According to Li Yubang's "A Survey of Ou Boluo's Calligraphy and Painting", the eight eccentrics are Li, Shan Li, Jin Nong, Huang Shen, Zheng Xie, Gao Xiang and Wang. In addition, Gao You, Bian Shoumin, Min Zhen, etc. Being listed as "Eight Eccentrics" in various books, opinions are very inconsistent. Today, people got the number "eight" from Li Yubang.
Zheng Banqiao's ancestors, three generations are literati, great-grandfather, Xiang was born; Grandfather Qing, a high-ranking Confucian official, father, Ang Lee, and Lin Zexu were born. Zheng Banqiao was born in a poor intellectual family. He lost his mother since childhood and was raised by his stepmother. When I was a teenager, I studied with my hometown father Lu Zhen. In my twenties, I was a scholar. In the tenth year of Yongzheng (1732), he took part in the provincial examination and was a scholar in the first year of Qianlong (1736). For seven years, he served as the magistrate of Fanxian County, Shandong Province. A year later, he was transferred to Wei County. In the thirteenth year of Qianlong, Li Hongdong traveled to Mount Tai. He is the history of calligraphy and painting. /kloc-in 0/8, he offended officials by asking for relief and was dismissed from office. The seals commonly used in his paintings and calligraphy are: "Kangxi Scholar, Yongzheng Juren, Qianlong Jinshi", "Qianlong Dongyin Painting and Calligraphy History" and "Seven Official Ears", which can be said to be a documentary of his life.
Zheng Xie is a brilliant politician. He hates the corrupt style of officialdom and sympathizes with the grassroots. His first two years in wei county coincided with the Shandong famine, and there was a tragic scene of "man eating man". Zheng Xie took emergency measures, failed to report to his boss for approval, and used official grain to lend to the hungry. After autumn, the disaster is still heavy. He burned all the loan vouchers and adopted the method of "work for relief" to build cities and dig pools to attract victims from far and near to work and eat. Ordered the big families in the city to open factories to cook porridge, build houses to accumulate millet and store food, and let the hungry people survive the famine. However, these measures violated the interests of the rich gentry and corrupt officials and were wrongly rejected. When he left wei county, his bag was empty, with only a few books. People regretted keeping him and even set up a shrine for him. Zheng Xie's character is broad-minded, informal, talkative and deceitful. At that time, they were called "lunatics" and "freaks". After retirement, he lived in Yangzhou and made a living by selling paintings.
[Edit this paragraph] Artistic ideas
Zheng Xie's "Rare Confusion" Zheng Xie was influenced by the Confucian thought of "cultivating oneself, governing the country and leveling the world", and asked himself to "be a good person first" and "make contributions to the world and save the people" as an official. In literary creation, he also advocates that "reason must be attributed to sages, and writing must be cut to daily use" and "be a master's article, not a slave's article". Many of his poems depict the lives of the poor and expose the cruelty and greed of the rich and the petty officials. In painting and calligraphy, he deeply felt that it was a shameful "vulgar thing" to let people play well with pen and ink, and proposed: "All my paintings of orchids, bamboos and stones are used to comfort the working people all over the world, not for the people all over the world to enjoy."
Try your best to make your works have ethical and moral education significance in creation. In dealing with tradition and the success of predecessors, we advocate "learning half, moving half" and "learning its meaning is not between the signs". That is, "don't stick to the ancient law, don't hold your own opinions, just live." Pay attention to your creativity and "refuse sales promotion from people". He attached great importance to the direct observation of nature and sprouted paintings with true feelings. He once said, "There is nothing I can learn from where I draw bamboo, and there are more middle ears than paper windows and powder walls." Advocating the creative method of "nothing in the chest", this paper points out the connection and difference between "having a bamboo in the eye", "having a bamboo in the chest" and "having a bamboo in the hand", and describes in detail the creative process from observation, feeling, conception and brewing to writing, which is unique and unique.
Many of his creative feelings and experiences can be found in inscriptions and poems, such as "being redundant and painting is familiar", which are valuable aesthetic viewpoints.
