Observing the movement of the same object in different reference frames, we see different situations. The Buddha's frame of reference is in his heart. Actually, follow your heart. I can't believe it. .
(reproduced) 1. Buddhist culture is closely related to sports.
On the one hand, Buddhism believes that the human body is rare and Buddhism is hard to find, so we should cherish our body more; On the other hand, Buddhism emphasizes spiritual cultivation, while exercise is not attached to the body. In essence, sports is to temper people's will and character through physical exercise, so that people can establish self-confidence in life, integrate the essence of sports into life, and stimulate the power to surpass themselves. In many ways, sports can gain valuable enlightenment from Buddhist culture.
Sports spirit is the spirit of human self-improvement and self-transcendence. Gold medal first, winning first is not the essence of sports. Sports is essentially a high degree of human harmony, on the one hand, the harmony of athletes' physical and mental state, on the other hand, the harmony of competition process, that is, the harmony of competition. The process of sports competition is the natural expression of human nature, without any carving. In the process of exercise, people are egoless, beyond their own will, and enter an ethereal realm of selflessness.
If sports is regarded as a philosophy of life, the equality, fairness, justice, tolerance and harmony it advocates, the respect for multiculturalism, the promotion of social harmony and the advocacy of world peace complement each other with Buddhist philosophy. It can be said that building a peaceful, just, beautiful and harmonious world is not only the goal of the Olympics, but also the ultimate pursuit of Buddhism.
Second, the contribution of Buddhist culture to traditional sports in China.
Sports is a kind of culture, an inevitable product of the development of human society, and develops with the needs of human beings and the progress of social civilization. The Chinese nation has a splendid culture of 5,000 years, and our traditional sports are also a part of our traditional culture. The two promote each other and develop together. Under the environment of Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism, the basic characteristics of traditional sports in China have been formed. In particular, Buddhist culture and viewpoints have penetrated into traditional sports in China most obviously, and played an extremely important role in the formation and development of traditional sports in China.
(A) Buddhist cultural meditation has promoted the formation and development of health sports in China.
Buddhism and Taoism in China have had a long-term debate on the issue of immortality. Taoism seeks physical longevity; Buddhism values spiritual liberation; There is no doubt that Buddhism pursues immortality, and its ultimate goal is nirvana, that is, the "normality" of nirvana's four virtues, that is, immortality. The influence of Buddhism on China's traditional sports health preservation is mainly in the form of meditation. Through long-term meditation practice and some methods of regulating breath, mind and body, we can exercise the body's external static and internal dynamic, and promote human health and longevity.
Meditation is closely related to human psychology and physiology. The structure of the human body is very complicated and delicate. It can become a complete individual, mainly relying on the role of the nervous system, especially the brain. At the same time, according to the physiological point of view, the biggest function of human body structure is to maintain life. On the one hand, it absorbs nutrients and oxygen in vitro and supplies them to various organs in the body, on the other hand, it excretes carbon dioxide and other wastes in the body. This phenomenon of material exchange is called metabolism. Meditation first affects people's psychological activities, and psychology often affects physiology more. For example: I feel ashamed inside, and my face is very red; I am worried, but I don't feel pale and emaciated. This is a psychological effect on my body. When you are happy, the five senses feel beautiful, but when you are sad, it is the opposite, which is the psychological influence on the five senses; When you are excited, your appetite will increase, but when you are depressed, it will decrease. This is a psychological effect on your stomach. Abnormal emotions such as anger and jealousy can cause toxins in blood and various tissues, which is a psychological impact on blood, indicating that psychological power is enough to dominate the body.
