With the continuous discovery of the clinical efficacy of Rabdosia rubescens, Rabdosia rubescens tablets, Rabdosia rubescens syrup and other drugs have been used one after another, and achieved a wide range of curative effects. Products such as Rabdosia rubescens tea, Rabdosia rubescens toothpaste and Rabdosia rubescens refreshing liquid have gradually entered people's lives. Rabdosia rubescens has the health care functions of anti-cancer, clearing away heat and reducing blood fat, which is being accepted by more and more people, and Rabdosia rubescens has also entered people's daily life. For those who are prone to sore throat, toothache, sore mouth and tongue, and getting angry, Rabdosia rubescens can be used 3-5g daily, and boiled water is used instead of tea. People who are afraid of cold should avoid it.
The special feature of Rabdosia rubescens is that the colorful visual effect is a perfect picture when the natural temperature is below 0 degrees in winter. Therefore, Rabdosia rubescens is a good medicinal ground cover plant, which has broad popularization and utilization value in landscaping.
Rabdosia rubescens tastes bitter, sweet and slightly cold. Rabdosia rubescens has good effects of clearing away heat and toxic materials, promoting blood circulation to relieve pain, inhibiting bacteria and resisting tumor, and is mainly used for treating sore throat, tonsillitis, cold and headache, tracheitis, chronic hepatitis, joint pain and snake bite. Whole grass can relieve esophageal cancer, breast cancer and rectal cancer.
efficacy
Observation on the clinical curative effect of this crude herb preparation has certain relieving effect on esophageal cancer, cardiac cancer, liver cancer, breast cancer and rectal cancer.
It can prevent and treat the side effects of radiotherapy, such as acute and chronic pharyngitis, tonsillitis, parotitis, tracheitis, chronic persistent hepatitis, etc.
According to the dictionary of modern Chinese medicine, Rabdosia rubescens is bitter, sweet and slightly cold, clearing away heat and toxic materials, promoting blood circulation and relieving pain. Used for sore throat, tonsillitis, snake bite, rheumatic bone pain, etc. Its main functions are: anti-tumor, anti-bacterial, antipyretic and dryness-reducing.
It is found that Rabdosia rubescens also has the functions of relieving fever, reducing dryness, moistening throat, reducing blood lipid and lowering blood pressure. It has a good preventive and therapeutic effect on colds, fever, sores on the mouth and tongue, and excessive internal heat. It can be used as a daily health drink for middle-aged and elderly people and some special people such as teachers, actors and announcers, and has the effect of delaying aging.
Since ancient times, people in Taihang Mountain area have drunk Rabdosia rubescens as tea. Because of its effects of clearing away heat and toxic materials, clearing throat and relieving pain, it is known as "Xiancao". 1972, Rabdosia rubescens was found by China Esophageal Cancer Research Center to have unique anti-esophageal cancer, cardiac cancer and primary liver cancer, and has been widely used in clinic since then.
Rabdosia rubescens is located in Taihang Mountain area of Hebi, and the local people "have it in every household". Suffering from toothache and sore throat, take it in water for three times. There is a folk saying that "drink a bowl of wheatgrass every day to prevent wrinkles, freckle and beauty, clear your throat and make it sweet, drive away the disease and keep your body and mind safe".
Adapt to the crowd
Young and middle-aged men: Smoking is the main factor leading to pharyngitis in young and middle-aged men.
Female: The symptoms of pharyngitis are caused by the rising of deficiency fire, and it is easy to lose temper.
Old people and children: acute and chronic tonsillitis caused by poor resistance and bacterial invasion, accompanied by fever and cold symptoms.
