Speaking of tea in China, it's really a university question. First of all, let's learn about the classification of tea. Generally speaking, tea is divided into: one is basic tea and the other is reprocessed tea. Basic teas include green tea, black tea, oolong tea, white tea, yellow tea and black tea. Processed tea includes scented tea, pressed tea, fruity tea and health tea.
These two kinds of tea have different characteristics. For example, the basic feature of green tea is its green leaves and clear soup, and its varieties mainly include Longjing in Hangzhou, Biluochun in Suzhou, clouds in Lushan Mountain in Jiangxi, melon slices in Lu 'an, Anhui, and Xinyang Maojian in Henan.
The basic feature of black tea is red leaves and red soup. The main varieties are Anhui Qimen black tea, Yunnan Dianhong and Jiangxi Ninghong.
Oolong tea belongs to semi-fermented tea, and its varieties mainly include Wuyishan Rock Tea in Fujian, Tieguanyin Tea in Anxi and Frozen Top Oolong Tea in Taiwan Province Province.
White tea is a kind of micro-fermented tea, which is mainly produced in Fujian. Black tea has a long fermentation time and dark leaves, so it is called black tea and can be drunk directly.
The scented tea in reprocessed tea is generally made by green tea after absorbing the floral fragrance, which is popular in northern China. The main varieties are jasmine tea, white orchid tea and osmanthus tea.
Compressed tea refers to brick tea, Pu 'er tea, etc., which are processed and steamed into a certain shape, so it is easy to store and transport, and is generally sold to the frontier areas of China. In ancient China, tea sold to the frontier was monopolized by the imperial court. Whether to sell tea to frontier minority areas is a means for the central government to control the frontier. At that time, tea sold to the frontier was mainly brick tea.
Fruit tea and health tea were invented late. Fruit-flavored tea is a kind of tea beverage made by adding fruit juice in production, such as lemon tea and orange juice tea. Health Chaze adds Chinese herbal medicines to tea, which enhances the efficacy of tea in preventing and treating diseases.
From the time of picking tea, we can also divide tea into spring tea and summer and autumn tea. Spring tea, as its name implies, is the tea picked in the sky. After a winter's cultivation, the tea tree contains a variety of effective substances, so it has a strong aroma, fresh taste and good tea quality. Summer tea tastes bitter than spring tea because of its high temperature and strong photosynthesis in summer. Autumn tea tastes weak because the nutrients are obviously reduced after two seasons of picking. Generally speaking, especially green tea, spring tea is better.
Besides quenching thirst, tea has a special health care function for human body. Generally speaking, there are five main aspects: first, exciting functions. There is a substance called caffeine in making tea, which can excite people's central nervous system, help people cheer up, improve their thinking, eliminate fatigue and improve work efficiency. Second, diuretic function, often drinking tea water can treat diseases such as edema and acute hepatitis. Third, prevent arteriosclerosis Because vitamin C and other substances in tea have the effect of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis to prevent arteriosclerosis, people who drink tea regularly have a lower incidence of hypertension and heart disease. Fourth, antibacterial function, there is a substance in tea that can coagulate bacterial protein and kill bacteria. Therefore, the skin is sore and suppurated, and the skin is broken by trauma. Washing with strong tea can diminish inflammation and sterilize. Oral inflammation and sore throat, treated with tea, also have certain effect. Fifth, the function of losing weight. Many compounds in tea can regulate fat metabolism, especially oolong tea has a good decomposition effect on protein and fat, which can reduce cholesterol and blood lipid, so there are many slimming teas on the market now.
Besides health care function, tea has many wonderful uses in daily life. If the tea can remove the fishy smell, put the fish in warm tea for 5- 10 minutes, and the fish will be less fishy. The soaked tea leaves can also be used as tea side pillows after drying, which smells delicious and is very comfortable when sleeping. Tea can also be used in cook the meat. For example, putting a tea bag in beef not only rots quickly, but also tastes delicious.
Tea is not only practical. On the contrary, it is also very cultured. In the long process of making tea, tea culture has really become an art after more than two thousand years of historical evolution. Tea-making technology, tea set, tea-making process, and even the water used to make tea have a lot of special attention. For example, there are many ways to make tea, tea sets have many shapes, and there are many ways to make tea, such as frying, boiling, lighting and brewing. Speaking of it, the water used for making tea is not common, but in ancient times, even water was divided into three or six grades. Emperor Qianlong loved tea very much. He visited Jiangnan six times and tasted the famous local tea everywhere. He brought his own measuring instrument to measure the weight and quality of water. He paid great attention to the quality of tea and put forward that "fresh water is more expensive". He thought it was on the lotus leaf. As for the taste of water, I can tell another short story. In episode 4 1 of A Dream of Red Mansions, Miaoyu made tea for Lin Daiyu, Jia Baoyu and Xue Baochai. Because Lin Daiyu couldn't tell whether the water for making tea was rain or snow, Miaoyu smiled. Miaoyu said: this water was collected from plum blossoms five years ago and buried in an urn for making tea. Picking snow from plum blossoms is definitely more difficult than picking dew from lotus leaves, which shows how much the ancients paid attention to the taste of water.
Tea culture is an important part of China traditional culture. The ancients integrated their life enjoyment, happiness experience and artistic taste into this small world. This is a rich historical and cultural heritage, which we should continue to carry forward. Fortunately, busy modern people have also learned to find a little spiritual comfort from tea tasting. Nowadays, teahouses are quietly emerging in modern cities with various Internet cafes and bars. It has become one of the leisure fashions to make friends with tea, to make friends with tea, and to make peace in the middle of trouble. Perhaps this is the modern continuation of tea culture in China, and perhaps this is the modern tea culture in China.