Xu Heng, Henan and Yaoshun, Luoyang spread Sumen, and northern scholars lived alone. Yue Mingxing took over for more than 30 years.
During Kun Bo's period, Ming Juexue was advocated, and critics pushed it to the top of Neo-Confucianism in the early Ming Dynasty.
Cao Duan once said: "Learning should reach the realm of saints ("Tao "should be the method, and here is free translation.
) We must consider Tai Chi as the essence of things from a concept of Neo-Confucianism in the Song Dynasty.
Agency science basically belongs to materialism. "And he said," to be a man, we should learn from people with lofty ideals and never forget it.
I am ashamed that this sentence can't be translated. "He said," Confucius, Yan Yuan (one of Confucius' disciples) and so on.
People enjoy benevolence, Confucius is content with benevolence and enjoys it, Yan Yuan does not violate benevolence and does not change pleasure, and Cheng Zi (name) lives.
People are complacent. "He said," there is no such thing as sex, and sex is everywhere. Sex is reason.
Meaning, reason is called Tai Chi, Cheng, De, Dazhong and Ming.
Different, but the method is essentially the same. "At the beginning (before Cao Duan), Confucian scholars such as Yi and Luo (referring to the Song Dynasty)
Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi, the founders of Neo-Confucianism, were born in Luoyang, where they often gave lectures, and later in Iraq.
He gave lectures between Luohe, hence the name. ), after giving lectures in Yishui, and Li; All kinds of people belong to reason.
Learn one school, and later Xu Heng in Henan and Yao Shu in Luoyang took apprentices to teach Neo-Confucianism in Sumen.
At that time, Neo-Confucianism was not popular in the north), and bachelors in the north regarded Neo-Confucianism as their master. "Yue (this word
I don't know what to say) "Cao Duan is more than 30 years later than Mingxing, because his talent is exposed between Bo and Bo (Note: Cao
Duan was born in Mianchi), and Cao Duancai carried forward this endangered theory (note: Neo-Confucianism is not Cao Duanshou)
Zhuang, but by the time of Cao Duan, Neo-Confucianism had declined and was on the verge of extinction for various reasons in Sichuan, but through the efforts of the end,
"To Everbright", critics call Cao Duan the sleeve of Neo-Confucianism in the early Ming Dynasty.
2. Seek the translation of Sima Zhichuan and Cao Duanchuan, Cao Duanchuan, word, Mianchi. Yongle six years, giving people. At the age of five, reading "River Map" and "Luo Shu" is the father of painting with quality. and
Long, concentrate. His academic affairs are put into practice, and his first task is to be quiet. After reading Song Ru's Taiji Diagram and Harmony, he sighed: "Tao is right." Concentrate on your study, sit down with your feet and wear both bricks. Filial piety to parents. His father, Shi Chu, first entered the book Night Candle, saying, "Buddha's nature is empty, not destiny; Lao Shi takes emptiness as the Tao, not the casual way. " Father readily followed. After being mourned by the second relative, he was buried and buried in the tomb for six years.
The first time I read Xie's Confusion, I learned it well, without talking about stupas, witchcraft, geomantic omen and time. The imperial edict was sent to the city for slaughter, destroying more than 0/00 shrines/kloc-in order to set up the Li Society and the altar, so that the people could pray for news. After years of famine, many people survived. Learn the truth for Huozhou and cultivate the holy knowledge. All the students obey their instruction, and the whole county is ashamed to argue. Guo Sheng, the magistrate, asked Zheng, "Fair and honest. The public dare not slow down, and the honest officials dare not bully. " Shou. After a difficult return, Mianchi and Huo spent most of their time in school at the grave. Take the exam and change to Zhou Pu Zheng Xue. Huo and Pu fought for each other, and Huo played first.
