On the Baima Golden Whip levee, the Xijiang River is getting stormy day by day. Commentary: On the levee on that bank, there are young people riding white horses and holding golden whips. The sun is about to set in the west, and it is near dusk, but it is stormy on the Xijiang River. Poem title: Lianpu Ballad. Real name: Wen. Nicknames:, Wen, Wen, Wen Bajiao, Wen Ba Yin. Font size: Feiqing. Time: Tang Dynasty. Ethnic group: Han nationality. Birthplace: Qi, a native of Taiyuan (now Qixian County, Shanxi Province). Birth time: about 8 12 (or 824) years. Time of death: about 866 (or 882) years. Main works: Passing through Chen Lin's Tomb, Returning to China Ballad, He Du, Returning to China Ballad, Nu Wa Complain, etc. Main achievements: poetry creation.
We will give you a detailed introduction of "the storm in the Xijiang River is getting deeper and deeper" from the following aspects:
I. The full text of Lianpu Ballad Click here to view the details of Lianpu Ballad.
The bright radiance is rolling and the stream is melting, and the waste green smoke is Wu Yuandong.
The water is clear and the lotus is charming, and the sorrow in the mirror is redder.
On the Baima Golden Whip levee, the Xijiang River is getting stormy day by day.
Lotus seed has dew and pearls, but it is not really round and swaying.
Two. notes
Mingfu: It means sailing.
Scroll: onomatopoeic words.
Dissolution: a spectacular sight of water flow.
Wasteland: A barren green land.
Flat smoke: refers to smoke rising from the ground.
Wuyuan: Changzhou Garden, the garden of the King of Wu.
Two opposites: two opposites between a woman and a lotus flower in the water.
Mirror: refers to the clear water surface.
Golden whip: a "golden saddle".
Xijiang: People in the Tang Dynasty called the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Xijiang. This refers to a section of the Yangtze River west of Nanjing.
Lizhu: Zhu Bao. Legend comes from the mouth of the dragon, hence the name.
Swing: Swing.
Third, appreciate
Yuefu poetry began in Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. At that time, there were two departments, Taiyue and Yuefu, which were in charge of elegant music and pop music respectively. Elegant music is the joy of suburban temples, mainly used for sacrifice; Pop music is folk songs collected by Yuefu organs and the creation of some literati, which is mainly used for offering sacrifices to emperors and nobles of feudal dynasties for song and dance entertainment. Lianpu ballad belongs to pop music, but it is much more meaningful if compared with other people's lotus-picking songs in Yuefu poetry anthology.
Although there are only eight sentences in this poem, and it is only limited to the simple plot of the lotus girl rocking the boat, because the poet skillfully integrates feelings into the scene, this short eight-sentence poem has written multi-layered meanings such as feeling time, hurting oneself, cherishing others and cherishing ambition, which is gloomy and implicit and makes people sad to read.
This poem begins with the image of a lotus picker rowing a boat on the river. The word "singing radius" at the beginning stipulates that this rowing boat can only be a white wooden boat used by fishermen, not a gentle boat. People who rock the boat know that she is a beautiful and moving girl by copying the word "Mei" opposite Lianmei. However, through the typical thing of "singing", the reader's imagination is restrained, and the reader realizes that Wen has shaped a beautiful fisherman girl here. It's just that she didn't come to pick the lotus, just crossed the lotus pond. The whole poem is her thought, and the poet captured it through her eyes. In modern terms, it is "stream of consciousness".
Because the water is more open than cities and mountains, people who have been boating are almost always looking far away. So, the barren grassland on the shore naturally entered her eyes. If the "waste green smoke" does not point out that it used to be "five yuan", then the reader's imagination will lose its norm and poetry will appear hazy. The publication of "Wu Yuan" is tantamount to telling readers what she is thinking at this time. In her, it may just be a fleeting thought, but the reader's thoughts are led to an old story by her. The "Wu Yuan" is the temple of Fu Cha, the former king of Wu. Fu Cha, the king of Wu, after conquering Gou Jian, the king of Yue, became addicted to the beauty of the stone sent by Gou Jian, and gradually became corrupt, without asking about political affairs. However, Gou Jian, the King of Yue, is working hard at this time. On the contrary, it wiped out the state of Wu in one fell swoop and became a famous story in history. Therefore, from her eyes sighing "waste green smoke" and following logical thinking, readers can understand her worries about the decline of the royal family in the late Tang Dynasty.
The boat went on, sailing from the open lake to the depths of the lotus root. Her face against the lotus is reflected in the clear water. This reminds her of the scene in front of the mirror in the morning: she is not only complacent about her gorgeous youth, but also sad about the passage of time and fleeting youth. This is actually the traditional way of writing this kind of Yuefu. For example, Prince Liang Zhaoming's "Song of Picking Lotus" said: "Gui floats in clear water, and Jiang Hua meets each other." Zhu Chao said, "Look at the makeup, it hinders the shadow of the lotus. Wash your hands and be afraid of Zi Ling. " Emperor Liang Yuan said, "Lotus leaves are messy and fragrant." Li Bai said, "Rizhao's new makeup shines under the water, and the wind-scented sleeves are lifted in the air." Wang Changling even wrote in Das Kapital: "The lotus leaf skirt is cut in one color, and the hibiscus leaves two sides. I can't see it when I enter the pool. When I hear it, I feel that someone is coming. " However, Wen inherited the technique here, but it was innovative in writing. She doesn't write lotus and face purely objectively, holding an appreciation attitude, but is mixed with the sad color of the characters' psychology. The lotus in the water is actually a face in the mirror, but the lotus is charming and red. This reveals the inner world of the characters. And this kind of inner revelation, he did not use inner monologue, but mixed the poet's direct narrative. Put the spread of fragrance on the sad color of the times; This is her eyes, but this is obviously the poet's painful groan. But she is her own, and has completely forgotten herself, thus changing the temperament of Yuefu poetry. This is where Wen Ting Yun is higher than the famous artists in the past.