Anticancer function
The anti-tumor effect of Rabdosia rubescens is mainly used in the prevention and treatment of esophageal cancer. But few locals suffer from this disease for a long time. Transplanted swollen cancers in experimental animals, such as Ehrlich ascites carcinoma, liver cancer, reticular cell sarcoma, etc. , has an inhibitory effect; It can prevent the proliferation and canceration of rat esophageal epithelium caused by ammonium nitrite; Clinical experiments show that Rabdosia rubescens can obviously alleviate the symptoms of esophageal cancer, cardiac cancer, primary liver cancer and breast cancer, stabilize and shrink tumors, and prolong the life of patients. Combined with chemotherapy, it can reduce the adverse reactions of chemotherapy drugs and improve the curative effect, and also has a certain curative effect on severe esophageal epithelial hyperplasia. In addition, it has obvious curative effect on acute laryngitis and acute suppurative tonsillitis, and also has good curative effect on chronic bronchitis and chronic pharyngitis.
Excellent anticancer effect: Rabdosia rubescens contains three main active ingredients, namely oridonin, ponicidin and rosmarinic acid, and its content is as high as five thousandths in Rabdosia rubescens, far higher than other medicinal plants. For example, the content of taxol in yew bark is only one thousandth.
Pharmaceutical experts in China generally believe that the antibacterial effect of Rabdosia rubescens is mainly related to rosmarinic acid, while the other two components-Rabdosia rubescens A and ponicidin have anticancer effects. Pharmacology of components: The chemical components in Rabdosia rubescens are very complex, including monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, diterpenes and triterpenes. Five diterpenoids were isolated from the ether extract of Rabdosia rubescens leaves, namely Rabdosia rubescens A, B, C, D and E. Nine components were identified from the leaves and essential oil of Rabdosia rubescens.
Rabdosia rubescens decoction and ethanol can effectively inhibit hemolytic streptococci A and B, Staphylococcus aureus and so on. , thus improving the body's resistance and rapidly reducing the increase of white blood cells caused by inflammation. Rabdosia rubescens combined with chemotherapy and other anticancer drugs has obvious synergistic effect, which is beyond the reach of general anticancer drugs.
In vivo experiments show that intraperitoneal injection of oridonin 10mg/kg has obvious anti-tumor effect on Ehrlich ascites carcinoma, liver cancer and sarcoma S 180 ascites type, and the average survival time of animals is over 100%. It has obvious cytotoxicity to Ehrlich ascites tumor cells cultured in vitro. It was also found that after injection of oridonin in mice, the insoluble part of thymidine (DNA) injected into human tumor cells decreased, while the acid-soluble part of thymidine nucleus increased, especially thymidine triphosphate, which indicated that oridonin might block the polymerization of deoxynucleotide substrates to form DNA without affecting the phosphorylation of thymidine. The combination of rubescensin A and bleomycin A5 can obviously inhibit the DNA synthesis of P388 leukemia and Ehrlich ascites cancer cells in vivo and in vitro, and the inhibition effect on tumor DNA synthesis is stronger than that of bone marrow cells. If oridonin, bleomycin A5 and tumoricidal mustard are used in combination, the life extension rate of transplanted tumor mice, the proliferation inhibition of sarcoma 180 cells in vivo and the killing effect of Ehrlich ascites cancer cells in vitro are the best.
Due to the change of living habits and the aggravation of environmental pollution, the incidence of cancer in the world is rising. Since the 1970s, the incidence of cancer in China has increased by more than 1 fold, and the development of new anticancer drugs has become an important topic in the medical field at home and abroad. Among the about $48 billion anticancer drugs in the world, plant-derived anticancer drugs account for about 40%. In short, compared with chemically synthesized anticancer drugs, the toxic and side effects of plant anticancer drugs are generally much smaller than those of chemically synthesized anticancer drugs, and plant drugs have now become an important source of new anticancer drugs.
