196110 In October, Eisenhower, who was about to step down as president of the United States, delivered a farewell speech at the White House, expressing his pride in the United States as usual. Say that finish, he turned his back and said, let future generations wake up:

"The combination of a huge army and a large-scale military industry is unprecedented in the United States. Every city, every state capitol and every federal government agency can feel its full impact. We admit that this development is absolutely necessary, but we should not ignore its great influence. It involves our manpower, resources, life and even the structure of our society. "

"In all government departments, we must be alert to the influence that the military-industrial complex cannot prove its legitimacy, whether it pursues it in this way or not. The possibility of vicious growth with extremely inappropriate power already exists and will continue to exist. "

This is the first time that American officials have made clear the existence of the military-industrial complex.

America's military-industrial complex can be traced back to World War II.

194 1 1 In February, Japan attacked Pearl Harbor in the United States. President Roosevelt judged that the war had burned to the American mainland and the United States must participate in the world war.

1 month later, he ordered the establishment of a wartime production Committee to fully mobilize the American economy.

The wartime committee set up 12 regional offices and operated 120 offices all over the country. Its task is to guide enterprises to produce steel, aluminum, rubber and other materials needed for war, and to control material prices and workers' wages.

Office officials help enterprises apply for bank loans.

In fact, in the final analysis, the wartime production Committee is that the state pays and the enterprises contribute to jointly launch a foreign war. After the job is done, the country won the honorary status, the enterprise made profits, and everyone was happy.

During the four years when the United States entered the war, the government issued a military contract of 654.38+075 billion US dollars, and produced weapons such as airplanes, tanks, cannons and bullets, far exceeding the sum of the Axis countries. In particular, the number of naval vessels is 16 times that of Japan before the end of World War II.

It is no accident that American industrial production capacity ranks first in the world and becomes the biggest winner in World War II.

However, while the American production capacity exploded, almost all the huge military contracts were taken away by 100 big companies, among which General Motors got 8% of the total contract amount, equivalent to1400 million dollars.

Moreover, during World War II, in order to study new sophisticated weapons, the United States set up the National Defense Research Council and the Scientific Research and Development Bureau, which bound universities and the military, hired 65.438+0.99 million scientists, and allocated 654.38+0.5 billion dollars for scientific research every year.

Where the money is, the benefits are there.

After the huge contract nourishment of World War II, the American army, large enterprises and academia earned a lot of money.

This is also the basic disk of the military-industrial complex.

After the end of World War II, the United States immediately established NATO to participate in the Korean War, and the proportion of troops in the United States became larger and larger. Since then, US military spending has never been lower than $654.38+050 billion, which is the fertilizer for the continuous expansion of the military-industrial complex.

By 1957, the US Department of Defense alone had assets of160 billion US dollars, 32 million acres of land, employed 3.5 million people, and paid more than10 billion US dollars every year.

Rand Company serves the US Air Force, the integrated circuits produced by IBM are sold to the Pentagon, and ITT Company produces precision instruments for NASA.

You can imagine how much profits those enterprises have made, how many times the income of scientists, engineers and workers has increased, and how much their family living standards have improved.

Together, these people are enough to cover a considerable number of people in the United States.

Eisenhower shouted loudly that no matter how much money we spent on weapons systems, they would never be satisfied, and constantly demanded to continue to increase military spending.

Needless to say, this is just like the ancient landlords annexing land. Who can have a problem with money?

By the time Eisenhower stepped down in the 1960 s, the military-industrial complex and its branches had become the biggest beneficiaries of the United States' participation in World War II.

Of course, America's participation in World War II benefited more than that.

After World War II, the United States became a hegemonic country in the world, and for the first time, it was able to dominate the world's political economy. The US dollar naturally became an important settlement currency in the world.

Western European and Southeast Asian countries were devastated by World War II, and their military and political influence and economic production capacity were much worse than those of the United States.

So the United States, which has international influence and economic production capacity, stands out in the world.