[Edit this paragraph] Calligraphy and painting works
Zheng Xie is good at painting orchids, bamboos, stones, pines and chrysanthemums. Occasionally writing plums, the brushwork is directly based on Shi Tao, and I also get ideas from Xu Wei and senior painters. Writing cuts advocate simplicity, and the brushwork is relaxed, free and easy, and vigorous. Although its theme is limited to the traditional literati painting "Four Gentlemen", it can integrate social ethics education into painting through poems and inscriptions, thus making some innovations. For example, the poem "The Map of Zhu Mo" says: "Yazhai is lying and listening, and doubt is the voice of the people's sufferings. Some small officials in Caozhou County always care about their feelings. " There is a postscript in Lan Tu among thorns: "A whole picture is a gentleman, and then it ends with a thorn. Why? A gentleman can accept a villain, but a gentleman cannot live without a villain. Therefore, orchids in thorns have more lush flowers. " The poem "Stone Map" says: "Who and the lonely? A pillar went straight into the sky. Straightness is Tao Liangyuan. How about I break my waist in five fights? "
His calligraphy is a brushwork, which compromises between running script and official script and calls himself "six and a half books". Staggered vertically and horizontally, the overall oblique, such as paving stones, does not fall behind the previous pattern, which has a unique flavor. Later generations also called the calligraphy style Banqiao style.
[Edit this paragraph] Chronology of Zheng Xie
Gui You, 1692, Kangxi was born in Gubanqiao, Dongmen, Xinghua on October 25th.
At the age of 4, Mrs. Wang died; My 5-year-old father followed Mrs. Juhao.
14 years old, my stepmother, Mrs. Hao, passed away. When I was young, I studied in Maojiaqiao, Zhou Zhen, about a year ago and a year later.
At the age of 20, he wrote a poem by Mr. Lu Zhongyuan, a predecessor of Xinghua.
At the age of 23, he married Xu, a Zhouyi native. At the age of 24, he was a scholar and began to teach at the age of 26.
Father Zheng Li died at the age of 30.
3 1 year-old, selling paintings in Yangzhou this year, about ten years. His son also died in this year or so.
39 years old, 173 1 year old, 9 years old, his wife Xu died.
40-year-old, 1732, who had been in Yongzheng for ten years, went to Nanjing in the autumn to take the provincial examination and was awarded the title of "Voice of Denan Weijie".
43-year-old, in February, engaged to Raowu girl in the northern suburb of Yangzhou, with the title of Xijiang Moon.
44-year-old, 1736 Chen Bing, from February to March of the first year of Qianlong, went to Beijing to take the exam, and was the 88th Jinshi of China Erjia.
Forty-five-year-old, a pawn of nursing fee, recovered from Cheng's support, Nora's.
50-year-old, 1742, Ren Xuren, worked for seven years, was appointed as the county magistrate of Fan County in the spring, and also served as the county magistrate in the summer. My 52-year-old concubine has a baby.
At the age of 54, he changed from Fan County to Wei County and was re-elected for seven years.
At the end of 60, he was dismissed as a county magistrate.
At the age of 63, he and Li He made Three Friends.
73-year-old, wrote "Bamboo Stone Map" in April, and "Xiuzhu Niigata Map" on May 3.
1765 (thirty years of Qianlong) died of illness in Qingyuan, xinghua city, on December 12, 1998, leaving no children. Adopted by his son Zheng Tian, he was buried in Ruanzhuang (now Ruancun, Daduo Town) in the east of the city.
[Edit this paragraph] Zheng Banqiao's poems
Stone city
Hanging rock thousands of feet, borrow European knives and axes, cut into battlements. Thousands of miles of golden city stretches as far as the eye can see, and Hong Tao in Wan Li bursts. Wangjunlou
The ship breathed a sigh of relief and pointed out that the wind was profitable. A torch is lit on the bow, and the chain is burned casually.
This spring, I went to Qiu Lai, where I was caught in a misty rain. It is called the Six Dynasties to promote the abolition of things, and the Xiaoling Temple Pavilion is broken. hill
The color is desolate, the river is rushing, and the tide is empty. A few flutes sounded and reeds fluttered in the wind.
