Why should concrete be cured?
After concrete pouring, if the weather is hot and the air is dry, the water in the concrete evaporates too quickly, which leads to dehydration, so that the cement particles that have formed gel can not be fully hydrated, can not be transformed into stable crystals, and lack sufficient cohesive force, thus causing the concrete surface to fall off in flake or powder. In addition, when concrete does not have enough strength, premature evaporation of water will also produce large shrinkage deformation and drying cracks. Therefore, the initial curing after concrete pouring is very important. Concrete should be cured immediately after final setting, and hard concrete should be cured immediately after pouring.
Maintenance method of concrete
Steam method
Steam curing of concrete can be divided into four stages: static stop, heating, constant temperature and cooling. Steam curing of concrete shall meet the following requirements respectively:
(1) During the static stop, the ambient temperature should be kept not lower than 5℃, and the temperature of concrete can only be raised after the pouring is completed for 4 ~ 6h.
(2) The heating rate should not be greater than 65438 00℃/h. ..
(3) At constant temperature, the internal temperature of concrete should not exceed 60℃, and the maximum temperature should not exceed 65℃. Constant temperature curing time should be determined by experiments according to the demoulding strength requirements of components, concrete mixture ratio and environmental conditions.
(4) The cooling rate should not be greater than 65438 00℃/h. ..
Box beam steam method
After concrete pouring, the beam body is sealed with a curing cover, and steam is input to control the humidity and temperature around the beam body.
When the temperature is low, input steam to raise the temperature, and after the initial setting of concrete, the bridge deck and the box are stored with water to keep moisture. The heating rate shall not exceed10℃/h; The constant temperature shall not exceed 45℃, the concrete core temperature shall not exceed 60℃, and the individual maximum temperature shall not exceed 65℃. When cooling, the cooling speed shall not exceed10℃/h; When the temperature decreases to a point where the difference between the beam temperature and the ambient temperature does not exceed 15℃, remove the curing cover. The cooling of box girder cavity is slow, so ventilation measures can be taken appropriately. The temperature of all parts in the hood is consistent, and the temperature difference is not more than 65438 00℃.
During steam curing, the temperature should be measured regularly and recorded. The pressure thermometer is arranged in the inner box span, 4m near the beam end and outside the side formwork. Measure the temperature every 2 hours at constant temperature, and every 1 hour at temperature rise and fall to prevent concrete cracks.
After steam curing, water must be sprayed immediately for curing, and the time shall not be less than 7 days. For concrete poured in winter construction, covering curing should be adopted. When the average temperature is lower than 5℃, it should be maintained according to the winter construction method, and the box girder surface should be cured by spraying curing agent.
Nature protection
During the curing period of formwork concrete, measures such as formwork wrapping, watering and sprinkling should be taken to keep moisture and moisture, so as to ensure that formwork joints are not dehydrated and dry. In order to ensure the smooth form removal, the formwork can be loosened slightly after 24 ~ 48h of concrete pouring, and water conservation can be continued until the form removal, and then the moisture can be kept to the specified age.
After the concrete surface protective layer is removed or the formwork is removed, measures such as storing water, watering or covering with water should be taken to wet cure the concrete. When the concrete surface is wet, bare concrete can be quickly covered or wrapped with linen, straw curtains and other materials, and then wrapped with plastic sheets or canvas with linen, straw curtains and other moisturizing materials. When painting, the coatings should be intact and completely overlapped with each other, and there should be condensed water droplets on the inner surface. Conditional areas should try to extend the concrete coating and moisture curing time.
Health-preserving liquid method
Spray film curing liquid is suitable for special-shaped or large-area concrete structures that are not easy to spray curing. In this method, the solution of perchloroethylene resin is sprayed on the concrete surface with a spray gun, and a plastic film is formed on the concrete surface after the solution volatilizes, so that the concrete is isolated from the air, the water in it is prevented from evaporating, and the normal hydration is ensured. Some films will age and fall off after curing, otherwise they are not suitable for spraying on the concrete surface to be painted in the future. In summer, the film should be protected from the sun after forming, otherwise it will crack easily. When curing concrete with spraying curing liquid, no leakage shall be ensured.
Gray curing agent or transparent material is usually used to cure the long-term exposed concrete surface. The color of gray curing agent is close to the color of concrete, and it can also paint and add color to the surface. By the end of weathering, its appearance is much better than that of white curing agent. Transparent curing agent is a kind of transparent material, which can't paint concrete, but can only keep its original appearance.
Conclusion: Through the above introduction, I believe everyone has a certain understanding of the reasons and methods of concrete maintenance. Concrete is almost everywhere in our life. No matter where we work or study and live, it is made of concrete, so the service life and safety of concrete are very important and related to our lives. I hope that through the introduction of photos, we can help you understand why concrete needs to be cured and how to cure it.
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