Saliva is a colorless and thin liquid, commonly known as saliva. Although it was called "golden jade liquid" in ancient times, it always gives people a feeling of impurity and indecent in modern times. Digestive juice is a mixture of mucus secreted by three pairs of large salivary glands (mandibular gland, parotid gland and sublingual gland) and many small mucus glands on the oral wall. Saliva is colorless and tasteless, with a PH of 6.6 to 7. 1. The daily secretion of normal people is about 1.0 to 1.5 liters (the daily saliva secretion of herbivores such as cattle and sheep is as high as 65438+ 0/3 of their body weight). 99% of human saliva is water.
Mainly secreted by salivary glands. There are many salivary glands in the human body. Small salivary glands are distributed in the mucosa of various parts of the oral cavity, including four kinds of glands: lip, cheek, tongue and palate, while large salivary glands are parotid gland, sublingual gland and submandibular gland. Parotid gland, submandibular gland and sublingual gland are the main salivary secretion organs. At the same time, secretion is controlled by cerebral cortex, and also influenced by diet, environment, age, mood or salivary gland diseases. It is normal for people to secrete 1 0,000-10,500 ml of saliva every day.
It is a mixture of liquid secreted by three pairs of large salivary glands (mandibular gland, parotid gland and sublingual gland) and mucus secreted by many small mucous glands on the oral wall.
The digestive juice of saliva. Saliva is colorless and tasteless, with a PH of 6.6 ~ 7. 1. The daily secretion of normal people is about 1.0 ~ 1.5 liters (the daily saliva secretion of herbivores such as cattle and sheep is as high as 65438+ 0/3 of the body weight). 99% of human saliva is water, the organic substances are mainly salivary amylase, mucopolysaccharide, mucin and lysozyme, and the inorganic substances are sodium, potassium, calcium, chlorine and thiocyanate ions. The composition of saliva varies from animal to animal. Humans and some mammals (rabbits, mice, etc. ) Saliva contains amylase, but there is almost no amylase in the saliva of dogs, cats and horses. After human saliva is mixed with food, it can dissolve the soluble components in food, make it act on taste buds and cause taste. Saliva can prevent dry mouth and lubricate food; It can also clean the mouth and rinse the food residue left in the mouth. When harmful substances enter the mouth, saliva can dilute and neutralize them and wash them off the oral mucosa. Saliva makes the mouth moist and easy to speak. Before food is mixed with gastric acid, salivary amylase in chyme in stomach can decompose starch in food into maltose. Lysozyme and thiocyanate ions in saliva have bactericidal effect, and mucin not only has lubricating effect, but also neutralizes gastric acid after entering the stomach, and adheres to the mucosa under the action of gastric acid to resist the corrosion of gastric acid on gastric mucosa. Saliva will also be excreted. For example, some substances in the body and some viruses, such as potassium iodide, lead, mercury, rabies, polio, HIV, etc., can be excreted or spread through saliva. When parotid gland is infected with mumps virus, it can cause mumps (mumps), and the patient's parotid gland is swollen and painful, and saliva secretion is reduced. The disease is contagious, mainly spread by saliva droplets of patients. Some birds have developed salivary glands, and use saliva to bond seaweed to build nests, such as the nest built by Jin Siyan, which is the famous tonic "Bird's Nest" in China.
Saliva is saliva secreted by salivary glands around the mouth. Has the functions of lubricating oral mucosa, dissolving food and promoting swallowing. It also contains amylase and lysozyme, which can help digestion and have bactericidal effect. Therefore, saliva is a physiological substance secreted by the human body itself. [ 1]
Function of saliva
(1) Moisturizes the mouth and food, making it easy to speak and swallow.
(2) dissolve food, and constantly remove food particles from taste buds, so as to constantly taste the taste of food.
③ Clean and protect the oral cavity.
④ Antibacterial effect.
5 digestion.
Advantages of saliva: it contains carbonate, phosphate and protein, which can bring chemical protection to teeth; Amylase contained in it can help digestion; The ingredients can fight bacteria; Can clean the mouth; Cancer and AIDS can be detected by detecting saliva.
Disadvantages of saliva: saliva can also spread diseases through people with germs.
The health care function of saliva has been valued and affirmed since ancient times. When the ancients began to write, the word "living" meant water on the side of the tongue, which meant that water (saliva) on the side of the tongue could maintain the vitality of the human body. In order to emphasize its importance, physicians and health experts of past dynasties named it "Jinjin", "Yu Ye", "Qiongjiang", "Ganlu", "Bai Weiling" and "Huachi Shenshui".
