It is strange that there is a book on the old man's desk in the master's room. But I also know that there are hidden gentlemen in the Qin Dynasty. Why not give it a try? Those who look at it and see its meaning are all saints and sages. The world does not look at it and thinks that the ghost has passed. And its meaning is not in the book. When Han died, the Qin side flourished and treated all the people in the world with a knife and saw. Peaceful coexistence, countless innocent people have been annihilated. Although they are educated and educated, it has nothing to do with it. The husband is too eager to enforce the law, and the front can't be made, so it is desirable. Ovary can't bear to be angry, but with the strength of a man, it's a blow. At this time, the ovaries will not die, and the cover will be in danger. Daughter's son won't die from a thief, which one? His body is lovely, but a thief is not enough to die. Ovary is the talent of the world, not for Yi Yin and Taigong, but for Jing Ke and Nie Zhengzhi, so as to be immortal, which is deeply cherished by the old people. Therefore, he is shy and deep-rooted, so that he can endure and then achieve great things, so he said, "I wish my son could teach."
When attacking Zheng, Zheng Bo showed no mercy. King Zhuang said, "If you can be a servant, you can trust your people." Give it up. Gou Jian was trapped in Huiji, but my concubine was in Wu, and she worked tirelessly for three years. The husband has the ambition to serve others, but he can't serve others. This is the strength of every man. The old man thinks that there is a surplus in the ovary, and he is worried about insufficient measurement, so he deeply breaks his youthful spirit and makes him endure small anger and make great plans. What is this? If you have life, you will meet between grass and fields, but your life will be served by servants and concubines. But don't blame those who are oily. This is what Qin Shihuang can't be surprised, and it is also what Ji Xiang can't be angry with.
The reason why Guanfu Gaozu won and Ji Xiang lost is between tolerable and intolerable. Ji Xiang couldn't stand it, but he ignored it with a victorious battle; Gaozu endured it, raised its whole front and cured its disadvantages, and this ovary taught it. Huaiyin was broken, and he wanted to be king. Gaozu was angry, as can be seen from the color between the lines. From this point of view, there is still a strong and unbearable spirit. Who is it except the ovaries?
Tai Shigong thinks that the ovary is large and magnificent, but it looks like a woman, so it is not ambitious. And the fool is the ovary for this reason!
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[Note] This book was accepted by the ovary: See Historical Records: Family of Hou Liu. Thinking of ghosts: Wang Chong's "On the Balance of Nature" is attractive and says: "Or: Sean traveled in Surabaya, and when he was given a squire's book, Gai Tianzuo and Han therefore ordered the holy stone to give people a ghost book." Ben and Yu: ancient warrior Meng Benhe. And it can be taken at the end: it means that when its power declines to the extreme, there will be opportunities to use it. Case: this sentence is written as "and it is unstoppable." Even missed the next wave of cultural exhibitions, Qin Shihuang proclaimed himself the emperor of the world, and it is reasonable for Sean to change his name and escape. Yi Yin and Taigong: Yi Yin, the founding hero of Shang Dynasty. Tai Gong, also known as Tai Gong Wang, was the founding hero of the Zhou Dynasty, Lu Shang. Jing Ke and Nie Zheng: Assassins in the Warring States Period. Jing Ke once assassinated the King of Qin (the first emperor) for Yan Taizi Dan, but he was not killed. Nie Zheng was tired of Yan Zhongzi's assassination of Han and was disfigured after the assassination. Fresh and shy: rude. Zheng Bo: Zheng Xianggong. The attack on Zheng cited in this article can be found in Twelve Years of Zuo Zhuan. Three sentences of "Gou Jian": According to the Historical Records of Gou Jian's Family, after the defeat of the State of Wu, Gou Jian, the King of Yue, took an official position in the State of Wu, invited himself as a minister and his wife as a concubine, and was released back to the State of Yue three years later. He tried hard to get revenge and finally wiped out the state of Wu. A few sentences in Dang Huaiyin: Biography of Hou Huaiyin in, Historical Records, published Han Xin Ping, and sent people to see Hanwang Liu Bang, seeking to make him a fake (temporary) ambassador of Qi. Liu Bang cursed Han Xin. Sean and Chen Ping secretly stepped on Liu Bangzu. They told me that the current situation is not good for South Korea, so they should be kind to Han Xin to avoid changes. Liu Bang suddenly woke up, changed his mind, sent Zhang Liangli Han Xin as the king of Qi, and called soldiers to attack Xiang Yu. At the end of the sentence "Taishigong", see "Historical Records Taishigong": stay in the Hou family.