At the same time, Li De and Duan of Huozhou also gave lectures in their hometown. When he saw the end, he retired and said to the students, "I never tire of learning, I never tire of teaching, and Cao Zi is also virtuous. As far as he knows, from ancient times to modern times, when he arrived at the scene of the incident, he learned nothing and didn't arrive. As the saying goes, all students can learn from their teachers. So he withdrew from the table. The end is also high in friendship, and the life of all beings is extended, indicating that they are also learning. "
Duan was in Huo for sixteen years, and Liu Bei was an official for nine years, at the age of fifty-nine. In the year of mourning, Huo people stopped crying, and the boys all shed tears. Poor people can't be buried, so stay and bury Huo.
3. Tam is a native of Guixiang, Weizhou.
Father Luo, whose real name is Luo Zongyang, started as a horse herding supervisor for our time. In the last years of Guangqi, Le's son was so arrogant that he dared not recruit and wanted to destroy the tooth army in Weizhou.
The tooth army was furious, gathered people and shouted to attack him, fled during training and defended Xiangzhou. The tooth army abandoned the joy, imprisoned him in longxing temple, forced him to become a monk, killed him soon, and elected Zhao as the successor of the primary school.
Earlier, Luo said that he met an old man with a white beard where he lived and said to him, "You will be the owner of one of the lands." I met twice in this dream, and I felt very strange inside.
Soon Zhao and the army were at loggerheads, and the army gathered and shouted, "Who will be our time?" Luo immediately replied, "The old man with white beard told me a long time ago that I could be your monarch." In April of the first year of Tang Wende (888), the tooth army elected Luo as the successor of Weizhou.
When the court heard the news, it officially granted him our time. In the period, Taizu attacked Yanzhou and Yunzhou, and Zhu turned to Taiyuan for help. At this point, Li Keyong sent general Li Cunxin to aid, and stationed in Shenxian County by way of Weizhou.
Li Cunxin went out of his way, constantly taking Weizhou horses and cattle, and Robben was wronged. Mao took the opportunity to send someone to see Luo, saying, "The Jin people in Taiyuan are determined to annex the Heshuo River. When they return to the division, your road will be very worrying. "
Luo was afraid, so he made friends with Mao and sent 30,000 troops to attack Li Cunxin and defeated him. Soon, Li Keyong led the troops to attack Weizhou and camped outside Guanyin Gate. Many cities belonging to Weizhou were captured by 8 Jin Army.
The Maoist Ge went to save Luo, fought with the 8 Jin Army in Lianshui, captured Li Keyong's son alive and presented it. Mao ordered to surrender to Luo, who killed Jin Jun before withdrawing. At this time, Zhao Kuangyin is trying to seize Yanzhou and Yunzhou, fearing that Luo will deviate from himself. When you are 20 years old every year, you must be modest in words and generous in gifts.
Every time Luo returned the gift, Taizu would bow to the north in front of the ambassador of Weizhou and say, "Brother Liu is twice my age. How can a friendship of brothers treat each other with the courtesy of ordinary neighbors?" So Luo attaches great importance to Mao.
Later, Luo was officially proofread by Qiu and was appointed as Linqing King. In August of the first year of Guanghua (898), he died in office.
After Luo inherited his father's footsteps and claimed to stay in Weizhou, the imperial court appointed him by the way, and then officially gave him an axe and a shovel, sealing him as a proofreader, part-time assistant minister and Changsha county king. Moving eastward to Luoyang, Taizu ordered each to build Luoyi, while Luoyi built his own ancestral temple, and the imperial edict named him the imperial guard and made him the king of Ye.
At the beginning, during the Zhide period, Tian stole and occupied the six countries of Xiang, Wei, Yi, Bo, Wei and Bei, recruited children from the army and put them under his command, which was called the "Tooth Army", and they all gave generous rewards, which made the Tooth Army extremely favored. A long time ago, father and son came down in one continuous line and became close friends. The cruel man took bribes and violated laws and regulations, and officials could not stop him.
It's just like a child's play to change the coach casually. In the past 200 years, from the beginning of chefs, coaches have been cancelled by the dental army, such as Shi Xiancheng, He Gao, Han Hele and so on. They all supported them, and their preferential treatment and rewards were slightly unsatisfactory, so the whole family was punished. Luo used to suffer from the tooth army. Although he bought the goods and tolerated them, he was dissatisfied with them.