"Compendium of Materia Medica" records: "If a person is sick, the heart and kidney do not meet, and the kidney water does not go up, the body fluid is dry and the true qi is consumed." Li Shizhen pointed out: "Body fluid is transformed from human essence." Ancient medical scientists believed that "body fluid" was transformed from "essence" and was full of essence, so the kidney water rose and turned into body fluid, which was swallowed again to moisten the heart and prevent overflow, and the fire and water were in harmony. Yin Pingyang was secretly called "self-drinking longevity wine". Therefore, the ancients often swallowed body fluids to achieve the effect of eliminating diseases, strengthening the body and prolonging life.
Normal people secrete about 1000 ~ 1500 ml of saliva every day, which is a mixture of three pairs of large salivary glands in the mouth, namely parotid gland, submandibular gland and sublingual gland. Normal saliva is colorless, odorless and almost neutral (pH 6.6 ~ 7. 1). The main component is water, accounting for 98.5% ~ 99%, and the rest is salt plasma containing sodium, potassium, calcium, chlorine and sulfur, amylase, lysozyme and mucinase.
The basic physiological function of saliva is to moisten and clean the oral cavity, eliminate bacteria that produce tartar, dissolve substances harmful to teeth, soften swallowed food, decompose starch and have digestive effect. If the amylase in saliva is weakened, it will affect the digestion of food, and it will easily lead to gastrointestinal inflammation or ulcer because it can not protect the gastric mucosa from the damage of gastric acid.
Generally, people with strong physique are rich in saliva secretion. Old and weak people often have insufficient saliva secretion, such as dry mouth, dry skin, decreased physical strength, tinnitus and hard of hearing, facial loss of luster, constipation and so on. Keeping in good health by swallowing saliva can regain youth and resist aging.
As the old saying goes, "Qi is the medicine to prolong life, while body fluid is the medicine to prolong life." The most attractive substance in saliva is parotid hormone discovered by Japanese doctor Ogata Saburo. This hormone is secreted by parotid gland, and many scholars think it is a kind of "rejuvenation" hormone. Parotid hormone can increase the vitality of muscles, blood vessels, connective tissues, bones, cartilage and teeth, especially strengthen the elasticity of blood vessels and improve the vitality of connective tissues. As long as the parotid gland hormone is full, the functions of blood vessels, skin stroma and connective tissue will be strengthened, and the elasticity of skin will be maintained. But when people reach middle age, the parotid gland begins to shrink, and the hormones secreted gradually decrease. Frequent swallowing and body fluid movement can delay the atrophy of parotid gland.
Repair wounds and promote healing.
Saliva has the functions of diminishing inflammation, relieving pain, stopping bleeding, sterilizing and detoxifying. In daily life, people always like to apply a little saliva to heal and relieve pain. After the tip of the tongue and lips are bitten, the wound often heals much faster than other parts; Animals often lick their wounds with their tongues after being injured. What is even more incredible is that there is a strange dermatology hospital in Bavaria, Germany, which licks the patient's skin with the tongue of a cow and is also very effective in treating neurodermatitis and tinea capitis. Scientists in the former Soviet Union used saliva therapy to treat some intractable skin diseases that had not been cured for a long time, and they also achieved unexpected success. This series of mysterious effects was finally uncovered by Dr. Cohen in the United States. He found that there are two precious protein in saliva: epidermal growth factor (EGF) and nerve growth factor (KGF). The former is a polypeptide composed of 53 amino acids, which can promote cell proliferation and differentiation, replace aging and dead cells with new vitality cells, and has special effects such as accelerating the healing of skin and mucosal wounds and preventing ulcers. The latter can promote nerve growth, make the broken nerve endings grow and extend, "weld" the broken nerve, and restore the sensory and motor functions of the damaged skin as soon as possible. Cohen won the 1986 Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine.
Smooth skin and pleasant face.
Saliva is also very useful in beauty, skin care and beauty. For example, Leng Qian's "Essentials of Aging" records: "The color is haggard, the management is excessive, and the work is not detailed. Sit quietly every morning, close your eyes, concentrate, cheer up, wash your internal organs from the inside out, rub your face with your hands seven times, and still apply mouthwash to your face and rub it several times. According to this method, after half a month, the skin is smooth and the face is pleasing, which is more than average. "
Medical research has found that saliva is produced by plasma. Some of these ingredients are not only the best nutrients for skin cells, but also do not cause skin allergies; Saliva contains a variety of biological enzymes, such as lysozyme and amylase. , weakly alkaline, can eliminate oil secreted by facial skin, kill some bacteria on the face, and avoid facial sores and spots. Therefore, wiping your face with saliva often has unexpected effects.
Saliva is saliva secreted by salivary glands around the mouth. Has the functions of lubricating oral mucosa, dissolving food and promoting swallowing. It also contains amylase and lysozyme, which can help digestion and have bactericidal effect. Therefore, saliva is a physiological substance secreted by the human body itself. [ 1]
Function of saliva
(1) Moisturizes the mouth and food, making it easy to speak and swallow.