Nearly half of the goods are produced in the United States, sold all over the world, and then sent back to the United States with cheap raw materials and profits, creating unprecedented wealth and prosperous domestic economy for the United States.

In just 15 years, the GDP of the United States soared from $200 billion to $500 billion, and the household income increased from $3,083 to $5,657. Almost 60% of American families have reached the middle class level, and even workers on assembly lines can drive around in cars.

America's glorious 1950s was basically the highest level that human beings could think of at that time.

It all came from World War II.

In other words, American enterprises, white-collar workers, engineers, workers and other groups, including the military-industrial complex, are all beneficiaries of American participation in World War II.

The American dream finally spread in America.

So a whole generation of Americans have formed a huge interest group.

Since it is an interest group, it is most afraid of change.

They follow the footsteps of the United States and enter the highlight moment of life, so they have to transfer the ladder of progress, weld the train doors, and keep themselves in a relatively advanced social class forever, and the latecomers will always eat the soil behind them.

In the 1950s, the military-industrial complex, the banking consortium, members of Congress and the middle class reached a tacit agreement to protect everything now and not make any changes.

So there was McCarthyism against productism, a rigid school curriculum, and a "silent generation" cultivated in a boring environment.

Although these things have no clear program documents, they are all inevitable by accident.

Because when a generation has the same demands, they will inevitably use their words and deeds to push the country to realize their demands.

In fact, not only the United States, but also the developed countries in western Europe that accepted the Marshall Plan are rushing along this road.

For example, in Britain, France and West Germany, while the economy is advancing by leaps and bounds, the bosses who have experienced World War II form a government to manage the daily affairs of the country.

From the point of view at that time, it was normal.

Why can't the people enter the government to govern the country when they have made meritorious deeds in the war years? Why can't war heroes retire early and elect some incompetent people to be in power?

But from another point of view, the European and American countries in the 1950s were actually authoritative governments of heroes of World War II, and they were countries composed of domestic vested interests.

2. American concerns

Under the prosperity of the United States, there is an undercurrent.

The developed countries in the world, including the United States, had completed national industrialization before World War II, but industrialization at that time was only the hardware of the country.

Machines can replace manpower in mass production, guns can replace bows and arrows in scientific and technological progress, and social organizations have changed from scattered rural life to concentrated urban life.

However, in terms of ideology and culture, the developed countries in the world have made little progress compared with those before the industrial revolution.

As big as the national level.

Britain and France have huge colonies that enslave people in backward countries. Germany actively expands its external space and wants to find a place for the German people in the sun.

Needless to say, the United States talks about democracy and freedom, but it has always wanted to crowd out other developed countries and dominate the rules of the world.

In the bones of these developed countries, it is still the nature of the law of the jungle, and the social Darwinism is very rich.

From the individual level, developed countries in Europe and America who believe in "social development" are bound by different degrees of racial discrimination and individual rights.

People's interests are a by-pass thing besides asset appreciation. If you really can't give others benefits, forget it.

In other words, after the United States and other developed countries complete the hardware industrialization, everything that does not conform to the systems, ideas, cultures and concepts of industrialized countries needs to be transformed to complete the software industrialization.

The economic base determines the superstructure. Now that the economic foundation has changed, the superstructure will also change.

How to transform?

I think we should break the feudal hierarchy in people's minds and give everyone equality and freedom at the same time, so that people are not afraid of officials, businessmen, warlords and capital.

In a word, the people are the masters of the country.

But now the authoritative government and the solidified society simply don't realize the seriousness of the problem, which is the first hidden worry of the United States.

Since the authoritative government is unwilling to do ideological and cultural transformation, it can only wait for young people to do it.

As we said before, after World War II, European and American countries restored peace, national economy progressed, and personal income kept increasing. Then people will have greater expectations for their future life and will inevitably want to have more children.

Therefore, European and American countries have ushered in a baby boom.