The next couplet, jumping thoughts, is the concrete embodiment of her sadness. On the White Horse and Golden Whip Embankment, it is clear that the right person has left; "The Xijiang River is getting stormy day by day" and is worried about his safety. This is Du Fu's way of expressing himself in Li Bai's dream: "There is water to cross, they are wild and tossing, if you fall, there are dragons and river monsters!" It is the politics of the late Tang Dynasty that is windy and rainy in the evening. When she was hurt by Fei Qing, the "white horse and golden whip" she loved was definitely not Wan's brother. That's why she was worried. In this world, people like him will have many storms on the road of life. These two sentences are off topic, but they are not off topic. If it is at arm's length, it is light and dark brushwork. She wrote her extraordinary from the depths of her spirit. This is not only a relief, but also vivid.
The ship is still in port. Then, she saw the dew on the lotus leaf, like a huge pearl, rolling on it. I don't know whether she sympathizes, despises or compares herself. She couldn't help thinking with emotion: "The lotus seed is exposed, but it is not really round and swaying." Yuefu poems are usually homophonic in expression, and the "circle" here is also the homophonic of marriage "fate". Pun intended, it's Holland, it's myself. This sentence will be remembered forever after reading it. It is so vivid, beautiful and meaningful. Dew drops into "Lotus Heart", and Lotus Heart knows that it is only "seeing" pearls, which is by no means a real good marriage. But in spite of this, it is still like a pearl, willing to be close to the lotus nut. This is the old saying: "If you know that you are not a companion, you will hurry and follow suit." Because I long for a truly round lotus nut, I can't help but "shake" my heart. The use of "fake" also dispels the infatuated desire for "truth" and writes the beautiful soul of pursuing rationality very vividly. This subtle and complicated psychological activity distorted by huge social pressure is so beautiful that people can't bear it. Lotus seed refers to her heart, but what is the real "circle" in her heart, and what is the dew that looks like pearls? These questions really make people guess.
Apart from the first sentence as a narrative of the character's appearance, these four layers can be said to be her psychological activities. Readers don't even have to ask the author's life story if they don't look for who the white horse and the golden whip are and what the storm is. However, just watching it, they also think that this is a kind and thoughtful girl, worthy of sympathy, and can't help but be tempted by her ideas. Green in the wilderness, pink lotus and mercury-like dew are all inanimate things, but the author combines them with the psychological activities of the characters and uses them to write the invisible psychology of the characters, so these have specific contents. And it is they who make her, a flesh-and-blood and active-minded person, shake the boat sadly and shake it in front of readers forever. And the grinding sound of oars is actually this boring ear, as if moaning for her.
Huang Ziyun said in his Selected Poems of Ye Hong: "Fei Qing's ancient poems are close to a mountain, with meaningless titles and absurd poems;" If you just take a reckless attitude, you can. " For an ancient poem like Wen, it is ok to say "the title is meaningless" because he used the title to play, so it doesn't matter. However, to say that "poetry is also absurd" means not knowing how to poeticize the artistic conception, which is the aesthetic value of poetry. It is also the place where poetry can transcend prose and stand out in the literary world. Its advantage is precisely that it contains "righteousness" in "posture", rather than reasoning with posture. Wen Yilu created a girl with noble sentiment through the thought of lotus pickers. She writes very tactfully and gently, and she is also very smart and affectionate. She is not only picturesque, but also lifelike, very full and infectious. After reading it, people are worried about the fate of this girl who knows that she is not really round. Because she is so vivid and touching, readers can't help thinking that this may be the article of that year. Wen was treated well by Xuanzong, but he chose the road of "escape from death" because it was not "perfect circle" I can't help feeling sorry for him after reading this couplet. Many people are only used to literal translation of Wen's poems, so he is aesthetic, formalistic and even obscene. Of course, all this is in vain. A writer's works are inseparable from his social status, political inclination, personality temperament, cultural accomplishment and aesthetic taste. If we follow this rule, we will find that the girl's psychology at this time is completely understandable, and her feelings are pinned on the poet.
Fourth, other poems of Wen
When I first traveled to Shangshan, Luoyang and Lianhua, there were many leaks and I sent people to the east. V. Translation
The bright radiance is rolling and the stream is melting, and the waste green smoke is Wu Yuandong.
Every time you row, there is a grinding sound, and the stream under the boat ripples. On the barren green field in the east of Wuyuan, smoke from cooking stoves is everywhere.
The water is clear and the lotus is charming, and the sorrow in the mirror is redder.
The water is crystal clear, the beautiful lotus stands opposite to the charming face, and the level is like a mirror. The face reddened by sadness is reflected in the clear water.
On the Baima Golden Whip levee, the Xijiang River is getting stormy day by day.
The young man is riding a white horse and holding a golden whip on the levee on the shore. The sun is about to set in the west, and it is near dusk, but the waves in the Xijiang River are very heavy.
Lotus seed has dew and pearls, but it is not really round and swaying.
Look at a drop of dew on the lotus leaf, just like a pearl. Although the dew is not really round, it is also swaying there.
Poetry of the same dynasty
Sangu's Family, Warm Dishes, Farewell to Xu Kan, Mourning Poems, Jia Dao's Tomb Inscription, Tiantai Temple Couplet, Song of Eternal Sorrow, Memory of Jiangnan, Spring Tour in Qiantang and Ode to Mujiang.
Click here to see more detailed information about Lianpu ballads.