(2) dissolve food, and constantly remove food particles from taste buds, so as to constantly taste the taste of food.
③ Clean and protect the oral cavity.
④ Antibacterial effect.
5 digestion.
Advantages of saliva: it contains carbonate, phosphate and protein, which can bring chemical protection to teeth; Amylase contained in it can help digestion; The ingredients can fight bacteria; Can clean the mouth; Cancer and AIDS can be detected by detecting saliva.
Disadvantages of saliva: saliva can also spread diseases through people with germs.
The health care function of saliva has been valued and affirmed since ancient times. When the ancients began to write, the word "living" meant water on the side of the tongue, which meant that water (saliva) on the side of the tongue could maintain the vitality of the human body. In order to emphasize its importance, physicians and health experts of past dynasties named it "Jinjin", "Yu Ye", "Qiongjiang", "Ganlu", "Bai Weiling" and "Huachi Shenshui".
"Compendium of Materia Medica" records: "If a person is sick, the heart and kidney do not meet, and the kidney water does not go up, the body fluid is dry and the true qi is consumed." Li Shizhen pointed out: "Body fluid is transformed from human essence." Ancient medical scientists believed that "body fluid" was transformed from "essence" and was full of essence, so the kidney water rose and turned into body fluid, which was swallowed again to moisten the heart and prevent overflow, and the fire and water were in harmony. Yin Pingyang was secretly called "self-drinking longevity wine". Therefore, the ancients often swallowed body fluids to achieve the effect of eliminating diseases, strengthening the body and prolonging life.
Normal people secrete about 1000 ~ 1500 ml of saliva every day, which is a mixture of three pairs of large salivary glands in the mouth, namely parotid gland, submandibular gland and sublingual gland. Normal saliva is colorless, odorless and almost neutral (pH 6.6 ~ 7. 1). The main component is water, accounting for 98.5% ~ 99%, and the rest is salt plasma containing sodium, potassium, calcium, chlorine and sulfur, amylase, lysozyme and mucinase.
The basic physiological function of saliva is to moisten and clean the oral cavity, eliminate bacteria that produce tartar, dissolve substances harmful to teeth, soften swallowed food, decompose starch and have digestive effect. If the amylase in saliva is weakened, it will affect the digestion of food, and it will easily lead to gastrointestinal inflammation or ulcer because it can not protect the gastric mucosa from the damage of gastric acid.
Generally, people with strong physique are rich in saliva secretion. Old and weak people often have insufficient saliva secretion, such as dry mouth, dry skin, decreased physical strength, tinnitus and hard of hearing, facial loss of luster, constipation and so on. Keeping in good health by swallowing saliva can regain youth and resist aging.
As the old saying goes, "Qi is the medicine to prolong life, while body fluid is the medicine to prolong life." The most attractive substance in saliva is parotid hormone discovered by Japanese doctor Ogata Saburo. This hormone is secreted by parotid gland, and many scholars think it is a kind of "rejuvenation" hormone. Parotid hormone can increase the vitality of muscles, blood vessels, connective tissues, bones, cartilage and teeth, especially strengthen the elasticity of blood vessels and improve the vitality of connective tissues. As long as the parotid gland hormone is full, the functions of blood vessels, skin stroma and connective tissue will be strengthened, and the elasticity of skin will be maintained. But when people reach middle age, the parotid gland begins to shrink, and the hormones secreted gradually decrease. Frequent swallowing and body fluid movement can delay the atrophy of parotid gland.
Repair wounds and promote healing.
Saliva has the functions of diminishing inflammation, relieving pain, stopping bleeding, sterilizing and detoxifying. In daily life, people always like to apply a little saliva to heal and relieve pain. After the tip of the tongue and lips are bitten, the wound often heals much faster than other parts; Animals often lick their wounds with their tongues after being injured. What is even more incredible is that there is a strange dermatology hospital in Bavaria, Germany, which licks the patient's skin with the tongue of a cow and is also very effective in treating neurodermatitis and tinea capitis. Scientists in the former Soviet Union used saliva therapy to treat some intractable skin diseases that had not been cured for a long time, and they also achieved unexpected success. This series of mysterious effects was finally uncovered by Dr. Cohen in the United States. He found that there are two precious protein in saliva: epidermal growth factor (EGF) and nerve growth factor (KGF). The former is a polypeptide composed of 53 amino acids, which can promote cell proliferation and differentiation, replace aging and dead cells with new vitality cells, and has special effects such as accelerating the healing of skin and mucosal wounds and preventing ulcers. The latter can promote nerve growth, make the broken nerve endings grow and extend, "weld" the broken nerve, and restore the sensory and motor functions of the damaged skin as soon as possible. Cohen won the 1986 Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine.
Smooth skin and pleasant face.