The human body has two aspects: physiology and psychology. Although we are engaged in self-cultivation, we can't neglect both aspects, and the psychological aspect is actually more important. From the anatomical and physiological point of view, the central nervous system-brain and spinal cord-is also a general mechanism for connecting, managing and regulating nerve activities. When Pavlov founded higher nervous activity's conditioned reflex theory, he experimented with a dog. As soon as the dog hears the bell, it secretes saliva, which is transmitted to the saliva secretion center of the medulla oblongata and then to the secretory gland through the activity of the cerebral cortex, which is also an explanation that psychology affects physiology. Meditation can not only make blood run well in physiology and benefit people, but also unify and concentrate the whole body mentally, thus promoting the further healthy development of psychological phenomena. Keeping a calm attitude is the only way to fight against distraction. At the same time, the mind is calm and normal, and the mind is clear and happy. Nature can promote physical peace, eliminate illness and prolong life. Meditation concentrates the mind. Regarding the problem of concentration, we can use this example to illustrate that we can bring the exposure to a focus with a prism or convex lens, and then we can have the function of burning, because after the exposure is concentrated, a high degree of heat will be generated. Also in meditation, the cerebral cortex is in a state of protective inhibition, which can coordinate and restore the function of the brain. People's thinking ability has been greatly improved, resulting in inspiration and wisdom that cannot be possessed under normal circumstances. This is a Buddhist practice method that produces wisdom from meditation. At the same time, human meditation can obviously reduce the basic metabolism of human body and reduce the consumption of oxygen. The metabolism of adrenaline and norepinephrine is about 60% of that of normal people, while the corticoids and growth hormones are reduced and the immune function is enhanced.
Buddhist meditation is one of the important laws of health care in ancient China, which has made great contributions to the development of health care in China.
(B) the impact of Zen on China Wushu
Buddhist monks and nuns practiced martial arts from the Southern and Northern Dynasties in China, and the martial arts circles believe that Buddhist monks and nuns practiced martial arts from bodhidharma, the early ancestor of Zen Buddhism. It can be said that Buddhist Wushu is the most representative of China Wushu. The origin and reproduction of Shaolin Wushu are deeply influenced by Zen. As Mao Xiong, a Japanese Buddhist historian, said, "There are Zen thoughts and practices behind China's martial arts." The influence of Zen thought on Shaolin Wushu is various, which is generally manifested in the central idea of Shaolin Boxing, the inner cultivation of boxing, the purpose and discipline of Wushu, and martial arts morality. The excellent kung fu in Shaolin Wushu's internal strength, which pays attention to nourishing qi and adjusting heart, is beyond deification and is based on the persistence of mind. "The Secret of Shaolin Boxing" said: "Excellent martial arts can only be lively and calm with a little Zen. The so-called transcendence is like a foreigner. " Shaolin Temple boxing score points out: "It is better to reach the body than to reach the body, and it is better to reach the heart. Take the hearts of the people first, and then set an example. " If you are sure to go out, your heart will move, and then everything will follow. Shaolin Temple boxing score also said: "Ears and hearts are more beneficial, eyes and hearts are clearer, mouth and heart are braver, nose and heart are stronger, hands and heart are faster." "The five elements are integrated into one god, and the heart is full of vitality", or the role of the heart is emphasized.
There are two theories of internal cultivation: nourishing qi and refining qi. The exercise rules of nourishing qi all come from Zen; Gas refining pays attention to posture, pranayama and luck. It is a kind of martial arts internal qigong that absorbs Taoism and folk qigong on the basis of Zen Buddhism. The realm of internal cultivation taught by Shaolin Sect can be divided into three periods. Take Kung Fu as an example. It is characterized by mental harmony and internal movement, regulating breath and dirty work. The purpose is to enter silence as soon as possible, lead the spirit with the heart, make the spirit follow, and make the spirit move in the viscera and meridians, so as to get rid of illness and strengthen the body, prolong life and lay a solid foundation for boxing. China Kung Fu is characterized by combining rigidity with softness, combining movement with movement, and concentrating on invigorating qi. Success can serve the spirit of God, and the spirit of God can circulate all over the body, not afraid of punching and kicking, and can also enhance the attack power of his fists and feet. Excellent kung fu is the highest realm of Shaolin's internal strength, which is characterized by both rigidity and softness. It combines rigidity with softness, which is changeable and unpredictable.
Shaolin Wushu originated from Buddhism, so it can't help but be influenced by the purpose of Buddhism's mercy and prohibition of killing. It is emphasized that the purpose of practicing martial arts is to exercise, self-defense and riot prevention, and it is strictly forbidden to rely on art to use it indiscriminately and be aggressive and ruthless. The origin of Shaolin Temple's martial arts is extremely cautious. If it is passed on to lay disciples, it must be a person with good skills and good moral character.