Take the United States as an example

In 1950s, the average marriage age of American women dropped from 22 to 20, and some high school girls even dropped out of school to get married.

In the following years, the fertility rate in the United States soared, almost equal to that in India. Quite a few families have more than three children.

The population of the United States soared from10.50 billion in 1950 to10.70 billion in early 1960, of which 40% were under10.7 years old. In other words, young people have become the mainstream population in the United States, and nearly half of the population are reckless teenagers.

Young people always look forward to the future, but young people in America find that the real world is completely different from the ideal world.

For example, the education they have received since childhood requires them to be obedient, diligent and honest, so they have accepted this set of moral preaching in their hearts.

However, the real world is that after the economic development, most Americans are not satisfied with hard work, and begin to feel warm and lustful, and try their best to spend money to improve their lives.

The United States has changed from a producer to a consumer.

Young people who work rarely save money like their parents, but choose to spend all their wages or even loans to buy cars, cigarettes, alcohol and clothes they want.

According to statistics, during the period of 1952- 1956, American debt increased from $27.4 billion to $42.5 billion, installment loans increased by 63%, and automobile sales data increased by 100%.

This is just four years' data, which doubled after 10.

Young Americans who grew up in consumer countries have never experienced the hardships of their parents, and they simply don't understand why their parents insist on traditional moral preaching. They just think, "You're behind the times."

In fact, where do they know that the moral preaching of the previous generation is their own life experience on the one hand, and they subconsciously want to weld the car door on the other.

When teenagers become the mainstream population in the United States and the real world is out of touch with ideals and morality, the United States will inevitably be torn into two completely different groups: middle-aged and elderly people and young people.

This is the second concern of the United States. But it doesn't matter. Sooner or later, young people will form their own knowledge to resist the moral preaching of the previous generation and the vested interest groups after World War II. So the baby boomers grew up in the 1960s, and all their actions were aimed at opposing feudalism, authority and freedom.

Young people's demands coincide with the historical process of the United States, so the 1960s appeared in Charge.

3. Youth movement

Black Americans were the first to rise up against it.

During World War II, millions of black Americans worked for the army and belonged to a group of people who had seen the world with their eyes open. They understood their situation and decided to change the social status of black people.

The economic prosperity in 1950s made many educated urban blacks become the middle class in the United States and become the leaders of local blacks.

These far-sighted blacks are no longer slaves in the plantation a hundred years ago.

195565438+In February, Rosa parks, a black woman, took a bus in Montgomery and refused to give up her seat to a white man. As a result, she was arrested by the police.

Black leaders are waiting for their chance. I didn't expect the American police to come to you. What are you waiting for? Come on. Therefore, black leaders organized blacks to resist the apartheid system of buses. Black people either go to work by bus or simply walk, which means they don't obey the apartheid system in the United States.

Due to the huge momentum of the black movement, the following year, the United States Supreme Court declared racial discrimination in public transportation illegal, and the black resistance movement came to an end. Martin Luther King, a priest who became famous all over the world in the future, also emerged in this resistance movement and rose to be a new generation of black leaders.

Of course, his achievements go far beyond being a black leader. After Eisenhower stepped down as president of the United States, John Kennedy was elected as the new president of the United States. This man is the youngest president in American history. He was only 45 when he was elected. He wants to establish a medical system in the United States, improve the housing conditions of the urban poor, and enact a civil rights bill. Whether it is personal charm or ruling philosophy, Kennedy meets the expectations of young Americans.

As a result, Kennedy's prestige among the people is high, and young people regard Kennedy as an idol, hoping that Kennedy can help them change the boring real world and realize their ideals.

In 1963, Kennedy denounced the "moral problems" faced by the United States because of the racial movement in Alabama: "If an American can't enjoy the full and free life we all pursue because of his dark skin, who among us is willing to change his skin color and experience his feelings?"

