In autumn, first frost was in Jingmen, and the leaves were scattered all over the place. Because of the mountains and the wide river, the autumn wind also sent me away, which made my journey safe.
This time I went out, not to eat delicious food, but to visit famous mountains and rivers, so the place I want to go is in the mountains.
Translation and annotation
Autumn frost falls on the leaves of Jingmen River, and cloth sails are hung on poles intact to attract autumn wind.
I didn't go out for bass and silver carp this time. I like famous mountains, so I went fishing.
1, Jingmen: Shanming, located on the south bank of the Yangtze River in the northwest of Yidu County, Hubei Province, across the river from Huya Mountain on the north bank, has a dangerous terrain and has been known as the throat of Chu and Shu since ancient times.
2, empty: refers to the branches and leaves have fallen.
3. The cloth sail is safe: Gu Kaizhi borrowed the cloth sail from his boss and Yin Zhong, the secretariat of Jingzhou, and set sail for home by using the allusions in Biography of Gu Kaizhi in the Book of Jin. He went to the broken tomb and was attacked by a strong wind. He wrote to Yin Zhongkan, saying that pedestrians are safe and sails are safe. This means bon voyage.
4. Perch Silver Carp: Use the allusion in Shi Shuo Xin Yu Ren: When Hans Zhang of the Western Jin Dynasty was an official in Luoyang, he saw the autumn wind and thought of the rare delicacies such as leeks and perch in his hometown, so he resigned and returned to his hometown.
5. Zhongshu: refers to the area around Shengzhou City, Zhejiang Province today. Guangzhi: There are many famous mountains, so you can avoid disasters.
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The mountain named Jingmen is located on the south bank of the Yangtze River in the northwest of Yidu County, Hubei Province, across the river from Huya Mountain. The Warring States period was the west gate of Chu State. Taking a boat east to Jingmen means bidding farewell to Bashan and Shushui. This poem was written by the poet when he first went to Sichuan. The longing for a better future and the fantasy of a new and beautiful world enabled him to overcome his attachment to Mount Emei and pursue his ideal future enthusiastically. This poem is full of positive and romantic enthusiasm.
The first sentence is to write about the scenery, and at the same time point out the autumn and Jingmen in the topic. Jingmen Mountain used to be densely forested and full of green leaves. Now, under the frost in Qiu Lai, the leaves are scattered all over the floor and my eyes are empty. Because of the empty mountains, the river is wider. This empty word vividly depicts the beautiful scenery, clear heaven and earth, boundless and lofty scene, without the feeling of bleak decline.
In the second sentence, the canvas hangs safely in the autumn wind, bearing the word "Jiang" and secretly pointing out the words. Gu Kaizhi, a great painter in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, asked for leave to join the army of the shogunate in Yin Zhongkan, Jingzhou. Zhong Kan specially lent the cloth sail to him. When he met a strong wind on the way, he opened a branch and wrote to Yin, saying that pedestrians were safe and the cloth sail was safe. Here, the allusion of canvas safety is borrowed, which not only shows that the poet's journey is safe, but also means smooth sailing and helping others. This autumn wind scene in "The Original Boat is 300 Li" vividly shows the poet's unparalleled optimism and relief.
Hans Zhang Jiangdong, when the autumn wind. The third sentence of the poem comes from the autumn wind of the second sentence. According to legend, Zhang, a native of Wu, was an official in Luoyang in the Western Jin Dynasty. Seeing the autumn wind, he remembered the soup and perch in his hometown and said, "Life is too expensive for your ears. How can you stay thousands of miles away and become famous? " I was ordered to drive home. Li Bai's trip was in autumn, and the ship sailed towards the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, which reminded him of the story of Hans Zhang. But he claimed that this trip was not for silver carp, but the purpose of this trip was different from that of Hans Zhang, and he was far from home. This reversal not only makes the poem ups and downs, but also urgently calls on the following people to love famous mountains and walk into them. Among shn fans, there are many beautiful mountains and rivers in Sheng County, Zhejiang Province today. The word "self" in the sentence echoes the word "inaction" in the previous sentence, and the two sentences are closely linked, which enhances the emotional color.
