On Traditional Chinese Medicine and Qigong

The concept of Qi and the change of Qi in TCM are of guiding significance to the theory and practice of Qigong. It is necessary to organize the use of Chinese medicine theory to guide qigong and academics. Promoting the guiding position of traditional Chinese medicine to Qigong is helpful to standardize the terminology and clinical technical norms of Qigong.

Qigong; Keywords; Chinese medicine; Internal culture

The discussion of Qi in TCM is authoritative and practical. After thousands of years of rigorous practice in clinical application, TCM's understanding of qi is helpful to qigong practice and guide patients to practice effectively to strengthen their health and eliminate diseases. Traditionally, the explanation of Qigong tends to use Buddhist and Taoist terms, while the use of TCM terms is helpful to deepen the standardization of Qigong terms and medical operations and is easily accepted.

"Nothing is indifferent, the true qi follows, the spirit is hidden inside, and the disease is always safe." In the ancient naive Su Wen Huangdi Neijing, it is said that the calmness of subjective mental factors will make qi flow smoothly and return to the original natural state, and mental internal defense plays an important role in preventing diseases.

1 About Qi: What is Qi?

Qi is a kind of fine substance which is constantly moving and has strong vitality, and has the characteristics of matter, energy and information. Qi comes from:

1. 1 innate nature: that is, influenced by parents' innate endowment. Its physiological function depends on the physiological function of kidney storing sperm;

1.2 Shui Gu essence: namely, nutrients obtained by spleen and stomach transport after draught;

1.3 Inhaled clean air: that is, natural clean air inhaled by the lungs.

Among them, the innate essence lays the overall foundation, and the acquired qi supplements and nourishes the innate qi to make it endless, endless and endless. Shui Gu's essence and the fresh air of nature inhaled by the lungs converge in the chest to form the ancestral qi, which can help the heart breathe, penetrate the heart pulse and promote blood circulation. The operation of breathing and painstaking efforts directly affects the operation of qi and blood, which can be seen in qigong.

2 gas distribution and classification

According to different components, functions and sources, gases can be divided into the following three categories.

2. 1 primordial energy: primordial energy, also known as "primordial energy" and "true qi", is the most basic and important qi of human body and the driving force of human life activities. The primordial qi is mainly produced by the innate essence hidden in the kidney, and is constantly supplemented and cultivated by the essence of Tianshui Valley in later generations. The primordial qi starts from the kidney, circulates around the body through triple energizer, reaches the internal organs and external skin, and is everywhere. The main function of primordial qi is to promote the growth and development of human body, and to warm and stimulate the physiological activities of organs, channels and collaterals. Therefore, vitality is the most basic substance to maintain human life activities. When the body is full of vitality, the vitality of organs such as viscera and meridians will be vigorous; On the contrary, it will cause various diseases because of Yuan Qi's failure.

In qigong practice, the dynamic function can adjust qi and promote the spread of triple energizer. Static kung fu and purposeful abdomen-keeping have the function of warming vitality, and the combination of static and dynamic in practice achieves the perfect acrobatic effect.

2.2 Zongqi: Zongqi is the qi accumulated in the chest and belongs to the category of acquired qi. It is produced by the combination of the clear qi inhaled by the lung and the essence of Shui Gu transported by the spleen and stomach. Therefore, the respiratory function of the lung and the transport function of the spleen and stomach are directly related to the rise and fall of the clan spirit. The place where the clan spirit accumulates in the chest is called "Qi Hai", also called Zhongshan.

The main function of clan spirit is manifested in two aspects: one is to take the airway to breathe. The strength of language, voice and breath is related to the rise and fall of clan spirit. The second is to focus on the heart pulse and promote qi and blood. The movement of qi and blood, the temperature and activity of limbs, audio-visual ability, the strength and rhythm of heart beating, etc. Are related to the rise and fall of clan spirit. If the ancestral spirit is insufficient, clinical symptoms such as deep voice, weak breathing and weak pulse can be seen.

