The spleen is opposite to 9- 1 1 rib, and its long axis coincides with1rib. Spleen can be divided into smooth and convex diaphragm surface and concave dirty surface. The upper part of the dirty surface is connected with the gastric fundus, and the lower part is connected with the left kidney and left adrenal gland. Nerves and blood vessels enter and leave the spleen from the spleen portal in the center of the dirty surface. The spleen is surrounded by peritoneum except the junction with the pancreas and the portal of the spleen. Ligaments formed by peritoneal folds play a role in supporting and protecting the spleen.

Spleen accounts for 25% of all lymphoid tissues. It contains a large number of lymphocytes and macrophages. It is the center of cellular immunity and humoral immunity. The diaphragm is adjacent to the diaphragm and the left costal diaphragm sinus, the stomach is in front, the left kidney and adrenal gland are behind, and the colon and splenic groove are at the bottom.

The spleen is dark red, with sharp upper edge and 2-3 sections, and the lower edge is relatively blunt and thick. Spleen is brittle and soft, and it is easy to break after being hit hard. Adult spleen weighs about150-200 g. Under normal circumstances, the spleen is invisible, while the swollen spleen is easy to touch.

Extended data:

Function of spleen:

There are many structures called "blood sinuses" in spleen tissue. Usually some blood stays in the sinuses. When the human body loses blood, the blood sinus contracts, releasing this part of blood to the periphery to replenish blood volume. A large number of macrophages are attached to the sinus wall, which can devour aging red blood cells, pathogens and foreign bodies.

Spleen is the largest immune organ in human body, accounting for 25% of the whole lymphoid tissue. It contains a large number of lymphocytes and macrophages. It is the center of cellular immunity and humoral immunity. Play an anti-tumor role through various mechanisms. Splenectomy leads to the disorder of cellular immunity and humoral immunity, which affects the occurrence and development of tumors.

Spleen can be divided into red pulp and white pulp. The main function of red pulp is to filter and store blood, which is composed of spleen cord and blood sinus. However, because it does not contain afferent lymphatic vessels, the spleen has no function of filtering lymph. The main function of white pulp is to fight against foreign microorganisms and infections.

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