Animal experiments have proved that Rabdosia rubescens is effective for many tumor diseases, and its tumor inhibition rate for pulmonary vein cancer, lung squamous cell carcinoma, esophageal cancer, Ehrlich ascites cancer, liver cancer and other common tumors is as high as 465,438 0%, which is much higher than other plant anticancer drugs, especially for esophageal cancer and gastric adenocarcinoma, which are highly prevalent in northern China. What is more gratifying is that if Rabdosia rubescens is combined with existing chemotherapy drugs, it can not only greatly improve the anti-tumor effect of the latter, but also reduce its dosage and side effects. Chinese scholars believe that Rabdosia rubescens can be used together with Pingyangmycin, Bleomycin, Cisplatin, Nitrogen Mustard and other commonly used chemotherapy drugs, showing a good synergistic effect. More importantly, pharmacological studies show that Rabdosia rubescens preparation will not inhibit bone marrow after oral administration, nor will it affect the synthesis of RNA and protein. It is similar to paclitaxel in this respect.
Rabdosia rubescens, as a special Chinese herbal medicine for the treatment of esophageal and cardiac cancer, has been recognized by the medical community in China. The general view of domestic Chinese medicine experts is that Rabdosia rubescens and its preparations are even better than conventional chemotherapy drugs in treating the above digestive tract tumors. In short, in terms of the excellent curative effect of Rabdosia rubescens on digestive tract tumors, other anticancer Chinese herbal medicines are difficult to "match".
(1) The decoction, ethanol and Rabdosia rubescens A and B contained in this product have inhibitory effects on Ehrlich ascites cancer, sarcoma 180 and other tumors in animal experiments, and Rabdosia rubescens preparation has obvious cytotoxic effects on Hela cells and esophageal cancer cells CaEs- 17. Rabdosia rubescens A can inhibit the synthesis of DNA and protein in tumor cells.
(2) Rabdosia rubescens has obvious inhibitory or killing effects on various tumor cells.
(3) Anti-tumor principle: There are different opinions on the anti-tumor principle of Rabdosia rubescens A, but the unified view is that it is a kind of cytotoxicity.
(4) Structure-activity relationship of anti-tumor: Oridonin is a diterpenoid compound, belonging to kaurene structure. It has been found that it has an anticancer active center similar to that of myomycin -a- methylene cyclopentanone.
Excerpted from the national compilation of Chinese herbal medicines. Transplanting time because Rabdosia rubescens leaves are earlier, seedlings should be transplanted earlier rather than later; Therefore, the most suitable cultivation time of Rabdosia rubescens is early spring and February in southern North China.
Selection and treatment of seedlings In the nursery, strong seedlings are selected according to the development of root system. Generally, 2 ~ 3 plants can be planted in each pier of 1 annual Rabdosia rubescens, and 1 ~ 2 plants can be planted in each pier of 2-year Rabdosia rubescens. Try not to damage the roots, skins and buds of seedlings when raising seedlings. It is forbidden to pull out seedlings by hand. In order to improve the survival rate, on the one hand, seedlings should be transplanted at the same time, and as much soil as possible; On the other hand, if the planting point is far away from the nursery, the dug seedlings should be placed in a cool and humid place, or the soil at the roots of the seedlings should be shaken off, and an appropriate amount of water should be sprayed on the roots, then the roots should be wrapped with plastic film, tied with nylon ropes and transported at low temperature; Seedlings that can't be planted that day should be stuffed in seedbeds to prevent dehydration.
Transplanting method: Apply a proper amount of manure into the hole, and then cover it with a thin layer of soil to prevent the roots from directly contacting the fertilizer; In order to make the roots in close contact with the soil, the roots should be dipped in mud, and the mud should be thin to prevent the roots from sticking. Put the seedlings in the center of the hole and stretch their roots, that is, deeply plant them and lift them in layers. The planting depth should be that the roots of seedlings are flush with the ground after the soil is solid, and finally a layer of soil is covered to make the base soil slightly higher than the ground, which is beneficial to moisture conservation.
Transplanting density The transplanting density of Rabdosia rubescens depends on the terrain, soil and other conditions and different cultivation purposes. For harvesting leaves, the plant spacing is 0.4× 0.6m; ; If the site conditions are poor, the plant spacing is 0.4×0.4m；; ; Taking seed utilization as the main purpose, the plant spacing is 0.4×0.8m；; ; The plant spacing between forest and medicine intercropping is about 0.6m m. Check seedlings and replant: replant seedlings of the same age in April-May.
