This is a very interesting debate in a military forum in Super Base Camp: America and Eurasia are almost the same size, why are civilizations so far apart? I was thinking the same question when I reprinted it? How did humans enter the American continent in those days? How did humans enter the Australian mainland in those days? I'm not talking about whites, I'm talking about aborigines, Indians and Maori ... This question is the beginning, and I want to expand it to other questions through this debate: What are the similarities and differences in nature between Spanish-Portuguese colonization in Latin America and later British-French colonization? There is indeed a question, that is, why the colonies left by the British generally developed into prosperous areas, especially the United States and Canada, while the original Spanish and Portuguese colonies were basically backward areas, such as Latin American countries. Let me talk about my opinion first: I think this view is a bit nonsense: there are no British and French colonies in modern Africa? The Middle East is not a British colony? Why didn't Africa develop? Why are there so many backward countries in the Middle East? In addition, there are other theories, that is, why did Spain and Portugal establish their colonies mainly in Latin America, not North America? Is it the United States and Canada today? There is another question to discuss, that is, why didn't modern science come into being in ancient China ... Sun Cannon watched the Columbus voyage of CCTV-6 on Sunday, and remembered that he had always wondered: America and Eurasia are almost the same area, why are civilizations so far apart? The prosperity and development of eastern and western civilizations in Eurasia largely depends on the technical exchange and expansion between different civilizations. In the case of inconvenient maritime traffic in ancient times, it was very inconvenient to communicate with advanced civilizations in America and Eurasia. Although Native Americans have made unique achievements in some aspects, their development in many aspects has to be in a stagnant primitive state because they can't communicate with advanced civilizations in other continents. Finally, when the western colonists set foot on the American continent, the native Americans could only be driven away helplessly. Looking at this book in the mirror-Guns, germs and steel hejzhb exported the origin of ancient human civilization and the "two rivers" in the Middle East to the surrounding areas according to the theory of "one source of civilization", forming "Egypt", "Crete" and "India". Finally, Wan Li came to "China" not far away. Five ancient civilizations have come together. America, Oceania and Africa, which are almost isolated from the world, are similar to flowers that are not pollinated. Wait until the Renaissance. Kutu, I think you're missing the point. On the other hand, why can Eurasia produce civilization alone without relying on "communication" with the American continent? Why didn't the American continent produce its own civilization? Hejzhbkutoo, representing ancient civilization, is a technology. After its birth, it can only spread in Eurasia. For thousands of years, America, Africa and Australia have failed to study it independently (blogger's comment: What is it? Let's not look back, let's guess. It is still a question whether it is convenient to communicate between civilizations. Relatively convenient transportation is conducive to the spread and exchange of civilizations, and frequent exchanges and collisions between different civilizations can create more civilizations. We can see that there are many small countries between China and India, which are influenced by two different civilizations. Frequent exchanges between civilizations have created more colorful civilizations, and different civilizations have different technologies and customs, thus further communicating with other civilizations. In fact, I think that the achievements of civilization in the American continent have been destroyed too much, all because of the destruction of evil colonists! At the same time, I would like to ask where there is an electronic version of Guns, Germs and Steel. Who made the earliest human beings appear in Africa, and Africa and Europe and Asia were connected with a paradise storm? According to the book Guns, Germs and Steel, there are too few domesticated animals and plants in America compared with Eurasia, so it is difficult to develop a civilization of settled agriculture. Moreover, the latitude span of the American continent is relatively large and the longitude span is relatively small. Animals and plants domesticated in one place are difficult to transplant to different latitudes (because of different climate), so it is difficult to share the development achievements in one place in other places. However, Eurasia has a long longitude span, and domesticated animals and plants in one place can easily spread to other places to share, so the foundation for the development of civilization will be much broader. The yen has fallen. Basically, I was confused a long time ago. Later, it was analyzed that the main reason was that the topography and products of the American continent were relatively simple, and the complex "quantity" of variation was insufficient, so it did not appear. Eurasia is much more complicated, and close to the African continent, it is easy to form many points of different civilizations, so the