A few days later, Kennedy proposed a bill to ban segregation in public places and racial discrimination in employment. Kennedy won the hearts of black people with this action. In order to support Kennedy, Reverend King led 200,000 people to March in Washington and held the largest demonstration in American history in front of the Lincoln Memorial.

Pastor Jin stood on a high platform and delivered a famous speech "I have a dream". Black, white, Latino and other ethnic groups in the audience broke into deafening cheers.

Although his speech is an appeal for black freedom, the word "freedom" itself is the same appeal of black Americans and young whites. It doesn't matter what politics you say. More importantly, it represents the demands of more people at the right time.

Martin Luther King's speech in front of Lincoln Memorial made him break away from being a black leader and become a young idol like Kennedy.

Black anti-racial discrimination and white youth anti-authority, thus merging. John F. Kennedy and Martin Luther King have also become idols of the United States in the ruling and opposition. Therefore, when the black movement is surging, the white youth in the United States are also encouraged to stand up against the authoritative government, and their main position is the school.

Why school?

Because baby boomers are only about 20 years old at this time, and most of them are studying, the resistance movement of white youth is actually a student movement.

1964 students of the university of California, Berkeley, held political activities to raise money at the school gate and distributed political books on campus, which was explicitly prohibited by the school. The students are very angry. If you care about the sky and the land, how can you care about us putting up posters? I think you have been unhappy for a long time. Fight back. So the "freedom of speech movement" broke out at the University of California, Berkeley. Students occupied the administrative building of the school, and nearly 75% students went on strike. This incident was the beginning of the American student movement.

In the following years, the University of California at Berkeley never stopped. The campus once became a war zone between the police and the people, and there was an intra-school conflict similar to the struggle of the warfare, revolutionaries and royalists. The scene was in chaos. Moreover, the student movement in Berkeley soon spread to Harvard, Columbia and other universities, and young students in the United States were eager to move. The United States has become a powder keg, and it can start a prairie fire when it meets a single spark.

4. World 1968

The time has finally come 1968. In April of that year, Pastor King was assassinated, and in June, Robert Kennedy was assassinated. These two events were turning points in the American youth movement. Pastor Kim said American youth idol.

Robert Kennedy is the younger brother of President John F. Kennedy. After the assassination of President John F. Kennedy, he inherited his brother's political legacy and became a new idol of American youth. His political ideas tend to take care of the bottom blacks, Indians and poor whites. Moreover, since President Johnson decided to send troops to Vietnam, Robert Kennedy has always opposed sending troops to Vietnam, and at the same time opposed President Johnson to remain in power.

In the eyes of Americans, Robert Kennedy is more human than his brother. He feels that he will be president in the future and will surely realize the ideal world of American youth.

Why can opposing the Vietnam War win the support of American youth?

The main reason is that the United States sent troops to Vietnam and had to recruit soldiers, and the first batch of recruits were young people. If you resist the invaders, there is nothing to say. You must sign up for the army. But Vietnam did not invade the United States. Why did it go to Vietnam to fight? What does America want? Why should we go to Vietnam to die?

American youth can't figure it out. In particular, the TV showed pictures of American soldiers shooting prisoners in Saigon. When American youth see brains all over the floor, they can't sit still. It turns out that the US military is the reactionaries.

Oppressing young people at home and killing people in Vietnam, then what do I support you for?

On the surface, American youth don't want to die for an unjust war, and in fact they don't want to be cannon fodder for vested interests.

You weld the car door and eat meat at home, and send me to Vietnam to die for you. You look so ugly. The assassination of Robert Kennedy now shows that there is no hope of opposing the Vietnam War and reforming the country within the system.

The assassination of Reverend King showed that the vested interests even spared the black leaders, and the civil resistance forces were also facing a devastating blow.

Neither the ruling nor the opposition can realize the demands of American youth. They felt their dreams were disillusioned, and finally found that the biggest enemy was not the president, but the capitalist system. While the United States suppressed domestic resistance, the number of active US troops increased to 3.54 million, there were more than 2,000 military bases around the world, the number of people fighting in Vietnam exceeded 540,000, and the military budget increased year after year.