The on-off adjustment of breathing is helpful to the generation and operation of ancestral qi, improve the operation of qi and blood, and strengthen the function of heart and lung. Heart and blood, lung governing qi, are the canopy of viscera and complement officials. The improvement of cardiopulmonary function is very important for the prevention and treatment of diseases. It is not surprising that practicing qigong can't help breathing to improve the qi and blood state of the whole body.

2.3 Nourishing qi: Nourishing qi is the qi that runs in the pulse and has nutritional function, which is mainly produced by the spleen and stomach transporting the essence of Shui Gu. Because of its rich nutrition, it runs endlessly in the pulse, so it is called ying qi. Qi Ying is an important part of blood, which is closely related and inseparable, so it is often called "Xue Ying". Qi Ying and Wei Qi are relatively Yin, so they are also called "Ying Yin".

Qi Ying's physiological functions are mainly manifested in two aspects: nutrition and metaplasia. The essence of Shui Gu's essence is the main component of Qi Ying, which is a necessary nutrient for physiological functions such as viscera and meridians, and also a part of blood.

2.4 Wei Qi: Wei Qi's functions are mainly manifested in three aspects: defense, warmth and regulation, including guarding the muscle surface and defending against the invasion of foreign evils; Warming viscera, muscles and fur; Adjust and control the opening and closing of sweat pores and the excretion of sweat to maintain the constant body temperature.

The first choice of qigong exercises to regulate the spleen and stomach function has been confirmed in early scientific research and clinical practice.

3 Function of Qi

As the basic substance of human life activities, Qi's physiological functions mainly include the following five aspects.

3. 1 promotion: the promotion of qi means that qi can be stimulated and promoted. Qi is a fine substance with strong function, which can stimulate and promote the reproduction, growth and development of human body, as well as the physiological functions of organs such as viscera and meridians. Promote the circulation of menstrual qi and blood, as well as the generation, distribution and excretion of body fluids.

3.2 Warming effect: refers to the heat generated by gas gasification, which warms human body and drives away cold. Qi maintains and regulates the normal body temperature of the human body, ensures the physiological activities of various organs, tissues and meridians of the human body, and makes blood and body fluids always run normally without stagnation.

3.3 Defensive function: As Su Wen's Acupuncture Theory says, "Healthy qi should be kept inside, and evil should not be done." It means that qi has the function of protecting the muscle surface of the whole body and preventing the invasion of foreign pathogens. On the one hand, qi can protect the muscle surface and prevent the invasion of exogenous pathogens; On the other hand, according to the theory of "Qi is deficient when evil forces gather" (Fever Theory), Qi can also resist the invading evil forces to drive them away.

3.4 fixation: the fixation of qi mainly means that qi can keep the position of stomach, kidney, uterus, large intestine and other organs relatively stable; Control blood to prevent it from overflowing the pulse; Control and regulate the secretion and excretion of sweat, urine and saliva to prevent the loss of body fluids; Store semen to prevent spermatorrhea from slipping.

3.5 Gasification: Gasification refers to various physiological effects produced by the movement of qi, and the gasification process is a process of material transformation and energy transformation. Reflected in the metabolism and mutual transformation of essence, qi, blood and body fluid. For example, food is transformed into Shui Gu essence, and then into qi, blood and body fluid. Body fluids are metabolized into sweat and urine.

The functions of Qi cooperate with each other and serve each other, maintaining the normal physiological activities of human body. For example, gas lifting and solid gas complement each other. On the one hand, qi promotes the operation of blood and the transmission and excretion of body fluid; On the other hand, Qi controls and regulates the secretion, operation and excretion of blood and body fluids. Promotion and fixed coordination enable normal functional activities to be maintained. 4 Qi: the movement form of Qi