exchanges and competition between them have developed by leaps and bounds. Sun Yan, China, most of the American continent is really not suitable for the weather of ancient human habitation. For example, most parts of Canada are extremely cold, and a large part of Brazil has a tropical rain forest climate. I don't know if some parts of the western United States and South America are as dry and short of water as they are now. I haven't checked it carefully. If the ancient environment is similar to the present, I think the usable area of the American continent is mainly smaller than that of Asia and Europe. Qi Long Oriental remembers that in the first issue of "Assault", I mentioned the reason why there is a gap in civilization between Indian aborigines and western countries. They have no smelting technology, and the most powerful weapon they use is the solar cannon, a weapon made of riprap and ore. Ok, let's take a look at this information. The western hemisphere consists of two parts, one is North America and the other is South America. Together, the total area is 5 1.66 million square kilometers, while the total area of Asia and Europe is 4989. The advantages of the Western Hemisphere surpass those of Europe and Asia in a purely geographical sense. In addition, its population is relatively small, and its per capita land area far exceeds that of Europe and Asia. In addition, the quality of land has surpassed that of Europe and Asia. There are large areas of deserts in Asia, such as Arabian Peninsula Desert, Iranian Desert and Uzbek Desert in West and Central Asia. Desert in Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia and Ningxia in China. In the United States, only New Mexico and Nevada in the United States have a little desert, and others are farmland or forests that are very suitable for farming. The United States is a paradise for aquaculture and cultivation, with a large amount of arable land and available land, but there are few arid areas like Gobi in Asia. The per capita arable land in the western hemisphere far exceeds that in the eastern hemisphere. In addition, from the perspective of resources, the advantages of the western hemisphere are also obvious. The western hemisphere has several advantages: first, it is the hometown of high-yield crops. The weather and place there are especially suitable for health preservation. It has some crops with high yield and high quality, such as corn and sweet potato. Only by introducing these two crops can the nutritional problem of China population be solved since this century. In fact, during the Kangxi, Yongzheng and Qianlong periods around 1700, sweet potatoes had already entered China, and the large-scale popularization of corn promoted the increase of population. Apart from the improvement of rice varieties in China, it is almost impossible to feed the population without these American crops in the northern arid areas. In addition, there are peppers, high-quality cotton, tomatoes, tobacco, coffee, cocoa and American sucrose in the United States. In the past, sugar in Europe was mainly beet sugar, with low yield, low sweetness and poor taste. Later, it was found that the high temperature and high humidity environment in the Caribbean islands of America was particularly suitable for planting sugarcane, and sucrose was the main product of the Caribbean islands since then. In addition to these crops endemic to America, the modern United States also introduced many crops from the Eastern Hemisphere. The output of these crops in the Western Hemisphere exceeded that in the Eastern Hemisphere, such as soybeans, which were mainly distributed in Brazil and the United States. Beef, using pasture and corn feed to raise beef cattle in pampas grassland. In addition, tropical fruits did not form a large scale in the Eastern Hemisphere, but mainly formed a large commercial scale in the Western Hemisphere, such as bananas and oranges. In recent years, they have been talking about occupying the Eurasian market. Planting and aquaculture in the western hemisphere are commercialized, and its commodity rate is much higher than that in the eastern hemisphere. In addition, the western hemisphere also has advantages in mining. For example, monetary metal silver, according to Keynes's theory: people have the motivation to pursue enjoyment, and enjoyment is subject to the supply of money. He believes that the ancient Persian Empire accumulated some gold coins as a source of wealth for the country's prosperity. Alexander the Great plundered these treasures during the Eastern Expedition and distributed them evenly along the Mediterranean coast. Only in this way, the Romans had great motivation to pursue wealth, and the Roman Empire prospered in commerce, trade and economy. In any sense, the silver of America and Mexico, the gold of Aztec and Inca Empire are similar to the meaning of Persian wealth to the Roman Empire. Persian wealth played an almost irreplaceable role in the rise and industrialization of the European Empire. Early silver mines in America, later copper mines in Chile, saltpeter for explosives and fertilizers, iron mines in the Great Lakes of North America, and iron mines in Brazil were all developed, enriching the mineral resources of the Americas. In addition, oil around the Gulf of Mexico along the continental shelf of the United States and Mexico; Oil from Lake Maracaibo, Venezuela, South America; Refinery facilities along the coast of Trinidad and Tobago, which