According to statistics, the military expenditure during the Vietnam War reached US$ 350 billion, which was even greater than that during World War II and the Korean War. The military-industrial complex fattened up in World War II, and it is conceivable how much money the military-industrial complex earned in the Vietnam War.

Shortly after the assassination of Reverend King, the largest student movement in the United States broke out at Columbia University in Berkeley. The cause of this incident was that left-wing students of Columbia University discovered the secret documents of the school's cooperation with the think tank of the Ministry of National Defense. Students believe that Columbia University was indirectly involved in the Vietnam War.

Students are anti-war and schools are at war, which is nothing.

Later, the school decided to build a gymnasium in a nearby park, where the blacks around can use the ground floor gymnasium for free, while the students of Columbia University can use the sports facilities on the upper floor.

Originally, it was nothing, but in the design of the school, the entrance and exit of the gymnasium facing the university was luxurious, but the entrance and exit facing the black community was small and narrow, which led the black community leaders to curse. This is a racist gymnasium. This time, Columbia University set off two thunders: young students and racial discrimination.

Left-wing students and blacks launched a resistance movement and occupied buildings such as the teaching building of Columbia University, while the new york police cleared the scene with armed forces, and a large-scale war broke out between the two sides. In the end, more than 700 people were arrested and 132 students and 12 policemen were injured.

In the same year, the war in Berkeley resumed, and campus demonstrations, riots and occupation of school buildings occurred every day. Beating, smashing, robbing and beating are the proper meanings in the title.

Columbia University and Berkeley are just the most famous events.

In the first six months of 1968, there were 22 1 student demonstrations in American universities. In addition to Columbia University and Berkeley, Harvard, Stanford, Duke, Princeton and other famous schools have participated.

The mountains and rivers in America are all red.

1968' s student movement is the total outbreak of social contradictions in the United States after World War II, and the United States is doomed to this robbery.

After World War II, the progress of science and technology made the telephone, television, newspapers and other media enter thousands of households, and countries around the world became more and more synchronized. In addition, baby boomers, economic growth and authoritative government are sexual problems in developed countries in the world, so the student movement and black movement in the United States echo those in other countries.

So at 1968, the whole world was hot and cold.

On June+10, 5438, alexander dubcek was elected as the first secretary of Czechoslovakia's * * * Production Party, and soon promoted "socialism with human touch", including restoring the reputation of the victims of the great cleansing, learning from Western European countries to introduce market economy and repairing diplomatic relations with European and American countries.

Dubcek's ruling idea was warmly welcomed by Czechoslovakian youth.

Seeing that Czechoslovakia was about to get out of control, a few months later, Soviet General Secretary Brezhnev decided to send 200,000 troops and 5,000 tanks to Prague to forcibly suppress the reform in Czechoslovakia.

This is the Prague Spring in the Soviet Union and Eastern European countries.

In April, Rudy Dutschke, the leader of West German students, was shot dead. West German students left angrily and went on strike in front of universities all over the country. Some more radical people later formed the Red Army Brigade and embarked on the road of armed struggle.

In May, French students went on strike, and the military and police suppressed them with tear gas. Therefore, students gathered at the Arc de Triomphe to sing "Internationale" and set up roadblocks and street battles between the French army and the police.

Influenced by French students, nearly 10 million French workers went on strike and marched.

Workers and students merged, and under the banner of "Farewell to Charles de Gaulle", they demanded that Charles de Gaulle, the hero of World War II, step down and reorganize the French government.

De Gaulle said: "Reform can be noisy, but it can't be noisy." Students and workers responded with cartoons: "He is the troublemaker."

De Gaulle was forced to flee Paris and found military support in baden-baden before he dared to return to Paris to make a tough speech, saying that he would not resign or change the prime minister. If this situation continues, he will take other measures.

The so-called other practices can only be suppressed by the army.