The movement of qi is the movement of qi. The basic forms of qi movement include ascending, descending, exiting and entering, and are embodied in the physiological activities of viscera, meridians, tissues and organs. The qi of human body is popular in all organs, meridians and other tissues and organs of the whole body, which promotes and stimulates various physiological activities of human body, so the function of qi is realized by circulating qi. Ascending and descending, going out and entering, rising and descending and entering serve each other and complement each other on the contrary, completing the gasification process inside the human body and between it and the external environment. Those who ascend will ascend their yang, those who descend will descend their yin, those who leave will spit out their reasons, and those who enter will accept their new ones. Rise and fall is the basic process of biological life activities, which exists in the whole life process and is a high generalization of the law of life. In the five internal organs, the position of the heart and lung is superior, and the upper position should be descending; Liver and kidney are in the lower position, and the lower position should rise; The spleen and stomach are located in the middle, connecting the preceding with the following, and are the hinge of ascending and descending. If the lungs exhale, the lungs inhale, the lungs declare an increase, and the lungs descend to a decrease. The six fu organs spread chemicals instead of hiding them, and use them to communicate to make them smooth. In order to maintain normal physiological activities, the rise and fall of qi should be coordinated and balanced.

Qi disorder, also known as qi disorder, is a disorder of qi, which affects normal physiological functions and forms diseases. In the process of disease occurrence and development, due to the role of pathogenic factors, the movement of qi in the human body is disordered, leading to the pathological state of qi stagnation, qi inversion, qi depression, qi closure and qi loss in the body.

Qi disease is a generalization of the disorder of human physiological functions and their interrelations, and it is also an internal manifestation of the occurrence, development, change and prognosis of diseases.

4. 1 gas stagnation

"Stagnation" means blocking, blocking. Qi stagnation refers to the pathological state of qi stagnation and obstruction.

The occurrence of qi stagnation is mostly related to emotional disorder, phlegm dampness, water dampness, food stagnation, blood stasis, stones and other blockages. Due to the above factors, it affects the operation of local or systemic qi, leading to qi stagnation, which may lead to fullness and pain. "Qi circulation leads to blood circulation, and qi stagnation leads to blood stasis", so qi stagnation can lead to blood circulation stagnation and form blood stasis. If qi stagnation leads to stagnation of water and dampness, phlegm can be formed.

Qi stagnation can also lead to some visceral dysfunction, such as lung qi, liver qi, spleen and stomach qi stagnation, which is manifested as abdominal distension and pain, intermittent stopping, relieving qi and belching, and failing to dissolve the valley.

4.2 qi inversion

"Anti" means disobedience, disobedience. Qi-adverse refers to the abnormal rise and fall of qi in the body, which rises too much when it rises, or is unfavorable when it falls. The occurrence of pathogenic factors is mostly caused by emotional internal injury, improper eating and drinking, excessive phlegm and invasion of external pathogens, which is closely related to the liver, lungs, stomach and other viscera. Because the liver dominates the depression, the depression is too high, and the liver qi is flushed, symptoms such as headache, abdominal distension, red eyes, irritability and irritability can be seen, and even blood goes against the qi, resulting in hemoptysis, vomiting blood, stroke and fainting. Because the lung dominates the descending, the lung loses descending and the lung qi goes up, there are symptoms such as cough, asthma and phlegm. When the stomach dominates the descending, the stomach loses balance and descends, and the stomach qi goes up, but it shows symptoms such as vomiting, belching, nausea and abdominal distension.

4.3 air trap

"sleepy" means weak and not enough. Qi stagnation refers to the pathological state characterized by qi deficiency, in which qi cannot rise and cannot be lifted. The occurrence of qi depression is often caused by physical weakness, long illness, fatigue or mental fatigue. Emphysema mostly occurs in the spleen, so it is also called "stagnation of middle qi" Spleen governs ascending qi. On the one hand, ascending the valley is more subtle than clearing the orifices on the head. On the other hand, ascending qi maintains the position of the internal organs of the human body relatively constant. Therefore, in the case of qi deficiency and inability to lift, it can lead to dizziness, dizziness, tinnitus and other symptoms. It is also possible that the maintenance of viscera and organs is weak, resulting in some viscera sagging, such as gastroptosis, uterine prolapse, proctoptosis and so on. You can also see symptoms such as abdominal distension, abdominal distension, heavy fall and frequent defecation. In addition, due to the development of qi deficiency, clinical symptoms of qi deficiency such as fatigue, shortness of breath, low voice, shortness of breath, dull complexion and weak pulse are common.