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This argumentative essay is about Sean. It is one of the "advanced theories" put forward by the author in the sixth year of Jiayou (106 1), and has been done before. Sean, the word ovary, assisted Liu Bang to destroy Qin, broke his neck, established the Han Dynasty, and was named Liu (now southeast of Pei County, Jiangsu Province). "Houlun" did not comprehensively comment on his life and achievements, but only explored the subjective root of his success-the extraordinary festival of "forbearance". This problem has been inhuman in the past, which is the author's original idea.
The first paragraph is an argument, putting forward the proposition of forbearance and forbearance. "In ancient times, the so-called hero must have extraordinary integrity" is a general statement, which includes all extraordinary integrity such as loyalty, courage and perseverance. The following is the deduction of the title of the post-theory, which is about the word "extraordinary" to the word "forbearance" To say "forbearance" also comes from the word "courage". It is pointed out that men's courage is not brave, but only "human feelings can't be ninja" and "sudden death is not surprising, no anger for no reason", that is to say, patience is brave; And it can last for a long time because of its great ambition and far-reaching ambition. On the surface, courage and forbearance seem to be opposite, but the author points out their unity, full of dialectics, and very alert and profound. This is the author's basic argument and the idea of the whole article. Although it is not mentioned here, it is actually for Sean. The following are concrete arguments in support of Sean.
In this article, Sean attacked the king of Qin, accepted the book, and persuaded Liu Bang to make Han Xin the king of Qi. These three things seem to have nothing to do with each other on the surface, but the author keenly sees the connection between them and puts forward his own unique views.
The second paragraph begins with the first two things. People treat books given by the elderly in isolation, so they take some fairy tales as facts. The author links this incident with Sean's attack on the king of Qin, and points out that he can't endure small anger and bravely avenge North Korea, which is related to the great patience needed to achieve great things. It is pointed out that this is a tentative observation of Sean's patience by hermits in Qin Dynasty, and its intention is not to give and receive books. It is pointed out that what the old man has done implies the truth that sages should guard against each other. The meanings of these layers are closely linked, mutually demonstrated and the structure is very close. Brush off the magic color of the book given by the old man, which is related to the basic argument, because if this is really supernatural behavior rather than human behavior, it can not be theorized as usual. The old man's intention of giving books is demonstrated from two aspects: Sean and the old man's behavior itself. In Sean's view, his attack on the king of Qin was a sign of "submit to humiliation". Jing Ke and this kind of assassination, in the heyday of the state of Qin, is tantamount to death in vain. Because the old man regretted his talent, he "tried it to the end", deliberately used arrogant and rude actions to "add it for no reason" and tried his best to destroy and insult him, so as to temper his character, "deeply break his youthful spirit" and make him "submit to humiliation". From the old man's point of view, his series of humiliating behaviors towards Sean were obviously not unintentional. When the old man deliberately walked up to Sean and ordered him to take the shoes away, Sean "wanted to hit" a meal, but his heart was still unbearable; It is "forbearance" to take shoes off the bridge because of old age. The old man didn't know, so he made a more insulting request: put on my shoes! Sean thought, since he took the shoes for the old man, he should put them on again. This degree of "tolerance" has taken another step, but the elderly have to look at it again. He walked away with a smile and saw Sean just looking at him, and there was nothing unusual. Then he came back and said to Sean, "You can teach me!" This shows the intention of trying. Tai Shigong's pen and ink are also vivid: I want to hit, I want to endure, I want to take shoes because of my shoes, and I am extremely frightened because of my eyes by Sean. A series of psychological descriptions with actions depict the deepening process of the word "forbearance". Later, he was