China is a country with a long history, vast territory and rich resources, with a civilization of 5,000 years. It is one of the few countries in the world with no fault in civilization. What's more, ancient people in China were good at summing up experience. Basically, every emperor has to compile all kinds of history books during his reign, summarizing culture and technology. We are familiar with similar books, such as Yongle Dadian and Sikuquanshu, which were compiled when the emperor was in office. Now, in Zhangjiashan, Hubei Province, the Han bamboo slips of Zhangjiashan that shocked the world have been discovered again!

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A Han tomb was excavated from Zhangjiashan Han bamboo slips 1983 to 65438+February to1984+1October. There are no bodies in the tomb, only some bamboo slips from the Han Dynasty. These bamboo slips mainly include Er Nian Law, Shu Shu, Li Pu and Er Nian Law, Gai Lu, Mai Shu and Quotations, which reflect the laws of the Han Dynasty.

Judging from the bamboo slips unearthed in Zhangjiashan, the Han Dynasty fully absorbed the tyrannical political model of the Qin Dynasty. In order to avoid the tragic consequences of the Qin dynasty, the Han dynasty paid attention to rest and recuperation. The unearthed bamboo slips of two-year decrees are rich in content, including 27 decrees of the Han Dynasty, covering a wide range of society at that time, which is of great significance to scholars studying related history. A considerable number of laws in "Two-year Laws and Regulations" absorbed Qin laws, which inspired the study of Qin and Han cultures. "Pulse Book" and "Preface Book" describe the contents of ancient medicine and Taoist health preservation, which still have certain reference value today. Playing the Book of Prophecy and Two-year Law can further solve some difficult problems in Qin Law. The information of Zhangjiashan bamboo slips unearthed in Hubei Province is much richer than that of Sleeping Tiger bamboo slips, and the relatively detailed information also effectively reduces the debate of relevant experts on the history of Qin and Han Dynasties.

There is also the same unearthed Arithmetic Book, which mainly talks about practical problems in mathematics, even earlier than the first mathematical masterpiece "Nine Chapters Arithmetic" in China. The content of this book involves mathematical concepts such as negative numbers and fractions, which are centuries earlier than those in Europe and still exist today. Some scholars have suggested that the contents recorded in Arithmetic Book are more like those used by officials as dictionaries at that time, which shows that the application of mathematics has been more common in ancient times. Most of the contents in Shu Shu were compiled during the Warring States period, and not in the Qin Dynasty at the latest.

It is also worth mentioning that the two-year law involves the idea of law, from which modern people can get a glimpse of ancient life. In the "Two-year Law", the feudal society of Han Dynasty naturally and absolutely maintained the patriarchy. Whether it is kinship or property inheritance, preference for sons over daughters has irreplaceable advantages. If there are posthumous children and there are clear regulations, it shows that ancient people have already had superb legislative consciousness and principles. A father is a symbol of power and has absolute control over the life and death of his children. At the same time, the establishment of certain laws and regulations to determine the absolute authority of patriarchy, even surrender can not reduce the punishment. Third, weaken or reduce the human rights of wives, children and others. If someone commits a crime, then the law will stipulate that his wife, children and other family members are equally implicated, which greatly attaches the human rights of wives, children and others to the person who symbolizes patriarchy as an object, thus invisibly strengthening the spiritual status and actual status of patriarchy in society.

There are many lost "ancient books" in Zhangjiashan bamboo slips, such as two-year laws and arithmetic books. The unearthed Han bamboo slips have a wide range of contents, which is of great significance to the study of science and technology and historical status quo in the Western Han Dynasty. The bamboo slips unearthed in Maishu and Yin Shu have clear handwriting, which is an important supplement to the silk ancient medical literature unearthed in Mawangdui. The History of Medical Bamboo Slips unearthed in Zhangjiashan updated the earliest medical records in China, in which an operation about human skeleton repair was recorded four or five hundred years earlier than that recorded by Ge Hong.

Arithmetic Book is the earliest mathematical work in China and the basic book of mathematics in China. The famous Nine Chapters Arithmetic was written under the influence of Arithmetic Book. In this way, many aspects have created many precedents in China, and it is not an exaggeration to say that the world is rewritten. Although some western scholars always doubt these established facts, China doesn't have to take them to heart, because the truth is there in black and white, and no one can change it.

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The contents recorded in Zhang Jiashan's Han bamboo slips are comprehensive, involving military affairs, medicine, law, science and technology, etc. I believe it will arouse the enthusiasm of relevant scholars for the study of Han society and Qin dynasty, and attract the attention of scholars at home and abroad. However, there are always good western scholars who do not recognize China's splendid ancient culture and think that the names of Zhangjiashan Han bamboo slips are untrue. For us, there is no need to worry too much, because facts speak louder than words.