with genetic susceptibility to type 2 diabetes prone to illness. 1 The immune system of diabetic patients is abnormal. After being infected by Coxsackie virus, rubella virus, parotid virus and other viruses, it leads to autoimmune reaction and destroys insulin β cells.
Symptoms of diabetes:
First, the feeling of numbness in hands and feet, which many people will feel.
Second, male impotence and abnormal dryness of female vagina.
Third, skin itching: systemic or local skin itching, itching around the anus, especially female intractable vulvar itching.
Fourth, fatigue and weakness: the body often feels exhausted for no reason, with weak legs and weak knees. And high blood pressure, white urine. Thirst, polyuria and weight loss: patients drink a lot more water, and the number and weight of urination also increase, which is the most convenient way to find diabetes, sometimes accompanied by weight loss.
5. Feeling abnormal: numbness in hands and feet, chills in limbs, pain, burning sensation, ants walking feeling, walking feeling like stepping on cotton, etc.
Six, eye fatigue, vision loss: visual fatigue, vision loss or retinal hemorrhage, cataract vision adjustment disorders. , and developed rapidly.
Seven. Syndrome: Diabetes has insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia, so hypertension, hyperlipidemia, obesity, coronary heart disease, hyperviscosity and so on. Can occur simultaneously or sequentially. Although this is not a symptom of diabetes, attention should be paid to whether blood sugar rises in these cases.
In addition to the above common symptoms, there will be many symptoms that need your attention. First, repeated infections: including repeated skin, urinary tract, gums, lungs and other infections, as well as tuberculosis. Secondly, abnormal micturition: frequent micturition, urgency, strenuous micturition, endless drops of urine or urinary incontinence. Third, the brown spot in the front of the tibia: It is characterized by flaky brown spots on the skin in the front of the calf, which is often left after trauma. Fourth, repeated hypoglycemia: hunger, dizziness, palpitation, hand shaking and other phenomena often occur before meals.
Complications of diabetes:
1. Diabetic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases: Compared with patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases without diabetes, diabetic patients are more prone to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular emergencies, such as myocardial infarction, cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral infarction. Therefore, it is very important for diabetic patients to find the hidden dangers of vascular diseases by doing heart color ultrasound, brain CT and carotid color ultrasound regularly.
2. Diabetic neuropathy: Neuropathy, especially peripheral neuritis, is the most common complication of diabetes. Neuropathy can make patients very painful, itchy, stinging, dull pain, severe pain and so on. Often the more dead of night, the more intense the pain; Others will make patients feel disappeared, acupuncture and fire have no feeling. Some patients with diabetic foot will suffer from traumatic infection, ulceration and even amputation because their senses disappear. If the patient's sexual nerve is damaged, sexual dysfunction will occur.
3. Diabetic foot disease: The occurrence of diabetic foot disease is related to neuropathy and vascular disease. When the blood vessels are blocked, the blood supply to the limbs is insufficient or ischemic, and soon the toes turn black and dry, resulting in gangrene. Amputation is necessary at the first sign of gangrene, and the higher the position. Marshal Tito, former Yugoslav President, amputated many times and eventually died. The best way to prevent diabetic foot disease is to have regular plantar nerve examination, lower limb vascular examination and lower limb nerve examination, so as to eliminate the risk of amputation in the bud.
4. Diabetic nephropathy: Diabetic nephropathy is one of the main causes of death in diabetic patients. There will be microalbuminuria in the early stage, and patients will feel leg weakness, edema (pressing a pit), foam in urine, backache, waist drowsiness and so on. Once diabetic nephropathy enters the third stage, it is basically impossible to reverse at the current level of medical technology, and then renal failure, uremia and so on directly threaten life. Therefore, regular examination of urinary microalbumin is an important means to find early nephropathy.