Buddhist Wushu, based on Neijia Boxing and aiming at strengthening qi and strength, is the technique of strengthening the body and the foundation of defeating the enemy. It is recorded in Yijin Jing and Shui Mu Jing that Buddhist martial arts emphasize the training of the mind and take meditation as the law of cultivating the mind. The purpose and discipline of its martial arts are inseparable from the pursuit of martial arts. Therefore, Buddhist culture is closely related to the emergence and development of China Wushu. To sum up, Buddhist meditation and self-cultivation methods, as well as the philosophical thoughts centered on religious qigong or yoga practice, have played an inestimable role in the health care of Buddhism and the development of martial arts.
Thirdly, the enlightenment and reference of some philosophical viewpoints in Buddhist culture to modern sports in China.
Modern sports in China gradually integrated into the world sports stage, and at the same time enriched and developed the world sports culture. Modern China sports has become an important force in world sports. The results of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games are the best proof. With the rapid development of modern sports and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, while watching professional competitive sports, people have higher and higher requirements for mass sports, physical fitness and sports entertainment that they can participate in, but the methods of physical and mental cultivation are far from meeting the needs of contemporary people. Some cultivation methods in Buddhist culture have important enlightenment and reference significance for the development of modern sports in China.
(1) The spiritual cultivation of Buddhism and the methods to solve physical and mental problems are of great enlightenment to modern health education.
Anxiety and impatience are the main causes of illness and death. Therefore, the method of peace of mind is the first key to health. The heart can take the initiative in anything. Calm mind means harmony of qi, while smooth blood will do. If the blood is unobstructed, it will be full of vitality and vitality. People who are full of vigor and vitality will have strong internal resistance and the disease will cure itself. Therefore, the treatment should be based on the heart.
The highest realm of traditional Chinese medicine is health preservation, and the highest realm of health preservation is nourishing the heart. Because of this, there is a saying that "corporal fitness, sergeant fitness, staff sergeant fitness". The same is true of people: it is better to look at the spirit than the face, and it is better to look at the spirit than the heart. Peace of mind, patients believe in firmness and professionalism, and two hearts are one, which can cure all diseases without magical effect. Overworked people are tired and prosperous, and fatigue means that the heart is too full and empty. If the heart is full, it will not receive liver (wood) fire, and if the heart does not receive liver fire, liver qi will accumulate and flourish. Liver weakness, spleen and stomach diseases, indigestion, malnutrition, restless sleep at night. Soil can also resist water, so kidney water is greatly insufficient. When water is insufficient, the fire is stronger, the heart and kidney are connected, the heart is weaker, and lung disease becomes. Correlate with each other, keep moving, and suddenly get sick. Disturbers are stupid, so the cure lies in calming their hearts, calming their hearts, calming their hearts, knowing their hearts means knowing themselves, and the effect of health care lies in peace of mind. All careers in life are based on spirit, and the strength of mental decline depends on the peace of mind. A messy word is enough to hinder all work.
The word "chaos" is the most taboo in practice. When the mind is disturbed, it can disturb things outside and "blood gas" inside, making it abnormal. All "annoyance, anger, fear, fear, joy, worry, confusion and doubt" are manifestations of disorder and are the root of many diseases and short lives. Don't be confused not only when you are recovering from illness, but also at ordinary times.
When people are sick, the most taboo is resentment (note: resentment refers to the psychology of hatred, resentment and harm to others. Anger is one of the fundamental troubles in Buddhism, and it is also called "three poisons" with greed and stupidity. At this time, you must accept it frankly and let your heart settle down. Then recuperate slowly, and your body will recover soon. Peace of mind can lead to qi shun, and qi shun can cure diseases. Otherwise, you will be impatient, your liver qi will be damaged, and your condition will get worse. If the mentality is peaceful, the whole body's blood gas can be fully exerted.
Modern medicine shows that diseases are caused by the mind, that is to say, diseases are mostly caused by people's psychological problems. As far as body and mind are concerned, Buddhism pays more attention to the cultivation of mind and nature. Buddhist culture believes that if the body suffers from diseases, it is impossible for the body to be healthy, and how can the mind be freed? Therefore, it advocates that physical exercise should develop naturally in the whole process of spiritual cultivation, so it emphasizes that spiritual cultivation is the key to completely solve physical diseases. Get rid of distractions, let the mind fly, adopt a "middle way" lifestyle, let the body return to the original natural state of human nature, and promote physical and mental health. .
