Lead: Tea is a traditional popular drink in Japan, with an average of 8 people drinking tea per 10. During the Tang Dynasty, Japanese monks studied in Tiantai Mountain, Zhejiang Province. After returning to China, they not only brought Tiantai Sect to Japan, but also brought tea seeds to Hiei Mountain in Kyoto. Later, Shang Rong also studied Buddhism and tea art in Tiantai Mountain, and wrote the famous "Eating Tea for Health", which recorded the process of making and ordering tea popular in Jiangsu and Zhejiang during the Southern Song Dynasty, and was known as the "tea ancestor" of Japan. After that, monks studying abroad brought back camellia seeds and planted them in Shizuoka Prefecture, their hometown, and the tea wind began to spread.
Nobunaga and Toyotomi Hideyoshi initiated the cause of unifying the whole country, which was finally completed by his successor Tokugawa Ieyasu. In 1603, Tokugawa Ieyasu established a shogunate in edo, which lasted for more than 260 years until the Meiji Restoration in 1868.
After Mori Noriky was forced to commit suicide, his second son Shao An continued to revive the tea ceremony in Li Xiu. Qian Zongdan, the son of Shao 'an, inherited his father's legacy, served as an official all his life and devoted himself to tea ceremony. After Zongdan's death, his third son, Jiang Cenzong Zuo, inherited his teahouse and opened a thousand schools.
His fourth son, Xian Sao's imperial clan, inherited the teahouse today's temple in retirement and opened thousands of schools. His second son, Weng Zongshou, founded Guan Anxiu in Mushahaoji, Kyoto, and started the tea ceremony in Bushido school. This is called three thousand. For 400 years, 3,000 years has been the pillar and center of Japanese tea ceremony.
Li Xiu's tea ceremony was not only 3,000, but also inherited by his seven disciples. They are: Pusheng Township, Hosokawa Miyake, Saida Sweep Department, Shan Zhi Jianwu, Gaoshan Eugene, Kimura Furniture Department and Gutian Weaving Department, known as the "Seven Philosophers of Li Xiu".
Among them, Gutian Weaving Department (1544- 16 15) is an accomplished tea man who transformed the ordinary tea method in Li Xiu into a samurai tea method. There are many disciples in Gutian Weaving Department, the most outstanding one is Xiao Duizhou (1579- 1647). Yuanzhou with a small mouth is a versatile tea man. He designed and built many tea rooms in his life, among which the highest representative of Japanese garden art-Guili Palace is called.
Pian Shizhou (1605- 1673) took over from Zheng Xiaoyuanzhou as the tea ceremony teacher of the fourth generation general of the Edo shogunate, and he made specific regulations on the samurai tea ceremony. Zhou Shi tea ceremony was very popular at that time, and there were successors. Among them, Songping Bumei (1751-1818) and Jingzhishu (18 15- 1860) are famous.
After Morino's death, his descendants and disciples respectively inherited his tea ceremony, which has formed many schools in the past 400 years. Mainly include: Li Ganjia School, Exterior Ganjia School, Mushahao School, Yuanzhou School, Yanei School, Zongpian School, Song Wei School, Weaving School, Yongxuan School, Cloth Aesthetics School, etc.
Japanese tea ceremony, also known as matcha road, is the mainstream of Japanese tea ceremony. It was founded by Zhuguang Murata, developed by Takeno Boys, and spread to Keno. Matcha Tea Ceremony was formed under the influence of Song and Yuan Tea Ceremony. When Japanese Matcha Road was formed, it was also the time when China Tea Road was formed and popular. Under the influence of China's tea ceremony in Ming and Qing Dynasties, Japanese tea people took an examination of some etiquette norms of Matcha Road and formed what the Japanese called "Fried Tea Ceremony".
Yuan Yin Qi Long (1592- 1673), a China monk who is recognized as the "ancestor of frying tea ceremony", introduced the pot-making tea art popular in China at that time to Japan. Through the efforts of "the ancestor of the revival of fried tea ceremony" selling carbon Weng Chai Shanyuan Zhao (1675- 1763), fried tea ceremony has gained a firm foothold in Japan. Later, He Weng in Tanaka and Nana Ogawa in Jinke established the status of fried tea as a tea ceremony.
The edo period was the glorious period of Japanese tea ceremony. After Japan absorbed and digested China tea culture, it finally formed Japanese matcha and fried tea ceremony with its own national characteristics. Japanese tea ceremony originated from China tea ceremony, but developed China tea ceremony.
Modern Times
Japan's modernization refers to the period since the Meiji Restoration in 1868. After reaching its peak in Antu, Taoshan and Edo, Japanese tea declined in the early Meiji Restoration, but soon entered a period of stable development. Since 1980s, there have been frequent tea culture exchanges between China and Japan. On the other hand, mainly Japanese tea culture returned to China.
Many schools of Japanese tea ceremony go to China to communicate. In terms of Japanese tea ceremony, Sen Soshitsu led Japanese tea ceremony delegations to visit China for many times. When he visited China for the100th time, he met with Sen Soshitsu in the Great Hall of the People. Sen Soshitsu took this paper "The Historical Significance of Japanese Tea Ceremony" and obtained a doctorate in philosophy from Nankai University.
Japanese tea ceremony artist Dan Liu Yueyuan and Xia Dan Yueming visited and performed in China many times. Japanese contemporary famous tea culture scholars Bumu Chaofeng and Kurazawa Hangyang not only have a profound study of China tea culture, but also made a field trip to China. In April, 20001,President Wang and Secretary General Mako Fujii of China Tea Association went to China Institute of Tea Culture of Anhui Agricultural University for tea culture exchange.
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