5. Diabetic ophthalmopathy: The eye is also a microvascular and its rich organs. The appearance of ophthalmopathy is often difficult to detect, because it is constantly adapting during the whole pathological process. Therefore, fundus examination should be carried out regularly. Once there are obvious symptoms, such as mosquitoes flying around in front of you, vision is rapidly declining, and straight lines are broken lines. No matter what you look at, there is obvious pathological change in the retina, so you can only take treatment to prevent the disease from getting worse, otherwise it will lead to blindness.
Diabetes treatment:
Traditional therapy in China
According to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine, diabetes can be divided into six types. The following is the treatment of type six diabetes in traditional Chinese medicine.
(1) dry heat.
Treatment: clearing away heat and purging fire, promoting fluid production and quenching thirst.
Prescription: Baihujia ginseng soup, Yunv Decoction, Maimendong Decoction, Xiaoke Decoction, Yuquan Pill, Yu Ye Decoction, Qianjin Huanglian Pill, Zengye Chengqi Decoction, Zhu Ye Huangqi Decoction and Wuwei Disinfection Drink.
(2) Deficiency of both Qi and Yin
Treatment: supplementing qi and nourishing yin, clearing heat and assisting.
Prescription: Huangqi Decoction, Zengye Decoction, Yu Ye Decoction, Shengmai Powder, Liu Mei Dihuang Decoction, Jiangtang Jiapian, Jiangtang Mixture and Self-made Yiqi Yangyin Decoction.
(3) yin deficiency and fire flourishing
Treatment: nourishing yin and reducing fire, nourishing yin and moistening dryness.
Prescription: Yiguanjian, Baizhi Dihuang Pill, Liuwei Dihuang Pill, Trichosanthis Radix, Lycium barbarum Decoction, Dabuyin Pill and Shengmai Powder.
(4) Deficiency of Yin and Yang
Treatment: Warming kidney and nourishing yin, regulating yin and yang.
Prescription: Jinkui Shenqi Pill, Bawei Dihuang Decoction, Erxian Decoction and Mi Yuan Decoction.
(5) Yang deficiency of spleen and kidney
Treatment: strengthen the spleen and warm the kidney, and reconcile yin and yang.
Prescription: Fugui Bawei Pill, Jingui Shenqi Pill, Vinegar Bie Bushen Jiangtang Decoction, Yiqi Fuyang Drink and Gui You Pill.
(6) Internal resistance due to blood stasis
Treatment: promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, benefiting qi and nourishing yin.
Prescriptions: Buyang Huanwu Decoction, Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction, Gexia Zhuyu Decoction, Fuyuan Huoxue Decoction, Huoxue Jiangtang Decoction, Runzao Huoxue Decoction and Wuxiang Powder.
Western medicine treatment
First, drug therapy: oral hypoglycemic drugs
It has developed rapidly in recent years. Besides sulfonylureas and biguanides, the third type of α -glucosidase inhibitors have been used in clinic, and the fourth type of insulin sensitizer will be introduced to China soon.
As for the fifth glucagon inhibitor and the sixth gluconeogenesis inhibitor, they are still in the experimental and small-scale clinical trials.
Among the above antidiabetic drugs, sulfonylureas are hypoglycemic drugs, which can cause hypoglycemia, while biguanides and α -glucosidase inhibitors do not cause hypoglycemia, so they are called antidiabetic drugs.
Second, insulin.
Insulin is a protein hormone secreted by islet β cells under the stimulation of endogenous or exogenous substances such as glucose, lactose, ribose, arginine and glucagon. Insulin is the only hormone in the body that lowers blood sugar and promotes the synthesis of glycogen, fat and protein. Exogenous insulin is mainly used to treat diabetes. Early use of insulin and super antioxidants such as lipoic acid and astaxanthin for oral injection in diabetic patients is expected to have a long honeymoon period, and insulin injection will not be addictive and dependent.
Classification of insulin
1, classified according to different sources
(1) Animal insulin: It is extracted from the pancreas of pigs and cows, and their efficacy is equivalent. However, compared with human insulin, pig insulin has 1 amino acid, and bovine insulin has 3 amino acids, so it is easy to produce antibodies.