In the first month of the second year of Luo's accession to the throne, Liu Rengong of Youzhou took up 100,000 troops, disturbed Heshuo, captured it and marched into Weizhou. Luo asked Mao for help, and Li Sian, a Maoist, helped him. He was stationed in Lianshui. Ge Cong Xing Zhou entered Wei Zhou, and Liu Shouwen and Shan Ke, generals of Yan Army, fought against Mao's army in Neihuang. The Yan army was defeated and Mao's army pursued them.
In Ge, he also led the army to attack and defeated the Yan army. More than 30,000 beheadings.
In three years, Luo sent messengers to join forces with Mao to jointly attack Cangzhou to repay Mao. From then on, Luo was grateful for Mao's help and deeply admired and attached to him.
Luo witnessed the decline of the national fortune in the Tang Dynasty, and his army was stronger than other places in the world. Knowing that he must have the intention of being a Zen master, he attached himself wholeheartedly to him to make friends and achieve his career, and he was often worried about the accident of the dental army, which made him uneasy. One day, in the early years, the ruined ground sank for no reason. Soon, a small school in Li changed. Luo was even more afraid, so he decided to get rid of the tooth army and sent messengers to tell Mao to let him do foreign aid.
Mao promised him to send Li Sian to attack Cangzhou again with the army of Weibo Town. Before that, Princess Anyang died in Weizhou. Mao took the opportunity to send Ma Sixun of Changzhi Military Academy to select 1,000 soldiers, hid weapons in huge pockets and carried them into yu zhou with shoulder straps, saying that he sponsored the funeral of Princess Anyang.
One day, on the fifth day of the first month of the third year (906), Mao personally led his troops to cross the river, claiming to inspect the camps in Cangzhou and Jingzhou. The tooth army was very suspicious of his actions. On 0/6 of this month, Luo led hundreds of minions and Ma Sixun to jointly attack the dental army. At that time, more than 0/000 people living in Yacheng/KLOC were all killed by dawn, with a total of 8,000 people, all of whom were wiped out, but no one was left.
The next day, Mao ran from the inner yellow. At that time, Wei Jun, with 20,000 troops, was surrounding Cangzhou with the imperial army. Wei Jun heard what was going on in Weizhou City, so he held the general stone and stuck to Gaotang. In six states, they are enemies. It took the Maoists half a year to settle down.
From then on, although Luo got rid of the tooth army that persecuted him, he immediately regretted weakening his own strength. In less than a few months, the battle of Fuyang happened again, and the traffic in Luo Fei provided supplies for transporting military supplies. It's 500 miles from Yedu to Luchang, and cars and tracks overlap.
Marshal House was established in Weizhou, and pavilions were set up along the road to supply sacrificial prisons, wine supplies, military accounts and weapons. There are hundreds of thousands of people in Mao's army, and there is no shortage of military supplies. When Mao came back from Luchang and passed through Weizhou again, Luo took the opportunity to say to Mao, "... Zhou, Qixia and Taiyuan finally had arrogant and secretive intentions, each under the banner of reviving the royal family in the Tang Dynasty." The king's attempt to seize state power by himself to cut off others is a godsend, not what people want, which was criticized by the ancients. "
Mao thanked him deeply. When Taizu ascended the throne, Gallo was a teacher and a secretariat official, and was awarded the title of "Contributing to the Opening of Heaven".
When Yu Jia entered Luo, he was ordered to rebuild the Five Peaks Pagoda and Temple. Huge timber and exquisite craftsmen were not owned at that time, but the building suddenly.
4. The translation of Bu Classical Chinese is Bu and Zi, from Luoyang.
His father, Bu Shichang, served as Kong Guo Guan in the Jin Dynasty. When Mongolia's Xianzong conquered the south, Bu Shichang led the masses to join in, appointed officials as the town magistrate, and led 2,000 civilian groups to be promoted to a real road rule of 1,000 people.