Later, Charles de Gaulle used trade unions to disintegrate workers and military police to suppress students, and the vigorous French "May Storm" came to an end.

In June, Italian workers occupied the factory, and students in Milan and Rome went on strike. Italians who have always been lazy also had a hot summer this year.

The student workers in Mexico were dissatisfied with the ruling Revolutionary Institutional Party and organized a national strike committee, demanding that the government carry out social and educational reforms.

In June 5438+10, British students protested the Vietnam War in front of the American Embassy, Liverpool workers went on strike, and the civil rights movement broke out in Northern Ireland. An article in The Times said that Britain was on the eve of unrest.

It is hard to say that the same thing that broke out in the same year was accidental, let alone instructed by a certain country.

If you have to label a country, it must be the Soviet Union.

The revolutionary unrest in 1968 was actually a problem of that era.

The industrial countries led by the United States should be anti-feudal, the baby boomers should be anti-authoritative, the third world countries should be anti-colonial, and ethnic minorities should be anti-oppression.

These things are like a trickle and finally converge into a big river at 1968.

Great rivers have been dyed red with blood 1968, and have also washed away the solid world wall.

5. The mission of youth

At the end of the 20th century, the world fell into the cold war.

Whether following the Eastern Group of the Soviet Union or following the capitalist camp of the United States, there are young people who are dissatisfied with the status quo.

Young people in both camps want to change the status quo, so they can only learn from the other camp. However, due to the limitation of geographical and information differences, the process of learning from each other's camp is bound to be biased.

In other words, they see the shortcomings of their own camp, but they don't see the shortcomings of the other camp, and they see the advantages of the other camp, but they ignore the advantages of their own camp.

Therefore, when young people in different countries change the status quo, they often have a blind impulse, thinking that each other's things must be good, just as China people blindly worshipped the United States in the 1990s.

Since the process is biased, the result will be biased.

The consumption world that young people in America, France and Germany hate is the fantasy that young people in Czechoslovakia pursue. The system that young people in Czechoslovakia don't like is a utopia in the fantasy of young people in America, France and Germany.

Such a youth movement can hardly shoulder the heavy responsibility of building an ideal country. And the youth movements all over the world are students and workers. Compared with the revolution in the 1920s, the youth movement lacked a stable core leadership team.

Young people are full of vigor and ambition to change the world, but they can't come up with any valuable political and economic program except enthusiasm. Even a priest with a reputation as big as gold pursues equality and freedom within the original system, but he is helpless to the vested interests that cause inequality and freedom.

After all, they have the ability to destroy the old world, but they don't know what kind of new world to build after destroying the old world. Therefore, the historical mission of the world youth movement is to destroy the dam of vested interests with invincible people's strength at the critical moment of history.

In this way, it is similar to the mission of China ancient peasant uprising.

Sixty-eight years later, the youth of the world have basically completed their historical mission. By the end of the Vietnam War in 1970s, their enthusiasm had faded, and they found it hopeless to build an ideal world. The once surging youth movement disappeared.

Most importantly, the baby boomers have grown up. They have to work to support their families and have no time to talk about their ideals.

They dispelled the sublime and exhausted the enthusiasm.

6. Reagan era

The American youth movement in the 1960s left a deep impression on two kinds of people.

One is the military-industrial complex, banking consortia, industrial capitalists and other vested interest groups. They were shocked by the strength of American youth and worried that similar things would happen again, so they decided to form an alliance, stabilize their positions and make profits to the end.

The second is intellectuals. They felt that the 1960s was too destructive, which was not conducive to the stable development of the United States, and might even subvert the foundation of the United States.

These two groups reached a * * * understanding, American youth and blacks returned to normal life, and the new right thus stepped onto the historical stage of the United States.

When the United States went downhill.

The United States was originally the largest industrial country in the world, and after World War II, it was the main exporter of industrial products. The profits of these industrial products enriched the United States. However, after decades of recuperation after the war, Japan, France, Germany and Britain rose again, and the manufactured industrial products seized the market share of the United States. American money is not so easy to earn.