(2) Semi-synthetic human insulin: replacing the 30th alanine of pig insulin with threonine which is the same as human insulin, that is, semi-synthetic human insulin.
(3) Biosynthetic human insulin (the most commonly used insulin in clinic at present): The high-purity biosynthetic human insulin obtained by bioengineering technology has the same amino acid sequence and biological activity as human insulin.
2, according to the drug action time.
(1) ultra-short effect: it takes effect 15 minutes after injection, and the peak concentration is 1~2 hours.
(2) Short-acting (quick-acting): it takes effect 30 minutes after injection, with a peak concentration of 2-4 hours and a duration of 5-8 hours.
(3) Moderate effect (low protamine zinc insulin): It takes effect 2-4 hours after injection, with a peak concentration of 6- 12 hours and lasting for 24-28 hours.
(4) Long-acting (protamine zinc insulin): it takes effect 4-6 hours after injection, with a peak concentration of 4-20 hours and lasting for 24-36 hours.
(5) Premixing: Short-acting and medium-acting premixes can be made by one injection, with quick onset (30 minutes) and lasting as long as 16~20 hours. There are 30% short-acting and 70% medium-acting premixes and 50% short-acting and medium-acting premixes in the market.
Step 3 adapt to the crowd
1. Anyone with type I diseases, especially teenagers, children, emaciated or malnourished people, depends on insulin for a living. Once stopped or interrupted, ketosis is bound to be life-threatening and must be replaced for a long time.
2. However, patients with type ⅱ or LADA should be supplemented with insulin for a long time if their diet and oral hypoglycemic drugs can't be controlled. Type ⅱ patients can gradually reduce the β cell reserve function within a few months, and even resume oral medication and diet therapy. When using insulin, we must strictly control the food intake to avoid obesity and even resistance to insulin.
3. Diabetes related to malnutrition, that is, type III diabetes.
4. Diabetes mellitus is accompanied by ketoacidosis, nonketotic hyperosmolar coma, lactic acidosis, severe infection, high fever and wasting disease, myocardial infarction and other acute stress states.
5. Before and after major surgery for two kinds of surgical diseases, even patients who take oral medication must switch to insulin (or temporarily switch to insulin) in order to prevent complications such as ketosis.
6. Gestational diabetes or diabetic patients should use appropriate amount of insulin during pregnancy, prenatal and delivery, and cannot use hypoglycemic drugs.
7. Secondary diabetes, especially pituitary diabetes and pancreatic diabetes.
8. Diabetic patients with severe liver diseases (such as liver cirrhosis and hepatitis), kidney diseases with renal failure, and most chronic complications (such as fundus and kidney diseases, neuropathy, fatty liver, gangrene of lower limbs, etc.). ) and other endocrine diseases.
4. How to use it
Injection site
(1) Insulin injection is a "technique" that diabetics should master. Besides injection, the choice of injection site is also very important, because the appropriate injection site can not only reduce the risk of injection, but also help the absorption of insulin.
(2) Abdomen: It is the first choice, because the subcutaneous fat of the abdomen is thick, which can reduce the risk of injection into the muscle layer, and it is the easiest to pinch the abdominal skin and the fastest part to absorb insulin. It should be injected at 3 ~ 4 fingers apart on both sides of navel. The thinner the subcutaneous layer on both sides of the body, the easier it is to stick to the muscle layer. This part is most suitable for injection of short-acting insulin or insulin mixed with medium-acting insulin.
(3) lateral thigh: thigh injection can only be carried out from the front or side, and there are many blood vessels and nerves inside, which is not suitable for injection. When injecting the thigh, you must pinch the skin or use an ultra-fine and ultra-short (5 mm) pen needle.
(4) the lateral quarter of the upper arm: this is the most unsuitable part for self-injection, because the subcutaneous tissue of the upper arm is thin and easy to inject into the muscle layer: it is impossible to clamp the skin by itself when self-injection. When it is necessary to inject the upper arm, it is recommended to use an ultra-fine and ultra-short pen needle (5 mm) or to be assisted by medical staff and their families.