In the sixth year of Xianzong, 2,000 registered households in the north of the Yellow River moved to the south of the Yellow River, and Bu Shichang was put in charge, so they settled in the capital of song dynasty. But Zhang Tian was smart since he was a child. When he grew up, he was upright and conceited. He studies the history of reading and knows that success or failure is average.
The first year became the official history of Henan Province. At that time, tens of thousands of hungry people gathered by the Yellow River, ready to migrate to the south. The emperor ordered the people to resume their old posts and not to cross the south. Everyone is noisy and refuses to go home. Worried about accidents, Bu suggested that the manager Zhang let these people cross the river. Zhang accepted his suggestion and didn't get into trouble.
Cheng Silian, the deputy envoy of Henan Province, discovered the virtue of Bu, making it a constitutional history and gaining great fame. Later, he served as a censor. An inspector relied on his power to accept bribes, and the inspector exposed his bribes.
At that time, Bu Zhang Tian was in charge of literary reading, but before he could play it, he was vilified. He and Yushi were both detained in the Imperial Palace, and Yushi was very sad. Bu Tiantan asked him why, and suggested: "I am old and have only one daughter, and I feel sorry for myself;" She heard that I was detained and didn't eat for several days, and I was sad. " Zhang Tian said, "It's only natural to die a fair death. Why are you crying for your child? " I was ashamed of my advice, thanks, and I was pardoned soon.
The Prime Minister of Shunde took charge of the National Government, promoted Bu to the rank of middle official, and tried his best to distinguish between politics and politics. Other prime ministers were very angry and ignored Bu's words, but Shunde workers listened to Bu's advice and said, "What am I worried about if you can do this?" Dade served as director of the Ministry of Industry for four years. There was a Liu Shuai in Yuzhou who seized other people's property by force, and officials were afraid to deal with it. In the book, cloth to make a decision, Liu Shuai concessions, reclamation.
In the fifth year of Dade, due to the recommendation of Tang Dynasty minister Amber, he was granted everything, and he was taken to the palace to introduce the emperor, and he was given a brocade, saddle, bow and knife. Later, due to Taigong's work, he was promoted to a training doctor and got two sets of banquet clothes.
When his term expires, someone should replace him. The Privy Council minister asked to remain in office, and the replacement was specially appointed as an additional post. Since Wu Zongshi, he was promoted to * * *, and after the establishment of Shangshu Province, he was promoted to a doctor of punishments.
At that time, there were many thieves. It is suggested that criminals and their families should wear blue clothes and hats to distinguish them from good people. Bu Zhang Tian said, "Criminals in brown clothes blocked the road, which was a drawback of the Qin Dynasty. How can you follow the trend! " The Prime Minister came to his senses and stopped this practice.
It was reported that some of the waiting workers were planning evil, and the emperor ordered Bu Zhang Tian to try to solve it, for which he was rewarded handsomely. After the minister of Shangshu Province was convicted, Yuan Renzong called the officials of the Ministry to see him. At that time, the Queen Mother Sheng Xing was also present. Renzong pointed to him and said to the Queen Mother: "This is the Bu Zhangtian who is neither greedy nor bribed."
The queen mother asked him what his current official position was, and Bu Zhangtian replied, "I am a doctor of punishments." Asked who recommended him, he replied, "I have no talent, but I was wrongly promoted and appointed by the emperor."
Renzong said: "The first dynasty appointed Xie Zhonghe as a minister and Ai Qing as a doctor, both of which were personally recommended by me. You should be loyal to your duties and not slack off! " Immediately handed him the seal of the book in punishments.
As soon as he took office, he entered the official audience, and the emperor gave wine and three sets of jinyi in Longfuguan. After receiving the order to deal with the rebellion case, Renzong looked at the ministers and said, "Bu Zhang Tian is an honest man and will definitely get the truth."