Zhou Yuzhai
Zhou Lang is a young man and a big shot in Jiangdong. Eighty thousand troops flew torches, and the wind rolled the yellow leaves in front of the beach. Loulouyun
Collapse, banner sweeping, shooting river blood. In Xianyang in March, there is no such thing as fire.
I miss him and mourn for him. I'll think about that song, and Tiger Account will talk about the rest. Gong Jin had a wonderful day, and the monarch said goodbye to his subjects. A country in the Zhou dynasty
Shu friends are sparse, Liu boils, and the old charm becomes a traitor. I still hate it. Qinhuai is suffocating every night.
Taoyedu
The bridge is low red, the water is long beside Qinhuai, and the poplars are floating. Lead the spring breeze to accompany the dancing swallows and say goodbye with dew and sadness. Yanruan pear
Flowers, rain, cold food and grass hasten the season. Draw a boat full of flutes and drums.
After all, there are few peach leaves and peach roots in ancient and modern times, and the color art is called double unique? A wisp of HongLing leans to the left, and the boudoir is more or less buried. wrong
Who can teach the whole city to be a philosopher? Song of Wang Lang, Yan said.
Many exhibition halls
Beside the old pavilion, it was blown into willow by the west wind. Such as thread, such as silk, infinite hatred, the breeze is like smoke. Sailing on the river,
Don't cry before respecting, your eyes are full of affectionate friends. Words are endless, and the sunset is sad.
Try to be famous for half your life, and be careful in your spare time. Nine out of ten things are often lost. He dances in heavy makeup and is always tempted by his family. horse
Shouting and begging in the street are in vain. What is the joy of the generals? Being poor is better than being stubborn.
mochou lake
The word Yuanyang is a popular story, but is it true? How many heroic sons and daughters created a disaster. Qiandianjin
Lotus, Yushu in the backyard, wind and rain make the disabled. Liu Jia is happy, a song for a long time!
In today's Ruyan Liu Lake, the lake clouds are like a dream, and the lake waves are thicker than wine. At the foot of the mountain, vines and sleeves are dancing in the green belt. peach
Mochow's family, Ye Shenwei, borrowed words. What is the sin of romance? No honor, no shame, no blame.
Changganli
The winding alley, at the oblique angle of the spring city, under the shade of Populus davidiana. The ochre wall is paved with stones, and the door reflects the flowing water of Bixi. drizzle
Xiao, the setting sun mudi, peaches and plums all the way. The wind blows the fallen flowers, and the falling flowers wind blows again.
It is also full of cars, every family is a swallow, and Jiang Jie has beautiful scenery. In April, cherry blossoms are all over the city, and snowflakes are Shaded Knives. Huaishui
Autumn is crisp, Zhongshan dusk, and the old horse ploughs the idle land. A mountain and a ditch, I will die here.
Taicheng
Autumn is spiritual, it is a storm, it is bleak. The sunset crow went down the mountain and asked about the former site of Taicheng. Old Man Cang
Snakes, flowers are cheap blood, rotten cigarettes are blue. Someone is herding horses and the city head is blowing.
At the beginning, I sacrificed my face and only ate vegetables and fruits, abiding by Samoan laws. Why do you dig mice when you are hungry? and
What's wrong with losing when you say "hehe"? Hard words, tears in the hero's chest.
cosmetic surgery
Where to turn around and turn to the prosperous old dreams? Only the green hills surround the old country, and the yellow-leaf westerly vegetable garden. Shixiangyao
Order, fishing palace marsh, people return at dusk. The copper bottle is 100 feet high, and there is a whine.
Only a stone's throw from the river, Yu Wenhuaji is Han Qinhu. Rouge came out arm in arm at the bottom of the well and asked where Erxiaoniang was. clean
Night talk, backyard flower songs, singing girls crossing the river. How many emperors are there in the true colors of Ci field?
Gaozuo temple
The twilight clouds are fading away, the residual buildings are faint, and the clock is lying in the courtyard. Outside the courtyard, there are thousands of green hills and shallow springs. Crow noise is loose.
In the corridor, the mouse turns over the box, and the monk is far away. An empty beam is broken, and the nest does not belong to Yan.