(5) Hips: Hips are suitable for injecting medium and long-acting insulin (such as medium-acting insulin injected before going to bed), because the subcutaneous layer of hips is thick and the absorption speed of insulin is slow, which can better control fasting blood sugar, and at the same time, there is no need to pinch the skin and there is no risk of intramuscular injection.
Injection time
(1) Quick-acting (short-acting) insulin: 1/2h Before meals, 3-4 times /d ketoacidosis.
(2) Moderately effective insulin: 1h, 1 ~ 2 times /d before breakfast or dinner.
(3) Slow (long-acting) insulin: before breakfast or dinner 1h, 1 time/d. ..
Matters needing attention
1. After starting insulin therapy, we should continue to adhere to diet control and exercise, strengthen the education of patients, encourage and guide patients to monitor blood sugar, so as to adjust insulin dosage and prevent hypoglycemia. All patients who start insulin therapy should be educated about the risk factors, symptoms and self-help measures of hypoglycemia.
2. The treatment plan of insulin should simulate the physiological insulin secretion mode, including the supplement of basic insulin and dietary insulin. The choice of scheme should be highly individualized, and blood sugar should be controlled as soon as possible according to the step-by-step treatment scheme driven by blood sugar reaching the standard.
3. Adverse reactions of overdose. If insulin is injected excessively during the treatment, it will lead to hypoglycemia. When poisoning is mild, it will mainly affect the autonomic nervous system, manifested as hunger, dizziness, pallor, fatigue, sweating, tremor, precordial discomfort, numbness of face and limbs, headache and so on. When blood sugar is further reduced, it will affect the central nervous system, resulting in dysphonia, diplopia, muscle tremor, ataxia, and then coma and convulsion in different degrees. This state is called insulin shock, and if it is not rescued in time, it will be life-threatening.
Adverse reaction of insulin
1, hypoglycemia reaction: the most common. More common in type I, brittle or type II, especially emaciation. Generally, due to too much physical activity, I occasionally eat too little, lose weight, reduce time or take too much. Symptoms include hunger, dizziness, weakness, sweating, palpitation, and even nervous system symptoms, such as disorientation, irritability, incoherent speech, dumbfounding, and sometimes worse, even fainting, convulsions, epilepsy, coma, and even death. In the course of treatment, patients should be taught to be familiar with this reaction and be vigilant at any time, and eat cakes, candy or syrup as soon as possible to alleviate it. In severe cases, more than 40ml of 50% glucose should be injected intravenously immediately.
2, allergic reaction: a few patients have allergic reactions, such as urticaria, angioneurotic edema, purpura, and very few have allergic shock. This reaction is generally caused by impurities in the preparation. Mild symptoms can be treated with antihistamines or taken orally instead. When necessary, subcutaneous injection of low-dose povidone insulin can also be used for desensitization.
3. Local reaction: (1), local skin redness, fever and subcutaneous nodules appear after injection, which are more common in the initial weeks of NPH or PZI treatment. Because of impurities such as protein, it can disappear by itself after changing the attention parts, without affecting the curative effect. (2), subcutaneous fat atrophy or hyperplasia, fat atrophy into concave sebum loss, more common in young women and children's thighs, abdominal wall and other injection sites. Subcutaneous tissue proliferates into a lump, which is more common in injection sites such as male buttocks, and sometimes numbness and tingling may occur, which may affect absorption. The injection site needs to be replaced to ensure treatment.
Third, surgical treatment.
The treatment of diabetes can rely on gastric bypass surgery.
(1) Disconnect the stomach first. The fatter you are, the less you leave people.
(2) When the small intestine is disconnected, the heavier the insulin resistance is, the farther the breakpoint is from the stomach. Of course, the more serious the weight loss is, it should be weighed according to two aspects.
(3) connecting the distal intestine with the stomach.