is the advantage of American mineral sources. In addition, Canada's advantages in non-ferrous metals such as nickel, chromium and manganese are among the best in the world, and resources such as asbestos, sodium, molybdenum, copper, iron ore, potassium, gypsum, silver, cadmium, cobalt and platinum are extremely rich. When the Sun Yan civilization in China first originated, the two river basins were not deserts, and the formation of deserts there was the result of the interaction between human agricultural behavior and natural climate. Solar cannon represents a technology of ancient civilization, which can only spread in Eurasia after its birth. For thousands of years, the United States, Africa and Australia have failed to study it independently-what technology is amazing? China Sun Yan is talking about metallurgy, isn't he? (Blogger comments:-Yes! It's metal smelting. Sun Cannon looked at the high-yield crop corn introduced from America in the Ming Dynasty: Yumai, Yumai and Xifan wheat were also called in the literature of the Ming Dynasty, which originated in the narrow strip of the American continent from Mexico to Peru and Chile. 1494 When Columbus returned from America, he presented the ear of corn as a treasure to the king of Spain. Corn began to be introduced into Europe and then spread all over the world. It was introduced to China in the 0/6th century A.D./KLOC, and was planted in mountainous areas at first. By the end of Ming Dynasty, it was planted in Fujian, Zhejiang, Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi, Henan, Hebei, Shandong, Gansu and Shaanxi. Sweet potato: Sweet potato is also called "sweet potato", "sweet potato" and "sweet potato", which is divided into white, yellow and purple. The introduction of sweet potato improved the structure and recipes of crops in China and became one of the important foods to alleviate hunger in the old society. According to ancient books, in the famine years, "nine times out of ten villagers lived on potatoes." During the light years of the Qing Dynasty, Fuzhou people built a "potato pavilion" in Wushishan to commemorate this successful introduction. In memory of Chen Zhenlong, people praised him as the "father of sweet potato" in China, and the time when he brought Miao back to his hometown was also internationally designated as the time when sweet potato was introduced into China. Potato: 1573- 1620 was introduced into China. Because of its high yield and low maturity requirements, it has become the most widely planted crop in the world and solved the food problem of two-thirds of the world's population. Peanuts: also known as groundnuts, sweet beans, beans, longevity fruit, papaya, etc. , originated in South America. China is also one of the origins of peanuts, but it has never been regarded as an important oil crop. It was not until new varieties were introduced from the United States that it became the main oil crop in many areas of China. Sunflower: Also known as sunrise flower, it originated in America and was introduced to China from Southeast Asia in the17th century. It is called "Xifankui" and "Zhang Ju". This plant was known in the pre-Qin period in China, and the ancients also ate sunflower seeds, but it didn't become an important oil crop until the introduction of new American varieties in the Ming Dynasty. Che's book Guns, Germs and Steel also puts forward a reason: Humans in the American continent entered the Stone Age too late, thousands of years later than the old continent. Fengxiang looked at the social development pattern, daily labor tools and weapons of North American Indians, and was still in the hunting state. The social development level of Xia dynasty was higher than that of him, and even big cities did not appear. On the contrary, the ancient Inca civilization appeared in South America, but it was completely wiped out by several Portuguese people. This civilization is too fragile for East Indians to unite. At that time, the number of adventure groups in Spain and Portugal was small, but they got the help of local Indian tribes and destroyed those powerful Indian empires. Dream back to the Qin and Han dynasties, how can we not demand Indians. How can we unite the people when there was no national consciousness and concept in social development at that time? The complicated climatic and geographical conditions of the yen's decline have complicated the brains of non-primitive people in Europe and Asia first. Xue Shuai's Xanadu is like this. I wonder if there were any Han Chinese in Wei and Jin Dynasties. People are comfortable in heaven and naturally don't want to make progress. Is Africa or the cradle of mankind? Someone said in front of the warriors of Daqin that the first thing in America is that there are fewer species (because there are fewer species than in Europe, Asia and Africa), and there are fewer animals and plants for human domestication; The second is that the north and south are long and the east and west are narrow, and the climatic zone basically extends along the east and west direction, so it is difficult for domesticated animals and plants to spread, so that large-scale agricultural areas cannot appear, and it is impossible to communicate and accumulate civilized achievements on a large scale. After tens of thousands of years, the gap will be big. Hejzhb: Yes! It is only 10,000 years since mankind entered America, and the farming culture is even shorter. Belldandygod has no development without competition.