Prose writer in Qing dynasty. The word is three white and the number is Yimei. Changzhou (now Suzhou, Jiangsu) people. He has been a staff member for a long time in his life, and has been to many places from north to south. In the 13th year of Jiaqing (1808), Qi Kun, edited by the Hanlin Academy, went to Ryukyu to attend the ceremony of conferring the Ryukyu King and returned to China in October. During this period, I wrote Six Chapters of a Floating Life.
Six Chapters of a Floating Life is an autobiographical essay. There are six original records: Boudoir, Leisure, Ups and Downs, Travel Notes of Waves, Sun Yat-sen Calendar and Health Preservation. The first four records have been preserved to this day. The author described his experience for most of his life in a simple style, and the joy and sadness matched each other, which was really touching.
The book describes that he and his wife, Chen Yun, are congenial and love each other. They are willing to live a carefree life and engage in art. Due to the oppression of feudal ethics and the suffering of poor life, their ideals are finally shattered, and they have experienced the pain of where you will go. Following Li Qingzhao's Preface to the Records of the Stone in the Song Dynasty and Gui Youguang's Ling Xuan Zhi in the Ming Dynasty, the author described the family life of the couple at a long length in Six Chapters of a Floating Life, which is really rare in China's ancient literature. The book has unique comments on landscape gardens, diet and daily life.
During the light years of the Qing Dynasty, Yang Yinchuan got the manuscript of this book in a cold stall in Suzhou, and the first two books were lost. In the twenty-ninth year of Daoguang (1849), Wang Tao wrote an afterword for it, praising the book as "touching and infatuated between pen and ink". light
Xu Sannian (1877), Yang Yinchuan handed it over to Shanghai Declaration Hall for printing, and it has been 70 years since this book was written. The Beautifying Masterpieces Series published by World Bookstore 1935 includes Six Chapters of a Floating Life, and both supplements are forgeries.
Translation:
Looking back on my childhood, I can open my eyes to the sun and see all the details. When I see a small thing, I must carefully observe its lines, so I often have fun outside things.
Mosquitoes in summer sound like thunder. I compare them to flocks of cranes flying in the sky. In my heart, hundreds of mosquitoes have become cranes. I looked up and my neck was stiff. I let mosquitoes stay in the curtains, slowly inhale the smoke and let them fly against it, watching it be a white crane in Qingyun. Sure enough, it is like a crane in the cloud, which is refreshing.
I often squat in places where the earth walls are uneven, or where flowers are mixed in the grass. I am as tall as the flower bed. Watch carefully. I take grass as forest, insects and ants as beasts, convex soil as hills, concave soil as valleys, and enjoy myself wandering among them.
One day, I saw two bugs fighting in the grass. I was very happy to see them. Suddenly, a huge monster came down from the mountain and fell from the tree. It turned out to be a frog. As soon as his tongue came out, the two worms were swallowed by it. When I was a child, I was so lost in my eyes that I cried with fear. After a pause, he caught the frog, whipped it dozens of times and drove it to another yard.
The theme of this paper is the author's childhood "interest outside things". Although "interest outside things" is not owned by things themselves, it is related to things. It is the result of the subjective experience of the viewer acting on things, and it can also be said that things generate interest. Mosquitoes and insects in the grass mentioned in the article are very small things, which can arouse children's curiosity and imagination, and interest is thus generated.
At the beginning, the author said that he had excellent eyesight when he was a child, and then pointed out the main idea of the article. "Open your eyes to the sun" means that your eyes can withstand strong light stimulation; "Clear eyes" means excellent eyesight and being able to see small things clearly. With such good eyesight, coupled with the hobby of "seeing small things, we must carefully examine their texture", we can find "the interest outside things" This is a summary, only 32 words, concise and visible. The following points are described.
In summer, mosquitoes turn into thunder, which makes people miserable, but the young author is whimsical and imagines it as a moving picture of "cranes dancing in the air", and he is fascinated. Later, he thought of the "Yun Zhonghe Map" he had seen before, so he "left the mosquitoes in the vegetarian account and smoked them to fly". As a result, he really saw such a picture. This is a picture magnified by imagination, which shows the spontaneous aesthetic consciousness in a child's innocent mind. This is a ...
Secondly, the author lived in the city when he was young, and he was eager to see the natural scenery, so he used his imagination to realize his wish. He imagined the uneven walls in the garden and the bushes on the flower beds as Woods, insects and mosquitoes as beasts, small raised clods as hills and small sunken clods as ravines, which provided him with a free and broad world where he could enjoy the scenery of "nature". One day, there were two insects fighting in the grass-in the young author's imagination, it turned into two wild animals fighting in the Woods, which made him particularly fascinated; Unexpectedly, a "monster" came to the mountain. Stick out your tongue and swallow the two animals together. The young author was scared to death; When I woke up and the illusion disappeared, I found that the "monster" was just a frog. He was angry, but he didn't want to hurt it. He just used whipping to show his punishment-what is the whip made of? The article didn't explain, maybe it was a twig. He punished the frog, which may be revenge for two bugs, but from the perspective of "driving away from the hospital", the main reason was to destroy his aesthetic taste.
The author uses the phrase "interest outside things" to control the above two things, which is intended to show that he had spontaneous aesthetic consciousness and interest when he was young.
Second, the problem research
Shen Fu's "Six Chapters of a Floating Life" has a chapter about "leisure", which mainly records the author's love for flowers and trees when he grows up and the trivia of beautifying the room and surrounding environment with his wife after marriage. I only remember the first paragraph of childhood anecdotes, so I am relatively independent, and I am quite unique in describing children's psychological process of looking at things, which is worth studying.
The young author thought of "cranes dancing in the air" from the flying of mosquitoes, which is the so-called similar association; Thinking of "Yun Zhonghe" is close to association. This latter association prompted him to imitate, so he "left mosquitoes in the vegetarian tent and let them fly with smoke", and then carefully observed that "fruit is like a crane in a cloud", which is the illusion of the young author, but it is also the goal he pursues-this is a very beautiful picture and worth pondering.
The section on insect watching is similar to the above process. "Taking shrubs as forests, insects and mosquitoes as beasts, protruding mud and gravel as hills and depressions as valleys" all belong to similar associations, and the appearance of "behemoth" is also an illusion; Differences are the cause of this illusion. At this moment, the young author has been completely intoxicated in the realm of his own association, and the object in front of him has been magnified thousands of times, and the frog is sudden. In contrast, it naturally becomes a "monster." This illusion was suddenly produced in a very short time by intense stimulation, which was different from Yun Zhonghe's intention.