(4) The proximal part of the small intestine is planted on the distal small intestine. The proximal intestine contains pancreatic juice secreted by the pancreas and bile secreted by the liver, which is responsible for the digestion of fat and meat.
So when the two intestinal tubes meet, food is mixed with pancreatic juice and bile, and fat and protein are digested. The lower the connection point, the less complete the food digestion and the heavier the weight loss, but the stronger the function of islet cells.
Some people call it gastric shunt or gastric shunt. It treats diabetes by changing the structure of gastrointestinal tract, that is, ① food does not pass through the duodenum (pancreas), which reduces the excessive stimulation of food to the pancreas, reduces insulin resistance, and increases the body's ability to use sugar without increasing or even reducing insulin; ② Shorten the distance from food to terminal small intestine and colon, and shorten the time for some undigested food to reach terminal ileum (the end of small intestine), so that terminal ileum can secrete hormones that lower blood sugar and participate in sugar metabolism, thus improving the utilization ability of sugar, lowering blood sugar and curing diabetes.
The effect of this operation, in popular terms, is that physical operation has taken place but chemical reaction has taken place.
After years of follow-up, the effective rate of operation is over 95%. According to the choice of patients and surgical methods, the cure rate is generally 80%~90%. Cure means that the medication is completely stopped, and the postprandial blood glucose and fasting blood glucose are normal.
Since there is such a surgical effect, can all diabetic patients be treated surgically? Although this operation has achieved obvious therapeutic effect, it is not aimed at all types of diabetes. As mentioned above, the main therapeutic effect of this operation is to reduce insulin resistance and improve insulin secretion at the same time.
Therefore, at present, it is mainly aimed at type 2 diabetes, because type 2 diabetes is mainly insulin-resistant diabetes. Moreover, it must be obese type 2 diabetes.
Prevention of diabetes:
1, primary prevention: establish a correct diet concept and adopt a reasonable lifestyle. Although diabetes has some genetic factors, the key factors are life factors and environmental factors. Excessive calorie intake, overnutrition, obesity and lack of exercise are the important causes of the disease. Proper calorie intake, low salt, low sugar, low fat, high fiber and adequate vitamins are the best dietary combinations.
2. Secondary prevention: regularly measure blood sugar and find asymptomatic diabetes as soon as possible. Blood sugar measurement should be included in the routine physical examination of middle-aged and elderly people, even if it is normal once, it should be measured regularly. Anyone with signs of diabetes, such as abnormal skin sensation, sexual dysfunction, poor eyesight, polyuria, cataract, etc. , should be measured in time and carefully identified, so as to diagnose as soon as possible and win valuable time for early treatment.
3. Tertiary prevention: Diabetic patients are prone to other chronic diseases, and most of them are life-threatening due to complications. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the monitoring of chronic complications of diabetes, so as to find and prevent them early, but the curative effect is often poor in the late stage. Early diagnosis and early treatment can often prevent the occurrence of complications and make patients live a near-normal life for a long time.
Preventive education
1. Because about half of the early patients have no symptoms or mild symptoms, they often cannot be diagnosed and prevented in time. Therefore, we should vigorously carry out diabetes publicity and health education, so that the diagnosed patients can understand diabetes and gradually become familiar with the comprehensive treatment principles of basic measures such as diet, exercise, medication, urine sugar and blood sugar monitoring.
2. Cooperate with medical staff to improve quality control, so as to >; Subjects over 50 years old, especially the above-mentioned high-risk subjects, have a blood sugar screening test 2 hours after meals every year, so that asymptomatic patients can be diagnosed and prevented as soon as possible. The contents of education still need to include the significance of long-term adherence to diet therapy, detection methods of urine sugar and blood glucose meter, precautions of insulin treatment, aseptic injection, hypoglycemia reaction and initial treatment.
Health care and diet of diabetes;
1. Mental health care: Once a disease is diagnosed, we should adopt a correct attitude and overcome it with confidence. We shouldn't be overwhelmed by the hat of diabetes, but we are depressed all day, unwilling to work, afraid to exercise and afraid to rest. Don't turn a blind eye, don't pay attention to all aspects, emotional imbalance, overwork, or worry too much will lead to endocrine disorders, which is not conducive to controlling blood sugar.