The ancients once said: the poet's words are not true enough. This probably means that poetry has the characteristics of conciseness, generalization, exaggeration and implication. The meaning of language in poetry can not always be expressed literally, so poets should not use words to hurt. If only three or four sentences in this poem are understood as the purpose of the poet's confession, not for Wu's delicious food, but for enjoying the famous mountains, it would be too superficial and too real. It was several years before Li Bai entered the school. So what does this mean? To answer this question, we have to go back to the third sentence of this poem. Judging from what Hans Zhang said, Hans Zhang opposed Mg and silver carp and abandoned the former and the latter. Where is Li Bai? His attitude towards the latter is very clear. This trip is not for silver carp. What about the former? The poet didn't make it clear. However, what Jingmen said and did in the autumn made this issue very clear. First, this trip did not go into the mountains, but traveled around Jianghan to find opportunities for career promotion; Secondly, he also clearly claimed that a gentleman must have the ambition of all directions, so he waved his sword to serve the country and left his relatives to travel far (History of Shang 'an Peichang). He also hopes to inspire his intelligence, and is willing to help him enlarge the atlas area and clarify Hai Xian County ("Dai Shoushan answers Meng Shaofu's command"). Isn't this ambition to make contributions and make active use of the world exactly the opposite of Hans Zhang's attitude? It can be seen that the poet turned his back on Hans Zhang at this time for the mg and the bass and silver carp, but left in the middle of the poem. Of course, this is also an appropriate ambition, an ambition to make friends and make contributions. How to understand the fourth sentence of the poem? It is true that the poet yearns for a panoramic view of famous mountains and rivers, and this interest has already been shown before he left Sichuan, but in view of the above sentence, it cannot be limited to this. We know that Li Bai, who thinks highly of himself, didn't want to gain fame through the imperial examination taken by ordinary literati at that time, but chose another romantic road, that is, traveling in Ren Xia, living in seclusion in famous mountains, seeking longevity, making friends with celebrities and establishing a reputation, with a view to reaching out to each other in one fell swoop. Therefore, self-love here is nothing more than flaunting one's superior elegance, and it is nothing more than an artistic summary of different secular life interests. This optimistic, romantic, generous and cheerful spirit vividly shows the poet's personality and spiritual outlook in the prosperous Tang Dynasty.
This poem is also quite distinctive in artistic expression. Although there are four sentences in the whole poem, its scenery, narration and discussion have their own images, which intensively express the enthusiasm of young poets to go abroad with swords, and their brushwork is flexible and natural. There are two allusions in the four poems, either hidden without revealing traces, or bringing forth the new, without a sense of stagnation, which have reached the realm of bringing forth the new, self-contained, vivid and natural.
Farewell through Jingmen
Li Bai bid farewell to his friends at Jingmen Ferry.
Sail from Jingmen Ferry, and soon you will be with southerners.
At the end of the mountain range and the beginning of the plain, the river winds through the wilderness.
The moon rises like a mirror, and the sea clouds twinkle like palaces.
The water brings you the feeling of home and makes your boat travel 300 miles.
Translation and annotation
West Shu, outside the sword gate, goes down the river east,
Came to the territory of Chu for a trip.
Chongshan gradually disappeared with the appearance of wilderness,
The Yangtze River flows slowly into the wilderness.
The shadow of the moon is reflected in the river, like a flying mirror.
Clouds form a mirage.
I still cherish the water in my hometown,
Wan Li kept my boat afloat during the trip.
1, Jingmen: Shanming, in the northwest of Yidu County, Hubei Province.
2。 Phantom: A mirage.
3, hometown water: refers to the Yangtze River, Li Bai lived in Sichuan in his early years, so he said this.
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In the 14th year of Tang Kaiyuan (726), the poet went to China with his sword, leaving his relatives to travel far and wide, and went out to the east of Sichuan. This poem was written on the way to travel. Poetically speaking, the poet and the messenger are in the same boat, and they are singing on the boat. In Qing Dynasty, Shen Deqian thought that it was untrue that there was no farewell in the poem, and the word farewell could be deleted from the title. Although this poem is intended to depict mountains and rivers, if carefully considered, it still has the meaning of farewell, which shows the skill of writing. The mountains are flat and primitive, and the river meanders in the wilderness, which is comparable to Du Fu's "Stars from the wilderness, the moon comes up from the river". Or think that Li is sailing and browsing, while Du is stopping to observe carefully. This statement makes sense.
On the Poetry of Farewell to Friends at Jingmen Ferry
On the Poetry of Farewell to Friends at Jingmen Ferry
Farewell friends at Jingmen Ferry.
Author: Li Bai
Original text:
Sail from Jingmen Ferry, and soon you will be with southerners.
Mountains and Ye Ping 4. Rivers meander through the wilderness.
The moon rises like a mirror, and the sea clouds twinkle like palaces.
The water brings you the feeling of home and makes your boat travel 300 miles.
Precautions:
1, Jingmen: Located on the south bank of the Yangtze River in the northwest of Yidu County, Hubei Province, facing Huya Mountain in the north, with dangerous terrain, it has been known as the throat of Chu and Shu since ancient times. Yamagata closes and opens again, looking like a door.
2, far: far away.
3. Chu State: Chu land, now around Hubei and Hunan. Its land belonged to Chu in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period.
Ye Ping: Yuan Ye is both flat and vast.