(2) The form of health preservation based on Zen practice in Buddhism provides a good way for modern people to pursue health and longevity.
The World Health Organization's definition of health focuses on physical and mental health, that is, human health is the unity of physical and mental health. Modern sports can't just regard health as physical activity and ignore psychological exercise. Buddhist meditation is the main form of health preservation, that is, through meditation, the inner finger regulates the respiratory system and nervous system, promotes the basic metabolism of the body, thus realizing the regulation mechanism, thus changing the functions of various functional organs of the body and promoting human health.
Meditation is a precious heritage inherited from Buddhism in China's traditional health preservation. Through meditation, the balance of Yin and Yang and Yang Can, the channels and collaterals are dredged, and the qi and blood are unblocked, so as to achieve the purpose of prolonging life. Buddhists believe that people's emotional fluctuations and endless thoughts destroy the balance of yin and yang in the human body to a great extent, thus interfering with the physiological body. Therefore, we should meditate in meditation, constantly meditate, strive to be clean, eliminate distractions and stabilize our emotions. Secondly, meditation can reduce human metabolism and objectively reduce human exercise consumption, thus prolonging human life. Meditation can clear your mind and improve your health, which is an important way to cultivate your self-cultivation.
Therefore, the Buddhist thought of Zen cultivation provides a good way to promote the perfect state of modern people's physical and mental health.
(3) The doctrine of "the middle way" and its "asceticism" in Buddhist thought have important enlightenment for promoting the formation and perfection of people's healthy psychology.
Buddhism opposes excessive indulgence and asceticism at the same time. Buddhist culture believes that hedonism and greed are not conducive to health, will seriously damage the body and mind, and is extremely unfavorable to personal psychological development. Buddhism advocates: life is simple rather than sleepy, simple rather than hard, to be quiet and satisfied, to strengthen spiritual cultivation, to eliminate desires, to return to the original natural state of human nature, and to maintain a normal heart in the face of material interests and honors. In the market economy environment of modern China, stimulated by money and power, and instigated by greed, athletes have made behaviors that violate the ethics of professional sports and competitive sports, seriously damaging the purity of sports, distorting athletes' hearts, which is not conducive to the development of modern sports and athletes' personal mental health. Therefore, the "middle way" and "asceticism" of Buddhism are of great significance to standardize and promote the healthy development of sports.
(4) Some viewpoints in Buddhist culture are of great guiding significance to sports.
Buddhist means of health preservation is the object of popular sports nowadays. At the same time, some philosophical thoughts in Buddhist culture, such as karma and origin theory, have gradually attracted the attention of Chinese and foreign experts and scholars. The philosophical view of Buddhism's "origin theory" holds that "all phases are illusory." Instruct everyone not to cling to the body, and only when they can bear it can they get rid of their troubles. Our body is the body, so don't be too attached to the development of the body. Excessive and overloaded exercise sometimes backfires. The rapid development of modern society has also brought many troubles to modern people, and the pressure of work and life is increasing, so they can vent their unhappiness through physical exercise. This is understandable, but they can't blindly and excessively consume their bodies according to the rules of exercise, which will get twice the result with half the effort, and haste makes waste. So there are still many blind spots in modern mass sports. People are eager for success when they do physical exercise without following the rules, which sometimes hurts their body and mind. Therefore, people should be inspired by Buddhist culture and know how to do things according to the "middle way".
(5) Buddhist practice is conducive to shaping sports people.
From the perspective of ethics and behavior, the practice of Buddhism with "abstinence, determination and wisdom" as the key link is itself a complete system of moral cultivation and behavior self-discipline. Buddhism requires practitioners to consciously restrain their "body, mouth and heart" based on abstinence and certain religious precepts. This Buddhist thought of "abstinence, determination and wisdom" can be applied. Behavior is rational, has a high degree of self-control, strong self-shaping ability, and has the power to control itself, so that behavior conforms to the ethical norms of the society. It has a good inhibitory effect on regulating athletes' excessive behavior, excessive pursuit of fame and fortune and violation of sports ethics. The role of Buddhist culture in educating modern people is enormous, and its role in promoting and perfecting modern people is also very obvious.