But Zhang Tian didn't appear unjust imprisonment because of his own will. In the early Qing Dynasty, Bu Zhang Tian was appointed as the magistrate of the German government, encouraging farming and discouraging learning. Repairing the river will prevent the river from flooding.
At that time, thieves gathered and occupied the main road, and business travel was blocked. But Zhang Tian caught hundreds of thieves, all the thieves were punished, and the thieves were calmed down. He was promoted to be the deputy envoy of Lian Fang, Zhejiang Province, and took office for several months. Because of the change of land system, he was appointed as the general manager of Raozhou Road. After Zhang Tian came to power, he let the people report the land, but the administration did not disturb the people. People are very happy, this land is quiet and awesome.
At that time, the ministers in the province were responsible for changing the farmland system, and they used their power for happiness. State and county officials rushed to bribe them, hoping to avoid being condemned. Only Raozhou Road was not issued, and the minister of Zhongshu Province hated it. He wanted to slander Zhang Tian with strict law, but he traced his crime and found nothing. When the county reported famine, BuZhang Tian immediately distributed official relief food. The aides all thought it was impossible. Bu Zhang Tian said, "People are very hungry. If they ask for relief from above, the people will surely starve to death.
If there are undeclared responsibilities in advance, I will bear them alone and won't involve you. "Finally, the government provides food and relief, so people have to avoid hunger.
That's what he does when things go wrong. When the fire reached the east gate of Raozhou, the cloth was dressed to worship the fire and the fire was put out.
There was a fierce tiger in the famous mountain. Bu sent a message to the mountain god, and soon the tiger was caught. Known to the imperial court for his political achievements and behavior, he was promoted to be a cheap visiting ambassador in Guangdong.
Previously, dignitaries built dikes at the seaside to monopolize merchant ships for profit, but many former chiefs ignored them because they accepted bribes; Cloth Zhang Tian arrived, battalions, decided to go to the dam. There has been no ice in Lingnan area. When Zhang Tian arrived, there began to be ice. People say this is due to the good management of Zhang Tian.
Soon, he asked for retirement. In the second year of Tian Li, there was a rebellion in Shu, and the Jingchu area was greatly shaken.
Chao Xuan also worshipped Bu as an inexpensive guest ambassador in Shannan. People think he is too old to work.
Zhang Tian said: "The country is in danger. Although I am 80 years old, I am often afraid that I can't die a fair death. How dare I escape from difficulties! " So he went to his post. After he took office, he was weather-beaten in rectification, serious in official management, and revered stability in counties and counties.
At that time, the price soared, and the cloth ordered that the price should not be lowered, allowing the people to buy and sell freely, attracting merchants' cars and boats to come to collect and transport, and the price of rice soon dropped. He also left the money collected from the imperial examination platform, and no longer transported it to the imperial examination platform to help the hungry. After the imperial examination arrived, people gathered on the road were praising him.
At that time, the imperial court sent three officials to talk about the gains and losses of policies at that time. Therefore, Bu Zhangtian listed 20 things, totaling more than 10,000 words, and listed an item called "The Strategy of Zhongxing Ji", all of which hit the nail on the head. Since then, he resigned and returned to China. After returning to the capital of song dynasty, he gave the rest of his salary.
5. Dong Yunchuan Dong Yunming Xiuzhao is the son of Dong He, commander of the unified army. The late Lord (Liu Bei) established the Prince, and Dong Yun was chosen as the Prince's Sheren, and was appointed as the Prince to wash the horse. After Liu Chan succeeded to the throne, Dong Yun was promoted to assistant minister of Huangmen.