5. Jiang: A big river. Wilderness: the vast and boundless Yuan Ye.
6. The moon is like a mirror: the bright moon is reflected on the river, just like a flying mirror. Down: move down, down.
7. Mirage: Mirage, describing the beautiful scene of clouds on the river.
8. Still: often.
9. Wan Li: It means the distance traveled.
Poetic:
I have been to Jingmen to visit Chu from afar.
With the appearance of low-lying Yuan Ye, the mountains gradually disappeared.
Rivers run in the endless Yuan Ye.
The reflection of the moon in the water is like a sky mirror flying down from the sky.
Clouds rise and change endlessly, forming a mirage.
I still cherish the water in my hometown, flowing through Wan Li to send me on a long voyage.
Appreciate:
This poem was written by Li Bai when he left Sichuan at the age of 25. This trip to Shu can be described as a strong trip: passing through Bashu, leaving the Three Gorges, going straight out of Jingmen Mountain and flying between Chu and Han. The poet experienced the danger of Bashan and Shushui, and was surprised that Wanling Valley was near Jingmen, and there was no lack of joy when he returned to Jiangling one day. Poet's narrative lyric: Sailing from Jingmen Ferry, you will soon be with people in the south, full of novelty and surprise. In the past few days, the mountains on both sides of the strait that followed the poet gradually drifted away, and the open rivers jumped into the field of vision, and the roaring rivers flowed into the distance until Yuan Ye, which was far away from the water, was magnificent. At midnight, overlooking the river, the reflection of the moon in the water is like a mirror falling from the sky: the sky is clear during the day, overlooking the horizon, and the clouds are steaming and hazy, changing endlessly, as wonderful as a mirage. How charming this country is, how many thoughts you have, and how homesick you suddenly feel. This is the mystery of understanding and the water brings you a feeling of home and draws your boat for 300 miles. Only after reading this did I know that the farewell referred to by the poet turned out to be the water in my hometown! It is the water in this hometown that spared no effort to put the poet on the road of life in Wan Li. How touching is the artistic image of hometown water. The whole poem begins with a long journey, begins with the scenery seen on the way, and ends with farewell. The structure is rigorous, the transition is natural, the momentum is magnificent and the feelings are long.
It is worth noting that the magnificent and wonderful pictures in the poem are not simply combined and pieced together casually. All the scenery outside Jingmen is inseparable from the Yangtze River: the mountains are on both sides of the Yangtze River, Ye Ping is the Ye Ping where the Yangtze River flows, the moon shadow is the moon shadow in the Yangtze River water, the walking clouds are the walking clouds on the Yangtze River, and the hometown water that draws a boat for 300 miles is also the Yangtze River water. With the Yangtze River as the center, they jointly and harmoniously constructed a magnificent and wonderful river scene, which can complement each other in expressing the poet's cheerful mood and youthful vitality. Emotion is scene music, and scene language is also emotional language. Undoubtedly, the scenery written in "Seeing Friends Off at Jingmen Ferry" all infected the poet's inner feelings, and the magnificent natural scenery outside Jingmen, which entered the poet's eyes and constituted other poets' works, was completely consistent with the broad-minded mind and unrestrained and enthusiastic mood of the young poet when he left his hometown and devoted himself to pursuing that extraordinary career in a broader world.
If Li Bai left Shu, where he lived since childhood, for Chu for the first time, then leaving his hometown water was a strong departure.
The whole poem has lofty artistic conception, magnificent imagination, fantastic images, delicate language and high artistic generalization. The mountains are flat and primitive, and the meandering wilderness is vivid, like a long-axis landscape map of the Yangtze River passing through Jingmen from the gorge, which is as famous as Du Fu's "The stars are leaning against the sky, and the moon is running on the river" and Wang Wei's "This river crosses heaven and earth, is the mountain medium?" The moon is held up like a mirror, and the sea clouds twinkle like a palace. The combination of the two is spectacular. The combination of flying and flying, the combination of life and knot, brings the changing process of the moon shadow in water and the strange illusion of a mirage into life, which is amazing.
Prime Minister Zhang Shang of Jingmen
Meng Haoran went to Jingmen as Prime Minister Zhang.
It is divided into Jingzhou, and it is shameful to recruit talents. Call Nan Fengduo to explain that the Prime Minister's Cabinet is still open.
It is urgent to stop euphoria and sink down to pull weeds. Sitting on Xu Ru's sofa, she often picks up Li Ying's cup.
At first, I comforted cicadas and sang willows. I watched plums in the snow. Four years old, thousands of miles away.
Looking forward to the wings in the sunset, the sand surface hates showing its cheeks. There are three constellations in the smell of the publicity room.
The quatrains of ancient poetry are so classic, concise and full of infinite feelings. Want to see more quatrains and ancient poems? Please enjoy the beautiful sentences in autumn.