Pity the rise and fall of the six generations, give birth to public interests above all else, and never care about grievances. Plant bodhicitta halberd and enter the Sakyamuni wheel first. green
Stone scoffs at bullets, lights are a laughing stock, and you are a fence sitter for nothing. Constant sand is boundless, and the number of man-made disasters is short.
xiaoling
The southeast is arrogant, sweeping away old habits and purging the country. Cooper is lying in the temple, and dragons come to stay every night. Weng Zhong Yi
Crown, lion's head, static lock moss mark green. As the sun sets, several people are studying on horseback.
It is said that the world is impermanent, and the rain is coming, and the ghosts are crying and howling. I don't remember the founding day of that year, and the clay figurine of the Yuan Dynasty burst into tears. egg
The shell is dry, and the world of pills and mud rolls like a candle. On the side of the old monk's mountain, he only took a ladle of boiling spring.
Fangjingliang xiansheng temple
The Gankun side, supported by generations of Hao Ying, is in mid-air. The immortal dragon is immortal, and the seven orifices are drier than the heart. Bamboo palm hemp
Clothes, scarlet robes and white blades are simple and hard. Confidence comes out, and I don't understand why.
I also know Gao Kui from Miracle, Yi San from Hongdian and Shen Fu from Yue Wei. He collapsed from the beginning, and the topic was different. ten
The whole family slaughtered, and the skin was opened, and the soul was broken. The world's rats, how to make up the tiger!
Hong Guang
Hong Guang was named Jinlian and Yushu when the People's Republic of China was founded, and later became a fanatic. There is no limit to the suffering of plants, mountains and rivers, only to choose colors. Swallowing bit
Notes, spring lanterns say riddles, nights are short and days are narrow. Haiyun paid separately, even the red sun stopped.
It was also the reign of Maruan, the town of Gao Liu, and the dog bag towel. It's still annoying to sell it all, and I have to go to the southeast half. country
Things are wrong, people are wrong, who can escape? Taiping Longwan, this Cao Jiu has been born.
Takeishi
Zheng Xie (Zheng Banqiao)
Adhere to the castle peak and not relax,
The roots were originally in the broken rocks.
Hard work and perseverance,
East, west, north and south winds.
Mozi's poems
Zheng Xie (Zheng Banqiao)
Yazhai lay listening to the novel,
Doubt is the voice of people's sufferings.
Some small officials in Caozhou County,
A branch and a leaf are always related to love.
Semi-basin lanruitu
Can painting Shimada Hanzo,
The blue painting is semi-inclusive.
There is no ventilation,
Not afraid of withering.
Jiang Qing
The misty mountains disappeared,
The thunder and rain didn't stop.
Halfway through the sunset,
Tucao wangjianglou.
Orchids with large flowers
Cliffs-thousands of feet,
Orchids are in the sky.
There are firewood pickers,
Reach out and fold.
Title painting orchids
Blue grass is waiting in line,
The mountains are meaningful.
Loyalty and self-embrace,
What happened?
A kind of bamboo
One paragraph after another,
A thousand branches store ten thousand leaves.
I don't blossom,
Avoid teasing bees and butterflies.
Penglan
Chunlan hasn't blossomed in Sharan yet,
Everything is reminding people not to stay;
After reading all the ups and downs, it is a pot.
Pull it up a few times and plant it a few times.
After the snow in the mountains
Open the door in the morning, and the mountains are covered with snow.
The snow is clear, the clouds are light and the sun is cold.
Without plum blossom jelly dripping from the eaves,
A kind of loneliness is not idleness.
Xue Yong
One, two, three or four tablets,
Five, six, seven, eight and ninety tablets.
Thousands of dollars, thousands of dollars, countless dollars,
Fly into the plum blossom and disappear.
Two songs about White Wolf Mountain
Hanging rock pavilion, phoenix tree,
Like sounds in the air.
Copper rings should not be muddy,
Pine blossoms are all over the ground, and the afternoon is full of shade.
From Xinghua twists and turns to Gaoyou seven quatrains
There are many flowers and a lot of rain.
Shoes, boats and hats.
Selling green money and wine,
Spread lotus leaves and put fresh fish in disorder.
fisherman
200 yuan selling fresh fish,
Put the rice, grain, boiled rice back on the boat.
