Hello, dear friend, coffee is happy to answer for you: there is no such thing as the best medicine, there are many medicines to choose from. Look at the following: antihypertensive drug treatment 1. The purpose of antihypertensive therapy 1 is to inhibit the progress of the disease and delay arteriosclerosis; ② Prevent or delay the complications of heart, brain, kidney and other important organs; ③ Reduce the mortality of hypertension; (4) Restoring or maintaining the labor force. (2) The indication of antihypertensive therapy is hypertension above grade 2 (≥160/100 mmhg); Combined with diabetes or right heart, brain, kidney and other target organ damage and complications; Blood pressure continued to rise for more than 6 months, and non-drug treatment was not effectively controlled; Patients with high grade and high risk should receive intensive drug treatment. Third, blood pressure control objectives Because blood pressure has a linear relationship with the incidence of cardiac, cerebral and renal complications, effective treatment must reduce blood pressure to the normal range, that is, 140/90mmHg, which is also the standard for the elderly. For young and middle-aged patients (once essential hypertension is established, lifelong treatment (including non-drug treatment) is usually needed. After the treatment of antihypertensive drugs, the blood pressure can be controlled satisfactorily, and the dosage of antihypertensive drugs can be gradually reduced, but generally long-term medication is still needed, and hypertension will still recur after drug withdrawal. Dosage and administration 1. Diuretics hydrochlorothiazide 12.5 mg daily (thiazide diuretic) chlorothiazide 25 ~ 50 mg daily (thiazide diuretic) spironolactone 20 ~ 40 mg daily 1 ~ 2 times (thiazide diuretic) amiloride 5 ~ 10 mg daily 1 0. It is suitable for mild to moderate hypertension, and has a strong antihypertensive effect on salt-sensitive hypertension, obesity or diabetes, menopausal women and the elderly. It can enhance the efficacy of other antihypertensive drugs. The adverse reaction is fatigue. Gout is forbidden. Potassium retention and sodium excretion agent is not suitable for ACEI. Renal insufficiency is prohibited. Loop diuretics are used for renal insufficiency. 2. Beta blockers propranolol 100 ~ 20mg twice a day (beta blockers), metoprolol 25 ~ 50mg twice a day (beta blockers), atenolol 50 ~ 100mg twice a day (beta blockers) and betamine. 0 times (beta blockers) bisoprolol 5 ~ 10 mg daily 1 time (beta blockers) carvedilol 12.5 ~ 25 mg daily 1 ~ 2 times (alpha and beta blockers) labetalol 100 mg. It is suitable for hypertension with different severity, especially for young and middle-aged patients with fast heart rate and angina pectoris. The curative effect on senile hypertension is poor. The adverse reactions were bradycardia, fatigue and chills in limbs. Calcium channel blockers (CCB) are contraindicated in patients with acute heart failure, bronchial asthma, sick sinus syndrome, atrioventricular block and peripheral vascular diseases. Calcium antagonist) nifedipine 5 ~ 10 mg (dihydropyridine) nifedipine controlled release tablets 30 ~ 60 mg (dihydropyridine) nicardipine 40 mg (dihydropyridine) nitrendipine 10 mg (dihydropyridine) felodipine twice a day. (dihydropyridine) amlodipine 5 ~ 10 mg 1 once a day (dihydropyridine) lacidipine 4 ~ 6 mg 1 once a day (dihydropyridine) lercanidipine 10 ~ 20 mg 1 once a day (dihydropyridine) It has a good antihypertensive effect on elderly patients, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are not disturbed. It also has obvious antihypertensive effect on alcoholics. It can be used for patients with diabetes, coronary heart disease and peripheral vascular diseases, and has anti-atherosclerosis effect after long-term use. The adverse reactions were increased heart rate, facial flushing, headache and edema of lower limbs. Non-dihydropyridine can treat heart failure and sinus node dysfunction, 4. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) Captopril 12.5 ~ 50mg twice daily (ACEI) Enalapril 10 ~ 20mg twice daily (ACEI) Benazepril 10 ~ 20mg once daily (ACEI). 1 time (ACEI) ramipril 2.5 ~ 10 mg daily (ACEI) fosinopril 10 ~ 20 mg daily (ACEI) cilazapril 2.5 ~ 5 mg daily (ACEI) Pepe. Slowly, gradually, the maximum effect is achieved in 3 ~ 4 weeks. Restricting sodium intake or combining diuretics can make the effect rapid and enhanced. It has a good therapeutic effect on obesity, diabetes and hypertension with target organ damage, especially for patients with heart failure, myocardial infarction and diabetes. The adverse reactions were irritating dry cough and vascular edema. Hyperkalemia, pregnancy and bilateral renal artery stenosis are contraindications. Use more than 3 mg of blood inosine with caution. 5. angiotensin ⅱ receptor blocker (ARB) losartan 50 ~ 100 mg daily (ARB) valsartan 80 ~ 160 mg daily (ARB) irbesartan 158. RB) Telmisartan 40 ~ 80mg 65438+ 0 times a day (ARB) Candesartan 8 ~ 16mg 65438+ 0 times a day (ARB) Features: slow onset, but sustained and stable, reaching the maximum curative effect in 6 ~ 8 weeks, and the duration of action is more than 24 hours. Restricting sodium intake or combining diuretics can significantly enhance the curative effect. The curative effect and dosage increase, and the effect is enhanced. Adverse reactions directly related to drugs are rare. The treatment targets and contraindications of ARB are the same as those of ACEI, which is a substitute for the latter's adverse reactions. 