Zhuge Liang, the prime minister, is going to go north to Wei and be stationed in Hanzhong. Considering the young age of the late master, it is difficult to distinguish right from wrong. Because Dong Yun has an upright mind and bright eyes, he wants to put the affairs of the Imperial Palace in his charge. Zhuge Liang said to the late emperor, "The courtiers Guo Youzhi, Fei Yi and Dong Yun were selected and promoted by the late emperor and left to your majesty. As for weighing trade-offs, planning interests, and offering advice and suggestions to your majesty without reservation, that is their responsibility. I think, discussing all the big and small issues in the palace with them will definitely make up for mistakes and omissions and get more benefits. If you don't listen to advice and encourage your majesty to carry forward his virtues, you must punish Dong Yun and others to show negligence. " Soon, Zhuge Liang asked Fei Yi to join the army and promoted Dong Yun as an assistant. He was also a samurai corps commander, who was in charge of Su Wei Qin Bing in the palace. Guo Youzhi's temperament has always been peaceful and docile, just an official who makes up the numbers. The task of making suggestions and adopting opinions is undertaken by Dong Yun alone.
When dealing with political affairs, Dong Yun paid attention to formulating preventive measures and tried his best to rectify the situation and help the rescue. The late emperor Liu Chan often wanted to choose beautiful women to enrich the harem. Dong Yun believed that there were no more than twelve concubines of ancient emperors. Now the beauty of the late emperor is completely ready and should not be added, so he has always insisted on refusing to choose a beauty. Liu Chan became more and more afraid of him. Shang Shu ordered Jiang Wan to serve as the secretariat of Yizhou, and Fei Yi and Dong Yun were recommended by Shang Shu. The above table also says: "Dong Yun served in the palace for many years, assisting the royal family. He should be given a title and a fief in recognition of his hard work and meritorious service. " Dong Yun resolutely refuses to accept it. He doted on eunuch Huang Hao since childhood. Huang Hao is good at flattery and cunning, trying to please his late master and enter the body. Dong Yun often corrected his master seriously, but he reprimanded Huang Hao many times. Huang Hao was afraid of Dong Yun and dared not run amok. Until Dong Yun's death, Huang Hao's position did not exceed Huang's.
Dong Yun once invited ministers Fei Yi, Zhong Dianji and others to travel and hold a banquet. The horses and chariots are ready to go. Dr. Dong Hui from Xiangyang came to see Dong Yun, and paid his respects. Dong Hui is young and humble. Seeing that Dong Yun no longer went out to receive him, he hesitated and asked to leave. Dong Yun refused, saying, "Originally, I wanted to travel because I wanted to play and talk with like-minded people. Now that you have condescended (to my house), it's time to talk about your long-lost feelings. It was not my intention to give up this conversation and go to that banquet. " So people dismounted one after another, and Fei Yi and others stopped their horses and chariots and stopped going out to play. Dong Yunke keeps the right path, and the corporal is courteous and virtuous.
In the sixth year of Yan Xi (AD 243), Dong Yun was the assistant general. In the seventh year of Yan Xi (244), he temporarily assumed the post of minister as an assistant minister and became the deputy of General Fei Yi. Yan Xi nine years, Dong Yun died.
6. The translation of the classical Chinese "Tao Kan Yi Shi" has nothing to do in Guangzhou, and it is transported to the outside of the fast at dusk and to the inside of the fast. People asked him why, and replied, "We are committed to the Central Plains, so we are too comfortable, so we are afraid of suffering, so we should work hard." ……
He is smart and diligent, always sitting in danger, and knows everything about the military government. As the saying goes, "the sage of Dayu cherishes every inch of yin." As for everyone, how can we cherish the nether world? But it is useless to be born, sick and dead, and give up on yourself! "
translate
Tao Kan is in Guangzhou. When he is free, he always transports the white bricks outside the study early in the morning and then transports them back to the study at night. Someone asked him why he did this, and he replied: "I am trying to recover the lost land in the Central Plains. I am too leisurely and afraid that I can't undertake major events. I just work hard."
Tao Kan is smart, sensitive, humble and diligent. Sit cross-legged all day, check and manage everything, and have no leisure. He often says to others: "Dayu is a saint and still cherishes time so much." It is more important for all of us to cherish time. How can you just think about a life of ease, play and alcoholism? " Living can't be good for the country. After your death, future generations will not hear your good name. This is self-abandonment. "