4.4 air lock

"Closed" means closed and cannot be expressed externally. Qi stagnation refers to the pathological state of sudden syncope due to the obstruction of qi's entry and exit, qi's inability to reach the outside and stagnation in the inside. Qi stagnation is mostly caused by emotional stimulation, or by phlegm, exogenous pathogens, and dirty gas blocking the machine of forgiveness. Its occurrence can be caused by exogenous cold pathogen, binding to muscle surface, depressed yang without sweating, dirty and turbid qi, excessive heat in the process of exogenous fever, and sudden great mental stimulation. Clinically, due to qi stagnation, it can be confined to the chest and clear the orifices, which is manifested as sudden fainting and unconsciousness; Yang Qi is depressed inside, but not outside, so you can see cold limbs, cramps, clenched fists and gritted teeth; When the lung qi is stagnant and the airway is blocked, it can be seen that breathing is difficult, breathing is short, the nose is flapping, and the face and lips are blue; When qi is confined in the bowels, when you see two stools, it will be blocked.

4.5 stripping

"Take off" means to fall off without being shut in. Qi deficiency refers to the pathological state that qi can't be hidden inside, but a large number of qi escapes outside, which leads to serious qi deficiency and sudden failure of function. The loss of qi is mostly due to improper evil, sudden injury of healthy qi, or long-term continuous loss of righteousness, so that qi is not kept inside and lost outside; Or due to massive bleeding, sweating, vomiting and diarrhea. Qi is excreted with blood or body fluids. Clinically, due to the loss of qi, the viscera function suddenly fails, and there are often crises such as pallor, sweating, eye closure, cold hands and feet, and slightly heartbroken pulse.

5 the influence of seven emotions in etiology on qi activity

Pathogenic characteristics of seven emotions Excessive emotional activity can directly interfere with the operation of Qi, leading to qi disorder, such as anger leading to qi exuberance, shock leading to qi exuberance, fear leading to qi depression, and thinking leading to qi depression. Practicing Qigong can interfere with the operation of Qichi. If Qichi is peaceful, the body will have a chance to be repaired, thus blocking the evil spirits. The method of relaxation and rest in the primary static work of internal work, combined with the practice of relaxation and rest at the same time, can make the brain and body relax and calm at the same time, improve and improve the internal environment of the body, and make the body in a more comfortable state, get rest and warmth.

The internal injury of seven emotions directly affects its corresponding viscera, making its viscera and qi imbalance and qi and blood imbalance, leading to the occurrence of diseases.

5. 1 Direct injury to internal organs.

Different emotional stimuli will damage the corresponding internal organs. Because the human body is an organic whole centered on the five internal organs, and the heart is the commander-in-chief of the five internal organs, which dominates people's psychological and emotional activities. Therefore, the seven emotions can damage the heart and affect other viscera, and play a leading role in the pathogenic center of the seven emotions. In addition, the heart governs blood storage, the liver governs blood discharge, and the spleen governs transportation and transformation into the source of qi and blood biochemistry, which is also the hub of qi-flowing. Therefore, the imbalance of heart, liver and spleen is the most common cause. If you are overjoyed, frightened and worried, you will be sad, which will cause anxiety, palpitation, insomnia, forgetfulness and even mental disorder. Depression and anger hurt the liver, and the liver qi stagnates, which is manifested as bilateral swelling and pain, excessive breathing or obstruction of foreign bodies in the pharynx; Women can see irregular menstruation, dysmenorrhea and amenorrhea. Uprush of liver qi causes vomiting blood, blushing and syncope. Thinking about the spleen is sad, and the spleen loses its health, showing symptoms such as loss of appetite, abdominal distension and loose stool. If you think hard, it will not only damage the heart and spleen, but also lead to deficiency of both heart and spleen, and at the same time, the above-mentioned symptoms of irritability and spleen loss of health will appear.