Coupled with the stagflation crisis in the early 1970 s and the oil embargo in the Middle East countries, the American economy is bleak, enterprises are tight, and individuals dare not over-consume.

The new right put forward its own political and economic ideas. The state should not dictate to the economy, and free competition under the market economy is the best. At the same time, enterprises should be given tax incentives to ensure the vitality of the national economy.

The idea of the new right is very popular, because it is a good thing to cut taxes and keep them in your pocket. Who wants to pay more for the country?

So the new right elected Reagan as the presidential candidate and made Reagan take the White House as his spokesman. Reagan also promised that as long as he was elected president, he would definitely introduce tax cuts.

Times, heaven and earth together.

198 1 year, Reagan became the new president of the United States. Shortly after Reagan took office, he signed a law to reduce taxes by 25%, which was successfully passed by Congress.

The other side of tax reduction is the reduction of national fiscal revenue, and the US government cannot spend money lavishly. So while cutting taxes, Reagan drastically cut the federal budget and Congress passed it smoothly.

Is it over?

number

The military-industrial complex is America's greatest vested interest. What's the point of Reagan's presidency if we don't feed them?

Therefore, in the case of tax cuts and cuts in the federal budget, Reagan launched a five-year national defense plan of $654.38 +0.5 trillion and a six-year nuclear strategic plan of $654.38 +0.8 trillion.

This is Reagan's return to the military-industrial complex. As for "Star Wars", it is just a gimmick to deceive the Soviet Union and the American people.

Together with the new right, Reagan transformed the United States into a model of "small government and big market" and sold it to all countries in the world through "economic globalization".

What do you mean, kill people because of their hearts? Here it is.

The United States not only supports large enterprises to exploit profits around the world, but also sells American political model and ideology to the whole world.

Some countries didn't pay attention and soon fell into the trap of the United States. It has become a colony of the United States in disguise, and it is flattering to think that "learning from the United States will definitely develop", as if it has been greatly wronged.

Comrade Soviet Union, don't look around, it's you.

So what are the new rights? Simply put, it is free competition in economy, conservative authority in politics and culture, ignoring social equality and justice and only caring about the development efficiency of economy and capital.

Just as the New Right and Reagan were transforming the United States, Margaret Thatcher, the leader of the British New Right, became prime minister, vigorously promoting privatization and free competition. French President Mitterrand first nationalized industrial groups, and then quickly became a believer in privatization.

In recent years, with the drastic changes in Eastern Europe and the disintegration of the Soviet Union, they started "shock therapy" one after another, trying to move closer to European and American countries.

So far, the United States has entered a new era of single hegemony in the world, and the world has also entered a new era of economic globalization.

7. Summary

This article talks about the changes in the United States in the past 30 years, and also takes the United States as the main line to connect the world changes after World War II.

I didn't advocate anything, nor did I belittle anything. I just sort out the historical context and tell you that many things have their own ins and outs, and historical trends also have their own sources.

Understand what's in that pile of old paper, and you can clearly move towards the future.

Finally, looking back on the course of 30 years after World War II, I feel that the United States has not changed and the world has not changed. Come to think of it, everything seems to have changed.

People are still those people, things are still those things, but all countries in the world have seen the power of the people after the violent movement in the 1960 s.

The river washed away the dam, and it will not be the original dam after reconstruction.

The muddy water of the pre-industrial era was washed away, and the concepts of equality, fairness, freedom and tolerance needed in the post-industrial era were deeply rooted in the hearts of the people.

From the standpoint at that time, American youth failed, and from the time span of one hundred years, they were successful.

As the teacher said, only the people are the driving force to create world history.

The dragon slayers in World War II were defeated by the young people they were proud of. The dragon slayers in the 1960s were finally defeated by their life as if they were dirt.

But generations of idealistic youth will never die.