According to the data of the seventh national census, in 2020, the number of elderly people aged 65 and over in China will reach 65.438+0.9 billion, accounting for 654.38+0.3% of the total population.

In 20021year, the proportion of people aged 65 and over in China has exceeded 14%, and the aging rate in China has exceeded expectations.

According to international standards, China has entered a moderate aging stage.

The improvement of the aging level not only means the increase of the elderly population, but also brings a series of problems, the most serious of which is the problem of providing for the elderly.

The key and difficult point of providing for the aged in China lies in the countryside.

Why the countryside?

According to the data of the seventh census, although the proportion of rural population has dropped sharply, the vast majority of people who remain in rural areas are elderly people, and this proportion is particularly prominent.

In other words, the degree of aging in rural areas is much higher than that in cities, and rural areas are the weakest link in providing for the aged.

Generally speaking, when it comes to providing for the aged, you will face an important question: what to support?

That is, with the increase of age, physical function declines and the labor force weakens obviously. At this time, it is necessary to make a living by other means.

For example, deposits, that is, the "capital" that the elderly often say, child support and pensions.

But these three things are very difficult in rural areas.

For example, the income of the elderly who have been farming for a lifetime is not high, and it is difficult to have any savings. In addition, with the development of urbanization, children settle down in cities to buy houses, and their parents' savings for most of their lives are basically used to support their children, and their own "capital" is very small.

In the past, people often said that "raising children to prevent old age", but now this concept is getting weaker and weaker.

On the one hand, many children are under great pressure, old and young, and they are all worried; On the other hand, children often go to towns or big cities to work for their livelihood, and they can't take care of the elderly all the year round.

When it comes to pensions, the gap between rural and urban pensions is even greater.

For a long time in the past, due to historical reasons, rural areas did not pay endowment insurance, so there was no so-called retirement, or there was no pension when they were old.

Later, the pension system was reformed, and the state gave basic pensions to rural elderly people over 60 years old. However, this standard is not uniform everywhere, and it is relatively high in big cities, with only one or two hundred yuan in most areas.

At the current price level, it is obvious that this one or two hundred dollars is really a drop in the bucket.

And I think this is also the original intention of the representative proposal.

At this year's two sessions, Pei Chunliang, a deputy to the National People's Congress, suggested implementing the policy of providing for the aged without distinction between urban and rural areas, vigorously promoting the culture of filial piety, and improving the social welfare mechanism of respecting the elderly.

For example, improve the community and rural old-age care mechanism, regularly provide free physical examination for the elderly, and provide mental health and health care services.

In addition, we should pay more attention to empty nesters and elderly people who have lost their independence, and provide basic emergency facilities for the elderly at home.

The most important one is that the pension for the elderly in rural areas has been greatly improved, which has attracted many people's collections.

Compared with the increase of urban pensions in the past ten years, the voice of the elderly in rural areas who have more difficulties in life is getting louder and louder.

So, how much is reasonable?

Deputy Pei said that as far as the current living standard is concerned, the rural elderly can guarantee a basic living by subsidizing 800 yuan every month.

Of course, this is not a fixed number. Generally speaking, it is about 50%-60% of the local average wage, which I think is more reasonable.

But this issue has also caused a lot of controversy.

For example, some people think that farmers don't have pensions because they don't pay old-age insurance, and it is obviously unreasonable to raise pensions substantially.

However, this is mainly due to the historical era. Over the past 40 years of reform and opening up, China has rapidly accumulated industrial development capital by relying on "agriculture feeding industry" and "rural supporting cities" and using the scissors difference of agricultural products, which is the silent contribution of farmers.

On the other hand, China has an interest compensation mechanism for grain subsidies, that is, the income from farming is far less than that of other industries, but in order to ensure food security, interest compensation is implemented for large planting provinces and growers.

In the past decades of reform and opening up, farmers' contributions can also be regarded as compensation for pension income.

Another question is, if so, where should this money come from?

Some experts have suggested that it can be paid from agricultural subsidies.

Every year, the amount of state subsidies for agriculture, rural areas and farmers is very large, but in fact, these subsidies are not paid in full every year, so those funds that have no practical effect can be used to pay rural elderly people over 60 years old.

This suggestion is to the point. After all, this money is not a small amount, and if it is allocated financially, the pressure is not small.

Although this is only the suggestion of representatives and experts, it also reflects everyone's collection and concern about the three rural issues. It is indeed time to put rural old-age care on the agenda.

In the development of agriculture, rural areas and farmers, farmers are the core, so it is social justice and our wish to provide every parent with a sense of security.

For more agricultural hotspots, welcome to collect "new agricultural concepts".