"Thirty-six Plans" is a military work based on China's excellent ancient military thoughts and rich struggle experience, and it is one of the long-standing cultural heritages of the Chinese nation. The phrase "Thirty-six Strategies" was written earlier than the year of writing, and its etymology can be taken from Tan Dao Ji (? -A.D. 436), according to the Biography of King Jingze of the Southern Qi Dynasty: "Tan Gong's thirty-six plans are the best policy, and your father and son should only listen to them." It means that defeat is inevitable and only retreat is the best policy. This sentence was used by later generations. Hui Hong's "Cold Zhai Night Talk" in Song Dynasty: "Thirty-six plans, walking is the best plan." . In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, more people quoted this language. So a man of heart collected a batch of books and compiled "Thirty-six Plans". However, it is difficult to determine when and by whom this book was written.
The original book is arranged according to the plan name and divided into six sets, namely, winning plan, enemy plan, attack plan, melee plan, merger plan and defeat plan. The first three sets are for top students and the last three sets are for bottom students. Each group contains six meters, and the three groups make a total of six meters. Some of its names come from historical allusions, such as "besieging Wei to save Zhao" and "attacking the enemy with fake things". Some of them come from ancient military terms, such as "waiting for work" and "turning from East to West". Some poems come from ancient poets, such as "Li Chao's peach was stiff" and "Catch a thief and catch a king". Some borrow idioms, such as "golden cicada takes off its shell" and "pointing fingers at mulberry trees". There are others. Among them, the explanation after each name comes from the theory of Yin and Yang changes in the Book of Changes and the thoughts of the ancient military strategists on the mutual transformation of opposites, such as rigidity, strangeness, aggression, defense, self-denial, falsehood and falsehood, and subject and object, which contains simple military dialectics factors. After the commentary, most of the comments quoted the war examples before the Song Dynasty and the incisive expositions of military strategists such as Sun Wu, Wu Qi and Wei Liaozi. There is also a general introduction and postscript in the book.
"Thirty-six Strategies" is a summary of China's ancient military strategists' strategies, and it is a valuable legacy of military science. In order to make it easier for people to remember these thirty-six strategies, a scholar took one word from each of the thirty-six strategies and composed a poem in sequence:
In today's Tan Gongce, in order to catch thieves, fish and snakes laugh at the sea, sheep, tigers, peaches and mulberry trees are separated, the trees are dark and stupid, the kettle is empty and bitter, and the beams are beautiful, and the fruit is cut.
Except for Tan Gongce, every word in the poem contains one of the thirty-six strategies. In order: golden cicada, throwing a brick to attract jade, killing people with a knife, waiting for an opportunity to move, catching thieves and catching the king, taking advantage of the fire to rob, closing the door to catch thieves, fishing in troubled waters, spooking, cheating, stealing a column, attracting a tiger out of the mountain, Li Jiang, referring to cursing mulberry trees, watching the fire from the other side, blossoming on trees, and hiding a knife in the dark.
The earlier edition of Thirty-six Plans was republished by Chengdu Xinghua Printing House on 194 1, with the cover book Thirty-six Plans and the Notes on the Art of War, and explained that the original book was a manuscript, which was published in Fenzhou (now Fen, Shaanxi Province) on 194 1. 196 1, introduced by collector Shu He in Guangming Daily, and then presented to China People's Liberation Army Political College. Since then, various pirated and plagiarized versions have appeared.
In view of the fact that the original book of Thirty-six Calculus is too difficult to understand and there are few concrete examples in the annotations, this edition of Thirty-six Calculus first annotates the words that are difficult to understand in the original book as much as possible; Then refer to the original Notes and analyze the significance of each scheme. Then, introduce the source of each rice. Finally, each plan gives a vivid historical story to deepen the impression.
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