6. TCM treatment is mainly based on TCM syndrome differentiation, and the treatment of hyperactivity of liver yang is to calm the liver and suppress yang, and add and subtract Tianma Gouteng Yin; The treatment of liver and kidney yin deficiency is nourishing yin and suppressing yang, and adding and subtracting Liuwei Dihuang decoction; Deficiency of yin and yang is treated by warming yang and nourishing yin, and adding and subtracting Dihuang Yinzi. In the unilateral treatment, the unit drugs with certain antihypertensive effect are Chrysanthemum morifolium, Scutellariae Radix, Eucommiae Cortex, Cortex Moutan, Rhizoma Coptidis, Rhizoma Chuanxiong, etc. Apocynum venetum and Prunella vulgaris also have diuretic effects. Plum blossom needle and ear acupuncture also have certain effects. The principle of choosing antihypertensive drugs is 1. Principle of medication: ① adhere to the principle of long-term medication, even if the effect is obvious or the blood pressure is close. ② Oral preparations, such as diuretics, beta blockers, etc., have mild and lasting antihypertensive effects and few side effects, and patients can master them themselves as basic treatments to keep their blood pressure gradually decreasing; (3) combination of drugs to enhance synergy and improve curative effect; Reduce the dosage of each drug; Reduce the side effects of drugs; Ensure that the blood pressure drop is relatively stable; (4) gradually increase the dose from a small dose, and after achieving the expected curative effect, consolidate the curative effect by maintaining the dose, prevent the blood pressure from rising and reduce the side effects; ⑤ Insist on individualization of medication, and select effective drugs according to patients' sensitivity to drugs, severity of illness, hemodynamic changes and complications; ⑥ It is not advisable to reduce blood pressure too fast or too low (causing a sharp drop in blood flow of heart, brain and kidney) to cause cerebrovascular accidents, coronary artery thrombosis and renal insufficiency. 2. Drug selection: ① ACE inhibitors and diuretics should be selected for patients with heart failure; ② Diuretics and long-acting dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers should be used in elderly patients with systolic hypertension; ③ ACE inhibitors can be used in patients with diabetes, proteinuria or mild to moderate renal insufficiency (non-renal vessels); ④ For patients with myocardial infarction, β receptor blockers or ACE inhibitors without endogenous sympathomimetic effects (especially those with systolic dysfunction) can be selected, and calcium channel blockers can also be selected for patients with stable angina pectoris. ⑤ α 1 blockers can be used in patients with abnormal lipid metabolism, but β blockers and diuretics should not be used; ⑥ ACE inhibitors and angiotensin Ⅱ receptor blockers should not be used in pregnant women, and tetradopa can be used instead; ⑦ Beta blockers should not be used in patients with bronchial asthma, depression and diabetes; Patients with gout should not use diuretics; Beta blockers and non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers should not be used in patients with cardiac pacing conduction disorder. Usually, we should pay attention to: a reasonable diet (low sodium diet) and a low salt diet: the amount of salt eaten by each person every day should be strictly controlled at 2-5 grams, that is, about one spoonful. The amount of salt should also be subtracted from the sodium contained in the boiled soy sauce. 3 ml of soy sauce is equivalent to 1 g of salt. Salted vegetables (sauces), fermented bean curd, bacon (eggs), pickled products, clam shells, dried shrimps, preserved eggs, chrysanthemums, grass heads, water spinach and other vegetables are all high in sodium, so we should try to eat less or not. Foods rich in potassium can resist sodium-induced hypertension and vascular injury, and can often "show their faces" in recipes. This kind of food includes beans, mushrooms, black dates, almonds, walnuts, peanuts, potatoes, bamboo shoots, lean meat, fish and poultry, root vegetables such as amaranth, rape and green onions, and fruits such as bananas, dates, peaches and oranges. Fish No matter what kind of hypertension patients, fish is the first choice, because epidemiological survey found that people who eat fish once a week have significantly lower heart disease mortality than those who don't eat fish. The human body needs B vitamins and vitamin C every day, and it can be satisfied by eating more fresh vegetables and fruits. Some people argue that eating 1-2 apples a day is good for health, and fruits can also supplement calcium, potassium, iron and magnesium. Eat foods rich in calcium, such as soybeans, sunflower seeds, walnuts, milk, peanuts, fish and shrimp, red dates, fresh potherb mustard, garlic sprouts, laver and so on. Eating more iron-rich foods such as peas and fungus can not only lower blood pressure, but also prevent anemia in the elderly. Second, moderate exercise is needed. Third, smoking can lead to high blood pressure. Fourth, we should have a good psychological balance. The psychological manifestations of patients with hypertension are nervousness, irritability and emotional instability. These are the causes of high blood pressure. 5. Measure blood pressure regularly, at least once every 1-2 weeks. Six, see a doctor on time, timely review. Seven, actively prevent complications. I hope it helps you.