Wet reeds are hard to burn,
Sunbathing on the ancient shore of weeping willows.
Tell me to go back,
Zhu Hua, don't be the gentleman and people of wei county.
It's not the official who lost the black veil,
The package rustled and the sleeves were cold.
Write a thin bamboo,
Make a fishing rod on the river in autumn.
The title is Weng Shan's poem, and Shi Tao's beauty is the landscape of Badashan people.
The country is destroyed, temples are always destroyed,
A pack of monks' poems and paintings.
Qian Qian's horizontal painting and vertical painting,
No more ink and tears!
orchid
This is a flower of Youzhen,
Don't ask Vinda for a haze.
Collect firewood or be afraid of approaching,
There are even more mountains to cover the water.
Draw chrysanthemums and be an official.
It's hard to get in,
The official path is embarrassing.
My family is quite hedgehog.
Go back to the autumn wind and endure the cold for a year.
Shaoxing
The Prime Minister wrote many letters,
Emperor Shaoxing only sang loudly.
Jin people want to send it back,
Chennai Zhongyuan wants nothing!
Zhi Zhu ci
Several jobs sell green hills,
These stones are piled up and covered with beautiful spots.
At dusk, the bus driver was half drunk.
So is singing in a noisy voice.
The water is winding and the trees are heavy.
There are one or two peaks in the spring mountain in the tree.
The hut is too deep for Tibetans to see.
A few chickens and dogs in the sunset.
Painted bamboo
Two bamboos form a heavy cloud,
Several leaves are hanging upside down.
This is the same root and the same gas.
How humble and noble!
Painting bamboo branches for forty years,
Write ideas during the day and at night.
Redundant and thin,
Paintings are ripe when they are born.
For Yuan Mei.
The morning star broke the goose, and several literati scattered on the Jiang Hushui shore. Erase the spring and autumn flowers and force the frost and snow to wither.
The woman is called a stunning neighbor and likes to brag. I'm not poor if you have a wizard. It is the pre-Qin Dynasty to love him instead of buying a pearl and a mirror.
Denan Yin Weijie
Suddenly, dirt and gold poured into the fence, making the whole family happy and sad. A laurel shadow is famous, and its ten-year journey is developed late.
Where you would rather cry than kiss at the grave, no one is lazy to peep at the curtains in front of the mirror. Although he has Mao Gong, who will he comfort when he is admitted to Huatang?
folk tales sung to a bamboo percussion instrument or a fisherman's drum
Old scholar, in the white house; Huang Yu said, antique. In many high-tech schools of the younger generation, servants are like tigers in front of the door.
Teaching a few children in a secluded alley is better than hanging a banner on a stranger and leaving like a dragon.
Tang Yu is far from Xia Yin. File week, into the qin dynasty. Seven competing countries merged. The article is empty in Han dynasty,
In the Southern Dynasties, gold powder was often wasted, but people in Zhao and Song San hurried to use it up. The most lamentable thing is that the dragon and tiger crouch, and the swallow spring lantern sell all the land.
It is better to cry than to see the dragon. Envy Zhuang Zhou and worship Lao Dan. The prince and grandson of Weiyang Palace will be miserable. Coix lachryma-jobi came from the south to slander,
Seven-foot coral only hurts itself. Kongming is a white hero, and lying in the thatched cottage knows how many times he saved Qishan.
Old fisherman, a fishing rod. At the edge of the cliff, at the inlet. There are no obstacles on board, and Sha Ou is a little light and far away.
It is raining and cold in the daytime in the underground port. Singing in the sunset at night, the golden shadow shakes in an instant, so don't look up at the Dongshan Mountain on the moon.
The old woodcutter cuts wood by himself. Loose the bundle and clip the green locust. Beyond the barren hills, the monument is a wasteland.
Chihiro Huabiao is located in Taibi. Stone horse is sharpening his knife in front of the grave. It is better to sell wine with spare money and come back drunk on the mountain road.
The old monk, in the ancient temple, burned incense and rang the bell. Free fasting of Tukui oats. The broken mountain gate has nothing to do with the lock.
The sun is yellow and loose. The stars in autumn twinkle and fall. Dark futon meditation, tea night burning red.