angered many times because he was still late because of "Pingming" and "Cockcrow". Finally, he went in the middle of the night and was recognized by the old man, thus completing the training of "forbearance". This provides the author with materials as the theme of the argument. If the old man's original intention is to give books, give them; The reason why it is "deeply folded" is because "its meaning is not in the book." "And its intention is not in the book", but in making it (Sean) endure, the two are actually the same meaning. Jin Shengtan, a Qing Dynasty man, said, "This sentence (that is," the meaning is not in the book ") is also the first of an article." The general review also said: "This article is proud of the sentence" its meaning is not in the book "and has changed a lot, such as the empty space in Tao Qiu." ("Talented people in the world must read" Volume 14) Shen Deqian of A Qing Dynasty also said: "The word' its meaning is not in the book' was overthrown in the air. If the tide comes, Yinshan will rise. " ("Eight Masters of Tang and Song Dynasties", Volume 21) all pointed out that this sentence is the key to the whole idea.
In order to strengthen the persuasiveness, the third paragraph quotes history as evidence and restates the meaning of the previous paragraph. In this paper, firstly, Zheng Bo can endure without fighting to retreat from the enemy, and Gou Jian can endure and finally destroy Wu, so as to see the extreme importance of patience and explain why the old man should "try". It also summarizes the scene that the old man "deeply folded" Sean, which proves that his actions are indeed an inspection and test for Sean. The former is based on motivation, while the latter is based on facts. The purpose of the action is to "make him endure small anger and make great plans" (this sentence is based on the meaning of the Analects of Wei Linggong, that is, the so-called "sage is vigilant"). Later, the result was that Sean reached the state of "many dissenters should not be surprised and Ji Xiang should not be angry".
All the above are based on two things in Sean's early years. In the fourth paragraph, he gave an example of his later struggle with Ji Xiang in Liu Bang. Without this example, Sean's performance in the world can be regarded as accidental; With this example, the above argument will bear fruit and be implemented. The subtlety of this passage is that the author does not talk about it in isolation, but gives an example in connection with Liu Hexiang's struggle. In this paper, Liu Bang's success and failure are attributed to forbearance, Han Xin's pursuit of the reputation of the King of Qi and Liu Bang's forbearance are attributed to perfection, which not only shows the great significance of forbearance to Liu Xiang's career, but also shows the great role of being old in business, which greatly enhances the persuasiveness of the whole argument. The final conclusion is conjecture, which means that the appearance of ovary also shows the characteristics of tolerance, novel thinking, elegant style and endless aftertaste.
There are many reasons for Sean's success in his life, among which forbearance plays an important role, but it is undoubtedly meaningful. This article has been said over and over again, and its views are incisive and eloquent. Because it always revolves around a meaning, it can make the question thorough, and it can also make the article odd and positive, false and true, and endless changes. This paper discusses Sean's forbearance from the front, from the back, with historical quotations and contemporary figures as a foil, and finally touches it with Sima Qian's article, which makes the article interesting. The whole idea was originally about Sean's patience, but most of the space (the whole two or three paragraphs) was about his intolerance. It can be said that the whole structure is to prove his forbearance with his first intolerance, which is amazing. Amin writer Yang Shen wrote in "Three Models": "Dongpo's prose is like the Yangtze River, running for thousands of miles, with indescribable twists and turns, but it is particularly good at narrative. Liu Hou's argument is outstanding. " Wang said that "this time is intermittent, changeable and bold, and the music is the best for literati" (Volume 14 of Mao Kun's Song Dynasty Master Su Wenzhong's Official Document Banknotes), which can reveal the characteristics of this article. After reading the original text carefully, we will find that there is not a mediocre word or a straightforward word in the whole article, so it is regarded as a model by later scholars.