2, exercise: 1 type diabetes (insulin-dependent diabetes) patients should not exercise excessively to avoid hypoglycemia, and can take gentle exercise methods such as walking and doing exercises; Patients with type 2 diabetes (non-insulin-dependent diabetes) can do more exercise, such as brisk walking, jogging, cycling, playing Tai Ji Chuan and so on. No matter what kind of exercise, you need to persevere to achieve the purpose of exercise.
3. Dietary health care: the staple food is mainly coarse grains, supplemented by flour and rice; Non-staple food is mainly vegetables, supplemented by lean meat and eggs, and small fish can be eaten. As the saying goes, "simple tea and light rice are healthy and positive." Whether you have three meals a day or four meals a day, you should eat enough to avoid or reduce the phenomenon of palpitation, shaking hands and sweating before meals. Especially children and pregnant women. Usually bitter gourd, pumpkin, sub-waist melon and guava can be ground into powder and taken orally in moderation; You can also cook porridge with glutinous rice and black beans in moderation.
4. Appropriate medication: glibenclamide, damekang, insulin and other drugs should be used under the guidance of a doctor, and blood sugar, urine sugar, liver function and blood routine should be tested regularly to avoid adverse reactions. If you have high blood pressure, hyperlipidemia, etc. You need symptomatic treatment, and the curative effect will be better if you combine traditional Chinese and western medicine.
prescribe a diet
(1) Tricholoma and wax gourd
Ingredients: white gourd, Tricholoma, onion, Jiang Mo, salt, monosodium glutamate and cooking oil.
Practice: Peel the wax gourd, cut it into 3cm square pieces, and slice the mushrooms with a top knife. Heat oil in a pot, add minced onion and ginger, add a little broth and salt to boil, add wax gourd and mushroom, stir-fry over high heat, add monosodium glutamate, and take off the pot.
Health care function: wax gourd is a natural diuretic and detumescence agent, which has a good detumescence effect on diabetics.
(2) Broccoli wrapped with pine nuts and fish rice
Ingredients: lettuce, corn, pine nuts, salad oil, herring, bean paste, salt and other condiments.
Practice: herring is changed into granules and sized. Stir-fry pine nuts and corn, add fish, stir fry, add salt and monosodium glutamate. Wash lettuce and wrap the whole lettuce leaf with fried pine nuts, fish and rice and bean paste when eating.
Health care function: Lettuce is rich in vitamins, pine nuts contain unsaturated fatty acids and vitamin E, and fish and rice contain high-quality protein.
(3) Pueraria porridge
Materials: japonica rice100g, kudzu root powder 30g.
Practice: After cleaning Pueraria lobata, cut it into pieces, add water and grind it into pulp. After precipitation, take the starch and dry it for later use. Wash the japonica rice. Put the japonica rice into a pot, add a proper amount of water, boil it with strong fire, then cook it with slow fire until the rice is half cooked, add kudzu root powder, and continue to cook it with slow fire until the rice is rotten into porridge.
Health care efficacy: it has the functions of reducing fever, blood fat and blood sugar.
(4) Chinese yam
Health care efficacy: used for frequent urination, edema of lower limbs, clearing away heat and reducing fire, etc.
Adaptive food
1, scientific intake of high-quality fat and protein, such as silky fowl, rabbit meat, salmon, tuna, cod, eel, milk, yogurt, eggs, peanuts, etc.
2. Foods containing dietary fiber, such as mung beans, kelp, corn flour, oatmeal, spinach, celery, leeks, bean sprouts, etc.
3. Soybean and its products, such as yuba, shredded bean curd, dried bean curd, bean curd brain, bean powder, etc.
4. Light vegetables and therapeutic foods, such as Chinese cabbage, cabbage, rape, yam, wax gourd, wheat, mung bean, bitter gourd, etc.
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