2. Intertillage weeding: strengthen intertillage weeding, remove weeds in the field and loosen the soil.
3. Fertilizer and water management: June-August every year is the most vigorous growth period of Rabdosia rubescens before flowering, and it is also the key period for Rabdosia rubescens to need water. Irrigation should be appropriate, but attention should be paid to prevent too much water; In rainy season or low-lying areas prone to waterlogging, ditch drainage and drainage should be done in time. In order to harvest seeds, because the development of seeds needs a lot of nutrition, in the early stage of reproduction, fertilization should be appropriate according to the growth and development, and nitrogen and phosphorus should be combined.
4. Plant tending: Rabdosia rubescens root system grows rapidly, with strong germination ability and gradually increasing density. In the third year, due to the dense root system, the root growth point began to decline, which affected the biological yield of Rabdosia rubescens. Generally, every other plant should be dug up in the early spring of the fourth year, or all the roots should be dug up before planting and rejuvenating with new soil. The newly-built Rabdosia rubescens Garden should strengthen nursing and set up protective belts to prevent cattle and sheep from trampling and blind picking. Pest control: Rabdosia rubescens generally has no serious pests and diseases, but after long-term drought, there are more aphids on the leaves, which affects the yield and quality of the leaves. Attention should be paid to timely irrigation in production. If pests and diseases are found, they should be killed manually or picked and burned in time. It is not advisable to treat them with chemicals to prevent pollution.
A rapid propagation method of Rabdosia rubescens seedlings relates to a rapid propagation method of high-quality seedlings for artificial planting of wild Chinese medicinal material Rabdosia rubescens. The method comprises the following steps: cutting robust branches of Rabdosia rubescens into cuttings with the length of 10- 15cm, leaving 2-3 bud nodes for each cuttings, leaving 2-3 square centimeters of leaves on the cuttings, preparing a mixed rooting treatment solution of naphthylacetic acid and indolebutyric acid, soaking the cuttings in the rooting treatment solution, and then inserting the cuttings into sandy loam soil with a shading degree of about 0.4. The rooting treatment solution used in the invention is a mixed solution of naphthylacetic acid and indolebutyric acid, which can effectively improve the survival rate of cutting seedlings; Choosing Camellia oleifera forest or other sandy loam under forest with shading degree of about 0.4 as cutting bed has low cost, less diseases and insect pests, and the survival rate of cutting seedlings can reach over 90%. The rapid propagation method of Rabdosia rubescens seedlings is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1. Cut the branches of Rabdosia rubescens with vigorous growth and no diseases and insect pests into cuttings of 10- 15 cm, leaving 2-3 bud nodes per ear, horizontally cutting off the upper part from the first bud 1 cm, and leaving 2-3 square cm leaves on the cuttings;
2. Preparing a rooting treatment solution, and soaking the cuttings in the rooting treatment solution for 20-50 minutes, wherein the rooting treatment solution is a mixed solution containing 20-50 mg of naphthylacetic acid and 20-50 mg of indolebutyric acid in 1000ml of treatment solution;
3. Selecting Camellia oleifera forest or other sandy loam under the forest with a shading degree of about 0.4 as a cutting bed, and cutting Rabdosia rubescens into the cutting bed with a cutting depth of 6-7 cm;
4. Spray water to keep the soil moist;
5. When the living Rabdosia rubescens cuttings begin to grow and two new leaves grow from the bud nodes, they can be transplanted. Collect seeds from September to 65438+ 10, collect seeds at the peak of fruit ripening, purify the seeds with a sieve of 0.5 ~ 5 mm, dry them in a ventilated place (exposure to the sun is strictly prohibited to avoid affecting the germination rate), bag them and store them in a cool and dry place. Seed treatment Rabdosia rubescens seeds are small nuts, and the seeds are covered with wax, so it is difficult to reproduce naturally. In order to improve the germination rate and early emergence of seeds, it is best to treat seeds before sowing. There are two treatments:
(1) Soak the seeds in warm water: soak the purified seeds in warm water at 45℃ for 24 hours, and then sow, so that the germination rate of the seeds reaches 90% and the emergence string reaches 50%;
②ABT rooting powder treatment: soak seeds in 0.0 1% ABT rooting powder solution for 2 hours, and then sow. The germination rate of seeds can reach 95%, and the germination rate is slightly higher than that of warm water soaking treatment.