5.2 affecting viscera and qi activity

The direct damage of seven emotions to the five zang-fu organs is mainly the influence of zang-fu organs and qi-flowing, and the disorder of qi and blood circulation. Su Wen's Theory of Great Pain said: "Anger is anger, joy is anger, sadness is anger, fear is anger, shock is anger, and thinking is anger." Anger leads to qi rising, which leads to liver qi rushing up and blood rushing up with qi. When you see a sore head, red eyes or hematemesis, you may even faint and fall down. Happiness leads to slow breathing in two ways. First of all, it can relieve mental stress and is good for health. Second, excessive euphoria can lead to distraction, distraction, inattention and even insanity. Worry leads to the elimination of qi, while excessive worry leads to lung qi depression, depression, shortness of breath, low voice, fatigue and listlessness. Fear leads to qi failure, excessive fear makes kidney qi unstable, causes qi to drain, frequent drowning, excessive urination or incontinence, and even pale face, fainting and nocturnal emission. When you are shocked, you will be angry, and suddenly you will be frightened, which will damage your heart and make you feel helpless, and there will be no recovery, palpitations and panic. Thinking leads to qi stagnation, overthinking, mental injury and spleen damage, which leads to qi stagnation and spleen transport weakness, such as loss of appetite, abdominal distension and loose stool.

5.3 The change of seven emotions can directly affect the development of diseases.

Emotional fluctuation can aggravate or sharply worsen the condition, such as hyperactivity of liver yang syndrome, which can induce stroke and hemiplegia. At this time, for the adjustment of emotions, using Qigong to adjust the spirit can make patients in a quiet and happy state, which can be avoided and blocked.

6 qigong intervention on qi activity

In qigong practice, regulating the mind is to replace and block the invasion of bad emotions with reasonable benign ideas, so as to achieve the purpose of treating diseases and seeking roots.

Dynamic exercises can adjust the body's qi. In traditional Chinese medicine, dynamic exercises are also related to storing blood, strengthening tendons and regulating qi.

Qigong can regulate the body and mind in an orderly way through the reasonable practice of three tones, which can soothe the nerves, nourish qi, promote qi and blood circulation, relax tendons and activate collaterals, and achieve the purpose of fitness and disease elimination. Internal skills, wuqinxi, baduanjin and other exercises. Breathing, breathing, six-character tactic and other exercises, selecting exercises based on syndrome differentiation, conform to the theoretical laws of traditional Chinese medicine, and rationally use the technology of "three adjustments and one adjustment" to guide patients to adjust their qi by combining the methods of adjusting their mind, adjusting their breath, adjusting their body, practicing exercises efficiently and safely, preserving health and eliminating diseases, and adjusting their health.

In the practice of Qigong, with the improvement of Kung Fu, natural deep abdominal breathing will be gradually formed, the function of digestive system will be improved, and the formation of Shui Gu's essence will be naturally improved. The generation of ancestral qi and qi and blood has biochemical sources. Deep and long breathing can get enough natural and fresh qi, which makes the clan qi more abundant and the qi and blood running power stronger.

In qigong practice, it is difficult to complete this technical operation in many emergencies because it is a self-regulating skill and skill. Therefore, to a certain extent, qigong practice needs to be used in the stages of slowing down and curing the problem. For qigong self-practice, the indications are mainly the recovery period of chronic diseases or diseases. In short, it is based on the premise that the patient can complete the operation by himself.

summary

Through the above contents, from physiology to etiology and pathogenesis, the discussion and practical application of qi in traditional Chinese medicine is perfect and mature, and it is also effective in clinic. Qigong, especially China Qigong or medical Qigong, how to reasonably guide patients to treat Qigong based on syndrome differentiation under the guidance of TCM theory is the main goal and direction of our research on Qigong.

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