Saliva is also very useful in beauty, skin care and beauty. For example, Leng Qian's "Essentials of Aging" records: "The color is haggard, the management is excessive, and the work is not detailed. Sit quietly every morning, close your eyes, concentrate, cheer up, wash your internal organs from the inside out, rub your face seven times with your hands, and still apply mouthwash to your face and rub it several times. According to this method, after half a month, the skin is smooth and the face is pleasing, which is more than average. "
Medical research has found that saliva is produced by plasma. Some of these ingredients are not only the best nutrients for skin cells, but also do not cause skin allergies; Saliva contains a variety of biological enzymes, such as lysozyme and amylase. , weakly alkaline, can eliminate oil secreted by facial skin, kill some bacteria on the face, and avoid facial sores and spots. Therefore, wiping your face with saliva often has unexpected effects.
Human saliva contains many substances beneficial to human health. Swallowing saliva every day can cure diseases and prolong life.
Saliva contains amylase, lysozyme, peroxidase, mucin, phospholipids, phosphoprotein amino acids, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium and other substances. These substances have the functions of digesting food, sterilizing, resisting bacteria and protecting gastric mucosa.
Saliva contains a hormone that keeps people young and can enhance the vitality of muscles, muscle tubes, bones, cartilage and teeth. Saliva has a strong disinfection and sterilization ability, which can effectively kill carcinogens in food. Saliva also contains a special saliva growth factor, which can promote the growth and division of human cells, shorten the healing time of skin wounds and protect the elasticity of skin.
Saliva is called "the liquid of gold and jade" by China traditional medicine, and it is also called "the water of huachi". In ancient times, some monastic health practitioners believed that as long as they consciously swallowed the body fluid produced under their tongues and persisted all the year round, they could enhance their vitality and prolong their lives.
Modern medicine once thought that saliva was only the digestive juice secreted by exocrine glands in the mouth. Its function is to help digest and stir wet food. However, the research results in recent years show that saliva is not immortal water, but it is not only digestive juice, but also has many functions.
What does it feel like to drool in spring?
The first is immune function. Fumio Shimizu, a professor at Tohoku University in Japan, collected saliva samples from 22 healthy people aged 2-40 when studying AIDS. Each person mixed 0.5 ml of saliva containing HIV and kept it at 37C for one hour. It was found that 99% of 17 samples had been destroyed by AIDS. Further study found that this is the inactivation of saliva lysozyme. It is not only the bane of HIV, but also can kill some pathogenic bacteria that enter the mouth.
What does it feel like to drool in spring?
Secondly, it has recently been found that saliva can also transform a variety of carcinogens into harmless substances. Professor Nishiooka of Japan believes that if food can be chewed in the mouth for more than 30 seconds, peroxidase, hydrogen peroxide and other 13 enzymes in saliva can basically eliminate trace carcinogens such as nitroso compounds and aflatoxin that may exist in food. This shows that saliva is a unique anticancer agent for human body.
Thirdly, salivary glands can also produce a variety of bioactive substances to participate in regulating life activities. For example, nerve growth factor secreted by salivary gland has high efficiency in stimulating the growth and differentiation of sensory sympathetic nerve; There is a kind of protein called epithelial growth factor in saliva, which can promote the growth of epidermis and epithelial tissue. In the past, people used to apply saliva to the wound to heal it. This is the unintentional use of saliva to sterilize and promote wound growth and healing. Epithelial growth factor (EGF) has been used as a drug to treat various body surface injuries. Most notably, the parotid gland can secrete a hormone that can regulate blood sugar. It has been proved that parotid gland is an important tissue outside pancreas, which can increase the level of insulin in blood. Some experts are optimistic that if we find a way to strengthen parotid gland function, we may find another way to treat diabetes.
Finally, people invented many methods to monitor health and diagnose diseases by measuring the composition and changes of saliva. Because the composition of saliva is very similar to serum, the change of saliva composition also reflects the disease and health status. Saliva detection is very popular with doctors and patients because it is convenient and painless. For example, saliva samples can be used instead of blood samples to detect AIDS patients and HIV carriers. The content of bacteriolytic alcohol in saliva can reflect the quality of living environment very sensitively. After living in a room with poor sanitary conditions for 15 days, the lysozyme in saliva dropped to the normal level of 1/4. The content of carbon dioxide in saliva of patients with intestinal ascaris increased, and the acidity increased. It is more sanitary and convenient to detect ascaris than to check stool. Measuring the ratio of sodium to potassium in saliva can distinguish whether sympathetic nerve or parasympathetic nerve is hypertonic. Elevated Lipase in Saliva of Patients with Hypertension and Renal Insufficiency: Elevated Amylase in Saliva of Patients with Mumps and Gallbladder Fibrosis.
What does it feel like to drool in spring?
In a word, the magical effect of saliva has bright research and utilization prospects.