It is advisable to choose loam with sunny terrain, loose and fertile soil, convenient irrigation and drainage, good air permeability, no hardening, pH 6.5 ~ 8.0 and rich humus. Deep tillage and fine harrow before sowing can ripen topsoil, loosen soil, improve soil physical and chemical properties, increase soil water-holding capacity, improve soil water-holding capacity, and eliminate pathogens and insect sources in soil. Deeply plough 20 ~ 40 cm, make a flat bed, water and irrigate, and apply sufficient fertilizer.
Sowing date and method Winter sowing 1 1 month, the emergence rate is higher than spring sowing 12%. Spring sowing is in March. When sowing, the ditching depth is 2cm, the row spacing is 20cm, and the seeds are mixed with fine sand, plant ash and rice chaff. And then sowing, covering soil 1.5cm, and the suitable sowing amount is 7.5 ~ 10 kg/ha. Because the soil cover is shallow after sowing and the soil surface is easy to dry, it should be covered with rice bran or humus. Pay attention to proper watering in early spring drought to keep the surface moist.
Seedling management In the case of scorching sun or drought, seedlings are easy to be burned, and grass mulching between rows can protect seedlings from the sun. In case of high temperature and drought, water it in time, and drain it in time if there is too much rain. In order to make the seedlings grow vigorously, weeding and intertillage should be done frequently. Combined with intertillage, appropriate fertilization and plant spacing are carried out according to the growth status of seedlings, and the plant spacing is 5 ~ 8cm；; If you find that there is a shortage of seedlings, you can replant them on cloudy days. Collection and treatment of cuttings Collect the disease-free stems or branches of wild Rabdosia rubescens, cut the middle and lower parts into cuttings with the length of 10 ~ 15 cm, leaving 2 ~ 3 bud nodes per ear and 2 ~ 3 leaves in the terminal bud, and cut off the upper parts at the distance of 1 bud 65438. After cutting, soak the cuttings in clear water for 2 hours, then soak the cuttings in 0.0 1% ABT rooting powder for 0.5 ~ 1 hour, and then take out the cuttings. Cutting method The seedbed should be made of sandy soil with good irrigation conditions and sheltered from the wind, and made into a seedbed with a width of 1 ~ 1.5m and a length of 5 ~ 10m. From July to August, the treated cuttings should be inserted into the soil with 3.5cm plants, row spacing or plant spacing as the standard of non-overlapping leaves. In order to prevent the cuttings from being damaged or broken, it is best to insert a hole in the bed soil in advance, then insert the cuttings, and gently press them by hand to make the soil closely contact with the lower part of the cuttings. After transplanting, water and keep the soil moist. /kloc-takes root about 0/5 days, and the seedling rate reaches 85%. Cutting with sand bed in plastic greenhouse, putting sunshade net on the shed, laying pebbles at the bottom of the bed, laying bean stones, and laying clean river sand on it. From May to June, the treated cuttings should be inserted into the seedbed, and the plants and row spacing should make the leaves not crowded and overlapped after cutting. After cutting, keep the soil water content at about 5%, the air relative humidity in the greenhouse at 80% ~ 90%, and the temperature below 30℃. After 5 ~ 7 days, the cuttings began to take root and sprout, and when the buds grew two leaves, the greenhouse was removed.